Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 7 de 7
Filter
Add more filters










Language
Publication year range
1.
J Neuroendocrinol ; 25(5): 488-96, 2013 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23331967

ABSTRACT

Tonic gonadotrophin secretion throughout the menstrual cycle is regulated by the negative-feedback actions of ovarian oestradiol (E2) and progesterone. Although kisspeptin neurones in the arcuate nucleus (ARC) of the hypothalamus appear to play a major role in mediating these feedback actions of the steroids in nonprimate species, this issue has been less well studied in the monkey. In the present study, we used immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridisation to examine kisspeptin and KISS1 expression, respectively, in the mediobasal hypothalamus (MBH) of adult ovariectomised (OVX) rhesus monkeys. We also examined kisspeptin expression in the MBH of ovarian intact females, and the effect of E2, progesterone and E2 + progesterone replacement on KISS1 expression in OVX animals. Kisspeptin or KISS1 expressing neurones and pronounced kisspeptin fibres were readily identified throughout the ARC of ovariectomised monkeys but, on the other hand, in intact animals, kisspeptin cell bodies were small in size and number and only fine fibres were observed. Replacement of OVX monkeys with physiological levels of E2, either alone or with luteal phase levels of progesterone, abolished KISS1 expression in the ARC. Interestingly, progesterone replacement alone for 14 days also resulted in a significant down-regulation of KISS1 expression. These findings support the view that, in primates, as in rodents and sheep, kisspeptin signalling in ARC neurones appears to play an important role in mediating the negative-feedback action of E2 on gonadotrophin secretion, and also indicate the need to study further their regulation by progesterone.


Subject(s)
Arcuate Nucleus of Hypothalamus/physiology , Kisspeptins/metabolism , Neurons/metabolism , Ovary/physiology , Animals , Arcuate Nucleus of Hypothalamus/metabolism , Estradiol/administration & dosage , Female , Hypothalamus/metabolism , Macaca mulatta , Monoamine Oxidase/genetics , Ovariectomy , Progesterone/administration & dosage , RNA, Messenger/genetics
2.
Physiol Res ; 59(2): 255-262, 2010.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19537922

ABSTRACT

Previous results have suggested that orexins causes a rise of intracellular free calcium ([Ca(2+)](i)) in cultured rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons, implicating a role in nociception, but the underlying mechanism is unknown. Hence, the aim of the present study was to investigate whether the orexins-mediated signaling involves the PKC pathways in these sensory neurons. Cultured DRG neurons were loaded with 1 micromol Fura-2 AM and [Ca(2+)](i) responses were quantified by the changes in 340/380 ratio using fluorescence imaging system. The orexin-1 receptor antagonist SB-334867-A (1 microM) inhibited the calcium responses to orexin-A and orexin-B (59.1+/-5.1 % vs. 200 nM orexin-A, n=8, and 67+/-3.8 % vs. 200 nM orexin-B, n=12, respectively). The PKC inhibitor chelerythrine (10 and 100 microM) significantly decreased the orexin-A (200 nM)-induced [Ca(2+)](i) increase (59.4+/-4.8 % P<0.01, n=10 and 4.9+/-1.6 %, P<0.01, n=9) versus response to orexin-A). It was also found that chelerythrine dose-dependently inhibited the [Ca(2+)](i) response to 200 nM orexin-B. In conclusion, our results suggest that orexins activate intracellular calcium signaling in cultured rat sensory neurons through PKC-dependent pathway, which may have important implications for nociceptive modulation and pain.


Subject(s)
Calcium Signaling/physiology , Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/metabolism , Neuropeptides/metabolism , Pain/metabolism , Protein Kinase C/metabolism , Sensory Receptor Cells/enzymology , Animals , Benzoxazoles/pharmacology , Calcium Signaling/drug effects , Cells, Cultured , Ganglia, Spinal/cytology , Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/pharmacology , Naphthyridines , Neuropeptides/pharmacology , Neurotransmitter Agents/pharmacology , Nociceptors/drug effects , Nociceptors/metabolism , Orexins , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Sensory Receptor Cells/cytology , Sensory Receptor Cells/drug effects , Urea/analogs & derivatives , Urea/pharmacology
3.
J. physiol. biochem ; 65(4): 339-344, dic. 2009.
Article in English | IBECS | ID: ibc-122855

