ABSTRACT
We carried out a validity assessment study for glaucoma screening procedures used during the survey conducted in Oman in 2005 on 6644 eyes in 3324 people > or = 30 years. Ocular pressure and fundus changes were the screening parameters used: glaucoma was found in 433 eyes. Sensitivity for ocular pressure was 49.7% and specificity 95.6%. For optic disc changes, sensitivity was 48.4% and specificity 97.9%. Combining both through parallel testing, sensitivity improved to 67.3% and specificity to 96.5%. An eye may, thus, be declared as not having glaucoma, but cannot be labelled as having glaucoma, using these parameters.
Subject(s)
Glaucoma/diagnosis , Ophthalmoscopy , Vision Screening , Cross-Sectional Studies , Glaucoma/epidemiology , Health Surveys , Humans , Intraocular Pressure , Oman/epidemiology , Ophthalmoscopy/methods , Ophthalmoscopy/standards , Population Surveillance , Predictive Value of Tests , Sensitivity and Specificity , Tonometry, Ocular/methods , Tonometry, Ocular/standards , Vision Screening/methods , Vision Screening/standardsABSTRACT
This community-based study was carried out to estimate the prevalence and identify the determinants of glaucoma in the Omani population in 2005-06. Residents of 75 randomly selected houses in 25 clusters participated in the survey. We interviewed and examined 3324 individuals aged > or = 30 years in their homes and in eye clinics to note personal details, glaucoma status and presence of selected risk factors: 180 were diagnosed as having glaucoma. Projected prevalence of glaucoma among the Omani population > or = 30 years was 4.75%. Open angle and angle closure types of glaucoma contributed 40.6% and 37.8% respectively. History of hypertension was negatively, and older age and family history of glaucoma were positively, associated with glaucoma.
Subject(s)
Glaucoma/epidemiology , Glaucoma/etiology , Adult , Age Distribution , Aged , Analysis of Variance , Blindness/epidemiology , Blindness/etiology , Chi-Square Distribution , Female , Genetic Predisposition to Disease/epidemiology , Glaucoma/classification , Glaucoma/diagnosis , Health Services Needs and Demand , Humans , Logistic Models , Male , Middle Aged , Oman/epidemiology , Population Surveillance , Prevalence , Public Health , Residence Characteristics , Risk Factors , Sex Distribution , Surveys and Questionnaires , Vision ScreeningABSTRACT
We carried out a validity assessment study for glaucoma screening procedures used during the survey conducted in Oman in 2005 on 6644 eyes in 3324 people >/= 30 years. Ocular pressure and fundus changes were the screening parameters used: glaucoma was found in 433 eyes. Sensitivity for ocular pressure was 49.7% and specificity 95.6%. For optic disc changes, sensitivity was 48.4% and specificity 97.9%. Combining both through parallel testing, sensitivity improved to 67.3% and specificity to 96.5%. An eye may, thus, be declared as not having glaucoma, but cannot be labelled as having glaucoma, using these parameters
Subject(s)
Mass Screening , Health Surveys , Intraocular Pressure , Sensitivity and Specificity , Optic Disk , Cross-Sectional Studies , GlaucomaABSTRACT
This community-based study was carried out to estimate the prevalence and identify the determinants of glaucoma in the Omani population in 2005-06. Residents of 75 randomly selected houses in 25 clusters participated in the survey. We interviewed and examined 3324 individuals aged >/= 30 years in their homes and in eye clinics to note personal details, glaucoma status and presence of selected risk factors: 180 were diagnosed as having glaucoma. Projected prevalence of glaucoma among the Omani population >/= 30 years was 4.75%. Open angle and angle closure types of glaucoma contributed 40.6% and 37.8% respectively. History of hypertension was negatively, and older age and family history of glaucoma were positively, associated with glaucoma
Subject(s)
Glaucoma , Prevalence , Risk Factors , Age Factors , Cross-Sectional Studies , Health Surveys , Mass ScreeningABSTRACT
The study was a prospective evaluation of the prevalence of distichiasis and/or dysplastic eyelashes among trachomatous trichiasis cases at the oculoplasty unit of a hospital in Oman over 3 months in 2000. An oculoplasty surgeon examined and photographed cases using a bio-microscope. Out of 80 cases, 58 (72.5%) had abnormal eyelashes in addition to trachomatous trichiasis. The rate of distichiasis and dysplastic lashes were 13.8% (95% CI 6.2%-21.3%) and 33.8% (95% CI 23.5%-44.1%) respectively; 25.0% (95% CI 15.5%-34.5%) had both. Dysplastic and distichiasis eyelashes were significantly more prevalent in trachomatous trichiasis cases aged < 50 years and those with entropion. Presence of distichiasis and/or dysplastic eyelashes in trachomatous trichiasis cases warrants further analytical studies to confirm the observation and establish any causal association.
Subject(s)
Eyelashes/pathology , Eyelid Diseases/epidemiology , Eyelid Diseases/microbiology , Trachoma/complications , Adult , Age Distribution , Causality , Consanguinity , Endemic Diseases/statistics & numerical data , Entropion/microbiology , Eyelid Diseases/pathology , Eyelid Diseases/surgery , Female , Humans , Laser Therapy , Male , Middle Aged , Oman/epidemiology , Population Surveillance , Prevalence , Prospective Studies , Severity of Illness Index , Sex Distribution , Trachoma/epidemiology , Trachoma/geneticsABSTRACT
The study was a prospective evaluation of the prevalence of distichiasis and /or dysplastic eyelashes among trachomatous trichiasis cases at the oculoplasty unit of a hospital in Oman over 3 months in 2000. An oculoplasty surgeon examined and photographed cases using a bio-microscope. Out of 80 cases, 58 [72.5%] had abnormal eyelashes in addition to trachomatous trichiasis. The rate of distichiasis and dysplastic lashes were 13.8% [95% CI 6.2%-21.3%] and 33.8% [95% CI 23.5%-44.1%] respectively; 25.0% [95% CI 15.5%-34.5%] had both. Dysplastic and distichiasis eyelashes were significantly more prevalent in trachomatous trichiasis cases aged < 50 years and those with entropion. Presence of distichiasis and /or dysplastic eyelashes in trachomatous trichiasis cases warrants further analytical studies to confirm the observation and establish any causal association
Subject(s)
Age Distribution , Causality , Consanguinity , Endemic Diseases , Entropion , Laser Therapy , Population Surveillance , EyelashesABSTRACT
The magnitude of diabetic retinopathy, its determinants, and coverage of laser treatment for diabetic retinopathy among registered people with diabetes in Oman are presented. 2249 randomly selected subjects representing 5564 registered diabetics were examined. WHO recommended definitions of diabetes, retinopathy, and other related conditions were used. Physicians reported the profile of the diabetes while ophthalmologists reported ocular profile and the eye care provided to them. The prevalence of diabetic retinopathy was 14.39% (95% CI 13.46 to 15.31). Men had significantly higher rate of retinopathy than women. The retinopathy rate was higher in age groups 50-59 years and 60-69 years. The rates of background retinopathy, proliferative retinopathy, and diabetic maculopathy were 8.65%, 2.66%, and 5.12%, respectively. The rate was higher among subjects with longer duration of diabetes than those with a shorter duration. Those with an HbA(1c) level more than 9% had significantly higher rates of diabetic retinopathy than those with an HbA(1c) level less than 9%. The retinopathy rate was higher in cases with hypertension, nephropathy, and neuropathy. Of those with diabetic retinopathy who were advised to have treatment at the time of registration, only 20% were treated with laser therapy.
