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1.
Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci ; 28(4): 1282-1288, 2024 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38436161

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Population-specific muscle mass cut-off values are recommended for the diagnosis of sarcopenia. In this study, we aimed to determine the appendicular muscle mass index (ASMI) and phase angle (PA) cut-off values for the Turkish population using multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis (mBIA). PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 250 healthy volunteers aged 18-40 years were included in the study between September 2020 and December 2021. PA was measured by mBIA, and appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) was calculated by the Sergi formula using the resistance and reactance measurements from mBIA. ASMI was calculated as ASM (kg)/(height in meters)2. Two standard deviations (SD) below the mean values were accepted as cut-off points. RESULTS: 134 women and 116 men were included in the study (26.0±5.6 years). The ASMI cut-offs for men and women were 5.86 and 4.36 kg/m2, respectively. The PA cut-offs were 5.66° in men and 4.38° in women. CONCLUSIONS: The present study reported the ASMI and PA cut-off values specific to the Turkish population using the Sergi formula, which was suggested by the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP).


Subject(s)
Sarcopenia , Male , Humans , Female , Aged , Electric Impedance , Sarcopenia/diagnosis , Healthy Volunteers , Muscle, Skeletal
2.
Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci ; 27(12): 5812-5821, 2023 06.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37401318

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Malnutrition is related to increased morbidity, mortality, and costs. NRS-2002 is a practical malnutrition risk (MR) screening tool approved by the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) for inpatients. We aimed to reveal the inpatient MR using NRS-2002, and to examine the relationship between MR and in-hospital mortality. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The results of inpatient nutritional screening in a tertiary referral center university hospital were retrospectively analyzed. The NRS-2002 test was used for defining MR. Comorbidities, initial and follow-up anthropometric data, NRS-2002 score, food intake, weight status, and laboratory analysis were examined. In-hospital mortality was noted. RESULTS: Data from 5,999 patients were evaluated. On admission, 49.8% of the patients had MR, and 17.3% had severe MR (sMR). MR-sMR was higher in geriatric patients (62.0-28.5%). Those with dementia had the highest MR (71%), followed by stroke (66%) and malignancy (62%). Age and serum C-reactive protein (CRP) were higher, and body weight, BMI, serum albumin, and creatinine were lower in patients with MR. Multivariate analysis showed that age, albumin, CRP, congestive heart failure (CHF), malignancy, dementia, and stroke were independently associated with MR. The overall mortality rate during hospitalization was 7.9%. MR was associated with mortality regardless of serum CRP, albumin, body mass index (BMI), and age. Half of the patients received nutritional treatment (NT). NT resulted in preserved or increased body weight and albumin levels among patients and the geriatric group with MR. CONCLUSIONS: AMR revealed that NRS-2002 is positive in approximately half of the hospitalized patients, which is associated with in-hospital mortality independent of the underlying diseases. NT is related to weight gain and increased serum albumin.


Subject(s)
Dementia , Malnutrition , Humans , Aged , Nutritional Status , Nutrition Assessment , Retrospective Studies , Hospital Mortality , Length of Stay , Malnutrition/diagnosis , Hospitalization , Inpatients , C-Reactive Protein , Serum Albumin , Body Weight
3.
Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci ; 27(7): 2858-2864, 2023 04.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37070885

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Diabetes mellitus (DM), sarcopenia, and sarcopenic obesity (SO) in the elderly were related to frailty, morbidity, and mortality. The aim of this study was to determine the contribution of diabetes mellitus to the prevalence of SO in a nursing home residents. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 397 old-aged (≥65 years) nursing home residents dwelling in Darulaceze Directorate Kayisdagi Campus of Istanbul. Exclusion criteria included <65 years of age, residing for less than a month, acute medical problems, and severe cognitive impairment (mini-mental state examination test score ≤10). Demographic characteristics, anthropometric measurements, nutritional status, and handgrip strength were evaluated for each participant. Sarcopenia was defined according to the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) II criteria and obesity was defined with body mass index (BMI) ≥30 kg/m2. SO was the concomitant existence of sarcopenia and obesity together. RESULTS: Mean age of the participants was 77.95±7.94 (65-101) years (n=397). The prevalence of probable sarcopenia was significantly higher in non-obese patients when compared to obese (48.1% vs. 29.3%, p=0.014), which was similar after the exclusion of malnourished residents. In DM patients (n=63), the prevalence of obesity, probable sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity were 30.2%, 42.2%, and 13.3%, which were 20.4%, 43.2%, and 6.5% in non-DM residents, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Although they did not reach statistical significance, obesity and sarcopenic obesity were more prevalent among diabetic patients in a nursing home.


