ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To identify the effect of brain extracts from people of different age groups on possible changes in cell physiology and behavior in vitro. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Human frontal cortical segments were obtained 12-24 hours after autopsy. Brain tissue extract was taken from young people who died at age of 22.5±2.7 years and old people at 80.9±3.0 years. SK-N-MC human neuroblastoma cells were cultured in a medium containing 50 mg/ml of brain tissue extracts; blood serum (50 mg/ml) from healthy people was used as a control. Procedures for cytophotometry of DNA and acidic proteins and polarized light microscopy were used. RESULTS: A short-term decrease in acidic protein levels in the nucleus and nucleolus was found to be affected by brain extracts from old people. There were higher cytoplasmic acidic protein levels. At the same time, the same indicators generally remained noticeably unchanged under the influence of brain extracts from young people. There were also simultaneous pronounced changes in cell morphology and behavior in vitro; namely, neuronal cell processes became shorter and their proliferative activity increased, which was not least a result of the unblocking of cells in the G2 phase under the influence of brain extracts from old people. CONCLUSION: The factors that accelerate cell proliferation in vitro accumulate in the human brain with age. Simultaneously with the acceleration of cell proliferation, there are changes in cell metabolic activity and morphology.
Subject(s)
Brain , Neuroblastoma , Age Factors , Brain/physiology , Cell Proliferation , Humans , Neurons , Young AdultABSTRACT
Reactions of continuous HeLa and RD cell cultures and their nuclear and nucleolar apparatus to addition of solcoseryl into the medium were studied. The monolayer density, proliferation activity, percentage of dead cells, RNA and DNA content in the nuclei and nucleoli, number of nucleoli in the nuclei, cell distribution in the population by the number of nucleoli in the nuclei, volume and complete surface area of the nuclei and nucleoli, and the nucleolar/nuclear ratio were evaluated. The cultures differently reacted to solcoseryl in the medium at the population and cellular levels of their organization. By the results of multiparametric analysis of the reactions of cells and their nuclear and nucleolar apparatus, solcoseryl can be referred to bioactive substances with characteristics of a factor regulating cell population growth.
Subject(s)
Actihaemyl/pharmacology , Cells, Cultured/drug effects , HeLa Cells/drug effects , Animals , Cell Nucleolus/drug effects , Cell Nucleus/drug effects , Cells, Cultured/cytology , Culture Media/chemistry , HeLa Cells/cytology , HumansABSTRACT
Similar behavior of lymphoid cells, their nuclei and nucleoli in periodic disease and leukemia attest to nonspecific reaction of the immune system to these diseases, but the intensity of this reaction and mechanisms of the population recovery are different. DNA hyperreplication plays an important role in this process: in periodic disease it is realized via gene amplification, which manifests by the formation of H2c nuclei and increase in the number of nucleoli, while in leukemia bone marrow lymphoblasts double the DNA content during S phase, maturate during G2 phase, and then divide. We called this mechanism "reserve lymphopoiesis" by analogy with reserve erythropoiesis discovered previously by us.
Subject(s)
Cell Nucleolus/metabolism , Cell Nucleus/metabolism , Familial Mediterranean Fever/metabolism , Leukemia/metabolism , Lymphocytes/metabolism , Female , Humans , Lymphocytes/cytology , MaleABSTRACT
We compared the effects of Na+ and Ca2+ double-stranded RNA on cultured human laryngeal cancer cells by cytomorphometry and cytophotometry. Both agents inhibited proliferation and other cell functions, but to a different extent: Ca2+ double-stranded RNA was more active than Na+ double-stranded RNA.
