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Saudi J Gastroenterol ; 23(3): 190-198, 2017.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28611343

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The ideal end point of treatment for chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is sustained off-therapy hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) loss with or even without seroconversion to anti-HBs. We investigated the role of adding PEGylated interferon (PEG IFN) to ongoing tenofovir treatment in chronic HBV patients for achieving HBsAg clearance. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In this randomized controlled trial, chronic HBV patients who have been receiving tenofovir for >6 months with HBV viral load <2000 IU/ml were randomized into two groups. One group (add-on therapy) was given subcutaneous PEG IFN 180 mcg weekly for 12 months in addition to tenofovir. Patients in the other group received only tenofovir 300 mg orally on a daily basis. Patients in both groups were followed up for a total of two years, and patients in both groups were given tenofovir 300 mg daily indefinitely until they developed HBsAg clearance. RESULTS: Twenty-three patients were allocated to the PEG IFN and tenofovir (add-on therapy) group, and another 25 patients were recruited to the tenofovir monotherapy group. Before randomization, patients had received tenofovir for 1135 mean days (range203 to 1542 days). One patient (4.3%) in add-on therapy lost HBsAg and seroconverted. Within two years, mean HBsAg decreased significantly with add-on therapy (from 4753 IU/ml to 2402; P= 0.03); and it decreased from 5957 IU/ml to 4198; P= 0.09 in tenofovir monotherapy group. More patients in the add-on group developed serious side effects, with treatment discontinuation, and dose reductions (P = 0.3). CONCLUSION: PEG IFN and tenofovir add-on therapy was successful in achieving HBsAg clearance and seroconversion in 4.3% of the patients. Add-on therapy patients had a significant decrease in HBsAg levels in two years; and no significant decrease in HBsAg levels with the tenofovir monotherapy. With no significant HBsAg clearance, the utility of this combination regimen is questionable.


Subject(s)
Hepatitis B Surface Antigens/drug effects , Hepatitis B, Chronic/drug therapy , Interferon-alpha/therapeutic use , Polyethylene Glycols/therapeutic use , Tenofovir/therapeutic use , Adult , Antiviral Agents/administration & dosage , Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use , DNA, Viral/blood , Drug Therapy, Combination/adverse effects , Drug Therapy, Combination/methods , Female , Hepatitis B Antibodies/blood , Hepatitis B Antibodies/immunology , Hepatitis B Surface Antigens/blood , Humans , Injections, Subcutaneous , Interferon-alpha/administration & dosage , Male , Middle Aged , Polyethylene Glycols/administration & dosage , Recombinant Proteins/administration & dosage , Recombinant Proteins/therapeutic use , Tenofovir/administration & dosage , Viral Load/drug effects
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