Subject(s)
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 , Sarcopenia , Aged , Humans , Middle Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Sarcopenia/epidemiology , Sarcopenia/diagnosis , Hand Strength , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Nursing Homes , Obesity/epidemiology
4.
Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci ; 18(12): 1755-61, 2014.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24992619

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: Endothelial dysfunction can be shown very early in the cardiovascular disease. In the present study the association between congestive heart failure (CHF), endothelial function and 3 gene polymorphisms was investigated. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In 104 healthy controls and 104 CHF patients, endothelial constitutive nitric oxide synthase (ecNOS), angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) and angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) gene polymorphisms were assessed. The cause of CHF was ischemic in 68 patients and dilated cardiomyopathy (DCMP) in 36 patients. High resolution brachial artery ultrasound was used in 37 CHF patients and 37 healthy controls to assess the endothelial function. Endothelium-dependent vasodilation (EDD) and endothelium-independent vasodilation (EID) were determined. RESULTS: There no was difference between controls and CHF patients for the ACE, ecNOS, and AT1R genotype frequencies. Compared to controls CHF patients had significantly impaired EDD (9.0+5% vs 16±7%, p < 0.001) and EID (13±6% vs 19+8%, p = 0.001). EDD (7±4% vs 12+6%, p = 0.005), but not EID, was significantly impaired in ischemic CHF as compared to DCMP patients. In the CHF group ecNOS a allele and AT1R C allele influence the EDD. CONCLUSIONS: Endothelial dysfunction was present in CHF group and the presence of ecNOS a allele and AT1R C allele further impaired EDD.


Subject(s)
Heart Failure/genetics , Heart Failure/physiopathology , Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III/genetics , Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A/genetics , Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1/genetics , Adult , Aged , Brachial Artery/diagnostic imaging , Brachial Artery/physiopathology , Endothelium, Vascular/physiopathology , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Mutation , Polymorphism, Genetic , Ultrasonography , Vasodilation
5.
Indian J Nephrol ; 24(1): 66, 2014 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24574640
6.
Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci ; 18(1): 39-45, 2014.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24452940

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Endothelial dysfunction is recognized as an early and initiating event in the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease. Gene polymorphisms of endothelial constitutive nitric oxide synthase (ecNOS), angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) and angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) have been found to be associated with atherosclerosis.  We aimed to investigate the possible effects of ecNOS, ACE and AT1R gene polymorphisms on endothelial functions in healthy population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In 255 healthy subjects (male/female: 119/136 mean age 35.1±2.3 years)  ecNOS, ACE and AT1R gene polymorphisms were assessed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Endothelium dependent (EDD, flow-mediated) and endothelium independent vasodilation (EID) were measured by high resolution brachial artery ultrasound and 0.5 mg sublingual nitroglycerine respectively. RESULTS: ecNOS and ACE genes had no significant effect on EDD and EID. However, subjects with AT1RAC+CC genotypes had lower EDD compared to subjects with AT1RAA genotype in females (19.4 ± 6.6% vs 21.5 ± 7.8%, p = 0.041). EDD and EID were significantly negatively associated with  age, body mass index, serum creatinine, glucose, uric acid and hemoglobin levels. When the data on age, uric acid, BMI, glucose, creatinine, and hemoglobin were split into 3 as low-1/3, mid-1/3 and  high 1/3, there was significant graded decrease in EDD and EID with these parameters. In multiple regression analysis, age and presence of AT1RAC+CC genotype  retained as significant independent factors predicting endothelial functions. CONCLUSIONS: Gene polymorphisms of endothelial constitutive nitric oxide synthase and  angiotensin converting enzyme had no effect on endothelial functions. However, the presence of angiotensin II type 1 receptor polymorhism (AT1RAC+CC genotype) seemed to adversely affect the endothelial functions as reflected by impaired endothelium dependent and independent vasodilatation in healthy individuals.


Subject(s)
Endothelium, Vascular/physiology , Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III/genetics , Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A/genetics , Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1/genetics , Adult , Brachial Artery/diagnostic imaging , Endothelium, Vascular/diagnostic imaging , Female , Humans , Male , Minisatellite Repeats , Ultrasonography , Vasodilation/genetics , Vasodilation/physiology , Young Adult
7.
Indian J Nephrol ; 23(1): 34-40, 2013 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23580803

ABSTRACT

Endothelial dysfunction (ED), insulin resistance (IR), and inflammation are risk factors for increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). ADPKD patients may have increased carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and decreased coronary flow velocity reserve (CFVR). The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) was introduced as a marker to determine inflammation in various disorders. We aimed to investigate the relationship between NLR and IR, CFVR, CIMT, and the left ventricular mass index (LVMI) in normotensive ADPKD patients. Twentynine ADPKD patients (age 38.8 ± 10.2 years; 8 men and 21 women) and 19 healthy controls (age 33.8 ± 7.4 years; 8 men and 11 women) were included in this cross-sectional study. CFVR was calculated with echocardiography as the ratio of hyperemic to baseline diastolic peak coronary flow velocities. CIMT was measured in the distal common carotid artery by using a 10-MHz linear echocardiography probe. HOMA-IR was calculated NLR was calculated as the ratio of the neutrophil and lymphocyte counts. Age, sex, body mass index, and levels of glucose, creatinine, low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol, triglycerides, C-reactive protein (CRP), microalbuminuria, and creatinine clearance were similar between ADPKD patients and healthy subjects. NLR, CIMT, LVMI, and HOMA-IR were significantly higher and CFVR values were significantly lower in patients with ADPKD compared to that in healthy subjects. NLR showed positive correlation with CIMT, HOMA, insulin, glucose, and HDL cholesterol levels, while it was inversely correlated with CFVR and albumin level in all subjects. In patients with ADPKD, NLR showed positive correlation with HDL cholesterol level and inverse correlation with LVMI and albumin level. NLR that was found to be increased in patients with ADPKD may be a readily available marker of inflammation and ED.

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