ABSTRACT

No disponible


Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) is a natural product with potent anti-inflammatory, antitumor, and antioxidant activities, and attenuates inflammation and lipid peroxidation. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of CAPE on iron-induced liver damage. Rats were divided into four groups and treated for 7 days with saline (control group), 10 µmol kg CAPE/day s.c. (CAPE group), 50 mg iron-dextran/kg i.p. (IRON group) and CAPE and iron at the same time (IRON+CAPE group). Seven days later, rats were killed and the livers were excised for biochemical analysis. The administration of IRON alone resulted in higher myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and lipid peroxidation than in the control and CAPE treatment prevented the increase in MPO activity and malondialdeyde (MDA) level. No differences were observed in all four groups with regards to superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and catalase (CAT) activities. Our results collectively suggest that CAPE may be an available agent to protect the liver from injury via inhibition of MPO activity (AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Hepatic Insufficiency/physiopathology , Caffeic Acids/pharmacokinetics , Peroxidase/antagonists & inhibitors , Protective Agents/pharmacokinetics , Disease Models, Animal
4.
J. physiol. biochem ; 65(3): 267-275, sept. 2009.
Article in English | IBECS | ID: ibc-122871

ABSTRACT

No disponible


We aimed to investigate the effects of the aromatase inhibitor letrozole on femur fracture and serum levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), calcium and phosphate in female rats. Intact 32 Sprague-Dawley female rats were divided into four groups (n=8): control, letrozole 0.2 , letrozole 1 (treatment of 0.2 and 1 mg/kg for six weeks) and recovery (letrozole-treated 1 mg/kg for six weeks then allowed to recover for two weeks). Besides, 24 ovariectomized rats were divided into three groups (n=8): ovariectomized+control, ovariectomized+letrozole and ovariectomized+letrozole+ estradiol (10 ìg/rat). After experimental period, rats’ femur bones were removed for biomechanical studies following decapitation. Serum ALP, calcium and phosphate were measured. Biomechanical values, ALP and phosphate significantly increased by letrozole in a dose-dependent manner (p<0.05) while calcium levels and net bone area decreased (p<0.05). Ultimate strength was positively correlated with ALP and phosphate and negatively correlated with calcium. The results indicate that letrozole may increase risk of bone fracture and affect bone biomarkers such as ALP, calcium and phosphate in both intact and ovariectomized rats (AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Rats , Aromatase Inhibitors/pharmacokinetics , Femoral Fractures , Alkaline Phosphatase , Calcium/blood , Phosphates/blood , Ovariectomy , Risk Factors
5.
J Physiol Biochem ; 65(3): 267-75, 2009 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20119821

ABSTRACT

We aimed to investigate the effects of the aromatase inhibitor letrozole on femur fracture and serum levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), calcium and phosphate in female rats. Intact 32 Sprague-Dawley female rats were divided into four groups (n=8): control, letrozole 0.2 , letrozole 1 (treatment of 0.2 and 1 mg/kg for six weeks) and recovery (letrozole-treated 1 mg/kg for six weeks then allowed to recover for two weeks). Besides, 24 ovariectomized rats were divided into three groups (n=8): ovariectomized+control, ovariectomized+letrozole and ovariectomized+letrozole+ estradiol (10 microg/rat). After experimental period, rats' femur bones were removed for biomechanical studies following decapitation. Serum ALP, calcium and phosphate were measured. Biomechanical values, ALP and phosphate significantly increased by letrozole in a dose-dependent manner (p<0.05) while calcium levels and net bone area decreased (p<0.05). Ultimate strength was positively correlated with ALP and phosphate and negatively correlated with calcium. The results indicate that letrozole may increase risk of bone fracture and affect bone biomarkers such as ALP, calcium and phosphate in both intact and ovariectomized rats.


Subject(s)
Aromatase Inhibitors/pharmacology , Bone and Bones/drug effects , Femoral Fractures/chemically induced , Nitriles/pharmacology , Triazoles/pharmacology , Alkaline Phosphatase/blood , Animals , Biomarkers/blood , Biomechanical Phenomena/drug effects , Calcium/blood , Estradiol/pharmacology , Female , Letrozole , Ovariectomy , Phosphates/blood , Rats , Rats, Sprague-Dawley
6.
J Physiol Biochem ; 65(4): 339-44, 2009 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20358346

