ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: KSA has the highest prevalence of diabetes mellitus among Middle Eastern countries with a prevalence range of 21%-24%. Gestational diabetes (GDM) is a well-known risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). GDM is associated with a 7-fold increased risk of T2DM. Thus, this research assessed the prevalence and risk factors associated with the development T2DM in a cohort of patients with GDM in KSA. METHODS: The medical records of patients with GDM who visited the outpatient clinics of a tertiary care hospital from 2011 to 2014 were included in this study. Patients with a prior diagnosis of diabetes mellitus before pregnancy and those with GDM who did not have postpartum diabetes screening were excluded. RESULTS: A total of 123 women with GDM and underwent postpartum diabetes screening, 82 (67%) developed T2DM based on follow-up records. Approximately 45% (37/82) of patients who developed T2DM were screened ≤6 months after delivery, whereas 55%(45/82) were screened >6 months after delivery. Older patients, patients who had a higher number of pregnancies (gravidity and parity), and patients with previous GDM were more likely to develop T2DM. CONCLUSION: In KSA, women who developed GDM, particularly those who are older, multigravid, and multiparous and who have a prior history of GDM, are at an increased risk of developing T2DM. Postpartum diabetes screening of patients with GDM within the recommended period need to be improved.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the potential protective effect of resveratrol (RES) on aluminum chloride (AlCl3)-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. METHODS: This experimental study was conducted from April to June 2015 at the Medical College of King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The experiments were performed on 24 male Wistar rats. The rats were randomly allocated into 4 groups; 1) group A: control rats received only normal saline, 2) group B: received RES dissolved in normal saline, 3) group C: model group and received AlCl3 dissolved in normal saline and 4) group D: RES treated group and received concomitant doses of RES+AlCl3. All treatments were administered for consecutive 40 days. After 40 days of treatments, kidney function tests, oxidative stress parameters and histopathological assay were evaluated. RESULTS: all findings clearly showed significant deteriorations in kidney function and architectures after AlCl3 exposure. This was accompanied by increased renal oxidative stress and inflammation suggesting strong pro-oxidant activity of AlCl3 in spite of its non-redox status. Resveratrol co-treatment with AlCl3 to the rats showed significant improvement in all biochemical and histological parameters related to kidney function and structure. CONCLUSION: The findings of the current study showed that RES pre-administration to rats ameliorates renal damage and improves renal function in AlCl3 intoxicated rats in a mechanism related to its antioxidant potential.
