ABSTRACT
AIM: The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of obesity in a non selected cohort of adult subjects living in eastern Sicily. METHODS: Out of 2 296 examined subjects, 834 (36.3%) were affected by obesity. Of these, only 160 (19.1%) were affected by obesity alone while 674 (80.9%) showed other associated pathologies. RESULTS: The prevalence of arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hepatic steatosis, hyperdyslipidemia and renal failure was significantly higher (P = 0.000) than in a control group of non-obese subjects comparable for sex and age. CONCLUSIONS: In a large part of obese patients, the presence of insulin resistance was observed suggesting that this alteration can play a pivotal role in the development of some important metabolic and cardiovascular complications related to obesity.
Subject(s)
Obesity/epidemiology , Age Factors , Body Mass Index , Chi-Square Distribution , Cohort Studies , Comorbidity , Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiology , Fatty Liver/epidemiology , Female , Humans , Hyperlipidemias/epidemiology , Hypertension/epidemiology , Insulin Resistance , Italy/epidemiology , Male , Middle Aged , Obesity/complications , Obesity/physiopathology , Prevalence , Renal Insufficiency/epidemiology , Sex FactorsABSTRACT
1. Nilemycin (NM) is found to exert an inhibitory effect on the mouse tumor Sarcoma 180 near toxic doses but not with Leukemia 1210. 2. In Yoshida rat sarcoma cells NM inhibits cellular de novo nucleic acid synthesis and protein to a much lesser extent. 3. More than 50% inhibition by NM to de novo synthesis of RNA, in a system using calf thymus DNA as a template, could be observed. 4. Suitable levels of NM reduce the S values of DNA. 5. The antibiotic induced metachromatic changes in the u.v. spectrum of DNA solutions. 6. NM markedly inhibited the polynucleotide ligase repairing action on DNase-1-nicked DNA. 7. It is presumed that NM intercalates nicked DNA into such a configuration that the reactive sites of the polynucleotides are inaccessible to the ligase activities.
Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents , DNA/metabolism , Intercalating Agents , Peptides/pharmacology , Animals , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Leukemia L1210/drug therapy , Mice , Polynucleotide Ligases/antagonists & inhibitors , RNA/biosynthesis , Rats , Sarcoma 180/drug therapy , Sarcoma, Yoshida/drug therapyABSTRACT
Polychlorosubtilin (PCS) inhibits the growth of Escherichia coli. The antibiotic affected neither respiration nor glycolysis while the synthesis of nucleic acids and proteins were feebly hindered. Formation of aminoacyl-tRNA, peptide bonds and translocation from A to P sites of ribosomes were insignificantly influenced by the drug. The antibiotic exerted its effect(s) on ribosomes by interfering with the 30 S subunits. The 23 S and 30 SP were both sensitive to the drug but the latter was more obviously affected. Changes after developing resistance to the drug by the bacteria were localized in the 30 SP, 23 S and accordingly the 30 S subunits. The principal action of PCS was to cause multisited miscoding upon the incorporation of labeled aminoacyl-tRNA, therefore, malformed protein fractions (abnormal) were synthesized. As a natural consequence such abnormal fractions would not be expected to manifest the vital metabolic activities in the normal way.
Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Peptides, Cyclic/pharmacology , Peptides , Amino Acids/metabolism , Bacterial Proteins/biosynthesis , DNA, Bacterial/biosynthesis , Escherichia coli/drug effects , Escherichia coli/growth & development , Escherichia coli/metabolism , RNA, Bacterial/biosynthesisABSTRACT
Staphcoccomycin (SCM) is a new member of the basic macrolide family of antibiotics which was isolated from the fermentation broth of Streptomyces sp. AS-NG 16. The production, purification and determination of physical and chemical properties of this novel metabolite have been completed. Comparison of the mass fragmentation patterns of SCM and its peracetate with those of angolamycin peracetate suggested a des-mycarosyl derivative of angolamycin. Moreover, the molecular ion peak (m/e 771) corresponded to C39H65NO14 and the 1H-NMR of SCM was also consistent with the proposed structure.
