ABSTRACT
Background and objective Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD), which affects 1.7% to 2.4% of people worldwide, is usually encountered for the first time by nonpsychiatric physicians. Up to 37% of cases have been documented in dermatology clinics. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of BDD among Saudis attending dermatology clinics because the literature is lacking in this field, especially in the Eastern Province. Methods This is a cross-sectional study, conducted in 2023. A total of 412 Saudi Eastern Province residents, aged 18 years and older, were included in the study and given a self-administered web-based questionnaire. The study uses the Body Dysmorphic Disorder Questionnaire as one of its three primary measurements, together with sociodemographic data, and dermatological and previous psychological histories. Results A total of 412 participants were enrolled in this study. Of the total sample, 64.5% had more than one skin condition, with the rest having only one one. The most received cosmetic treatment in this study was topical agents. It was estimated that the prevalence of BDD is 9.5% among the studied population. However, it was found that there are no significantly associated factors with the prevalence of BDD. Conclusions This study reports a prevalence of 9.5% among people visiting dermatological clinics. The prevalence is alarming, which emphasizes the importance of enhancing the awareness of BDD among dermatologists and developing certain guidelines to identify and refer these patients to mental health professionals.
ABSTRACT
Background Digital eye strain (DES) or computer vision syndrome (CVS) manifests as eye fatigue caused by prolonged exposure to screens and exaggerated by some attitudes. Online education plays a crucial role in helping schools, instructors, and universities ensure the continuity of the education process during the COVID-19 pandemic. There is a lack of attention given to the effects of online teaching on teachers' eyes health during the pandemic and is nearly nonexistent. Hence, we aim to evaluate this among teachers in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. Methodology A cross-sectional electronic self-administered questionnaire was distributed through social media applications among teachers in the eastern province of Saudi Arabia. The survey contained three main parts: biographical data, educational status, and eye health scale before and during the pandemic. All statistical analysis was done using IBM SPSS version 22 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY). Results A total sample of 301 teachers was identified with ages ranging from 22 to 60 years, the majority were female (75.4%). Twenty-four point nine percent (24.9%) of the sample have a chronic disease, and 17.3% had previous LASIK surgery. Twenty-four point nine percent (24.9%) spent two to five hours teaching before the pandemic versus 60.8% with online education during the pandemic spent two to five hours daily. Fifty-two point eight percent (52.8%) of the teachers kept the distance between them and the digital screen at less than 50 cm. Eighty-one point four percent (81.4%) of teachers reported severe to moderate effects of online teaching using a computer/tablet/phone on their eye health. Fifty-two point two percent (52.2%) reported headache. Conclusion There is an obvious negative effect reflected by subjects' symptomatology and complaints in their eyes. This should prompt health authorities to provide better teaching equipment and accessibility to essential eye care to teachers.