ABSTRACT

Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) is a natural product with potent anti-inflammatory, antitumor, and antioxidant activities, and attenuates inflammation and lipid peroxidation. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of CAPE on iron-induced liver damage. Rats were divided into four groups and treated for 7 days with saline (control group), 10 micromol kg CAPE/day s.c. (CAPE group), 50 mg iron-dextran/kg i.p. (IRON group) and CAPE and iron at the same time (IRON+CAPE group). Seven days later, rats were killed and the livers were excised for biochemical analysis. The administration of IRON alone resulted in higher myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and lipid peroxidation than in the control and CAPE treatment prevented the increase in MPO activity and malondialdeyde (MDA) level. No differences were observed in all four groups with regards to superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and catalase (CAT) activities. Our results collectively suggest that CAPE may be an available agent to protect the liver from injury via inhibition of MPO activity.


Subject(s)
Caffeic Acids/pharmacology , Iron/metabolism , Liver/injuries , Phenylethyl Alcohol/analogs & derivatives , Animals , Anti-Infective Agents/pharmacology , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/pharmacology , Catalase/metabolism , Dextrans/pharmacology , Female , Glutathione Peroxidase/metabolism , Iron/pharmacology , Lipid Peroxidation , Liver/drug effects , Liver/pathology , Oxidative Stress , Peroxidase/metabolism , Phenylethyl Alcohol/pharmacology , Rats , Superoxide Dismutase/metabolism
7.
Neuroscience ; 151(1): 186-94, 2008 Jan 02.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18061360

ABSTRACT

We have investigated effects of letrozole, an aromatase inhibitor, on spatial learning and memory, expression of neural cell adhesion molecules (NCAM) and catecholaminergic neurotransmitters in the hippocampus and cortex of female rats. In the intact model, adult Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups (n=8). Control received saline alone. Letrozole was administered to the animals in the second and third groups by daily oral gavage at 0.2 and 1 mg/kg doses, respectively, for 6 weeks. Another group of letrozole-treated rats was allowed to recover for 2 weeks. In the second model, 24 rats were ovariectomized (ovx) and the first group served as control. The second group received letrozole (1 mg/kg) for 6 weeks. Ovx rats in the third group were given letrozole (1 microg/kg) plus estradiol (E(2)) (10 microg/rat). At the end, all rats were tested in a spatial version of the Morris water maze. Then they were decapitated and the brains rapidly removed. Catecholamine concentrations were determined by high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. NCAM 180, 140 and 120 isoforms were detected by Western blotting. Uterine weights were significantly reduced by letrozole in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.01) which returned to control values following 2 weeks of recovery (P<0.05). Serum E(2) levels followed a similar course (P<0.01). Although improvement in spatial learning performance of letrozole-treated rats was not statistically significant, the high-dose letrozole-treated group remained significantly longer in the target quadrant compared with the control (P<0.05). Administration of letrozole to ovx animals significantly reduced the latency (P<0.001) and increased the probe trial performance compared with ovx controls (P<0.05). Letrozole increased expression of NCAM 180 and NCAM 140 in both hippocampus and cortex of intact rats. In the cortex samples of ovx animals, NCAM 180 was overall lower than the intact control values (P<0.05). Noradrenaline, dopamine and their metabolites were decreased in the hippocampus of the letrozole-treated group (P<0.01). Letrozole had differential effects on noradrenaline and dopamine content in the cortex. It appears that inhibition of estrogen synthesis in the brain may have beneficial effects on spatial memory. We suggest that structural changes such as NCAM expression and catecholaminergic neurotransmitters in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex may be the neural basis for estrogen-dependent alterations in cognitive functions.


Subject(s)
Aromatase Inhibitors/pharmacology , Catecholamines/physiology , Cerebral Cortex/drug effects , Hippocampus/drug effects , Learning/drug effects , Memory/drug effects , Neural Cell Adhesion Molecules/biosynthesis , Neurotransmitter Agents/metabolism , Nitriles/pharmacology , Parasympathetic Nervous System/drug effects , Space Perception/drug effects , Triazoles/pharmacology , Animals , Blotting, Western , Cerebral Cortex/metabolism , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Densitometry , Dopamine/metabolism , Electrochemistry , Estradiol/pharmacology , Female , Hippocampus/metabolism , Letrozole , Maze Learning/drug effects , Norepinephrine/metabolism , Organ Size/drug effects , Ovariectomy , Ovary/drug effects , Rats , Uterus/drug effects , Weight Gain/drug effects
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL
...