ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: To evaluate the quality of life (QoL) measures of caregivers of children with glaucoma using the Caregiver's Congenital Glaucoma Quality of Life (CarCGQoL) questionnaire. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study undertaken at King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. QoL of the caregivers, the main outcome, was assessed using the 20-item CarCGQoL questionnaire. Raw QoL scores of caregivers were converted to Rasch-calibrated interval level scores. A multiple linear regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with caregivers' QoL. RESULTS: Eighty-five caregivers (46 fathers and 39 mothers) aged 42.5±7.5 years were included in the study. The mean QoL score of caregivers was 0.63 (±1.05). The presence of additional children with glaucoma in the household had the strongest negative relationship with caregivers' QoL [ß=-0.75, 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.22, -0.27; P=0.003]. A poor QoL was noted with mother caregivers (ß=-0.46, 95% CI: -0.87, -0.04; P=0.031) and those caring for blind children (vision <20/200 in the better eye) (ß=-0.52, 95% CI: -0.98,-0.05; P=0.030) when compared with their reference groups. A 22.3% variance in the QoL score was explained by these three factors (adjusted R=0.223). CONCLUSIONS: The QoL of caregivers of children with glaucoma was poor. Caregiver's relation to patients, additional children with glaucoma in the family and patient's vision in the better eye could influence a caregiver's QoL. Periodic evaluation of QoL of caregivers is recommended to plan counseling and other support services.
Subject(s)
Arabs/psychology , Caregivers/psychology , Hydrophthalmos/psychology , Quality of Life/psychology , Adolescent , Adult , Child , Child, Preschool , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Hydrophthalmos/ethnology , Infant , Intraocular Pressure/physiology , Male , Middle Aged , Regression Analysis , Saudi Arabia/epidemiology , Sickness Impact Profile , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of glaucoma and its management on the functional visual ability (FVA) and the vision-related quality of life (VR QoL) in children 8-18 years of age. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. METHODS: FVA was assessed using the Cardiff Visual Ability Questionnaire for Children (CVAQC) and VR QoL was assessed using the Impact of Vision Impairment for Children (IVI_C) tool. RESULTS: Eighty-five children 8-18 years of age were interviewed at King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital (KKESH), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Scores for FVA and VR QoL were decreased in children with glaucoma: median of CVAQC scores, -0.68 (interquartile range [IQR], -1.27 to 0.19; range, -3.00 higher visual ability to +2.80 lower visual ability); IVI_C mean score, 55.3 (standard deviation, 13.0; normal VR QoL, 96). Factors associated with significantly lower FVA and VR QoL included, lower best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) (P < .0001 for both FVA and VR QoL), bilateral glaucoma (P = .04 for in FVA and P = .009 in VR QoL), and 3 or more glaucoma surgeries (P < .001 for both FVA and VR QoL). CONCLUSION: FVA and VR QoL as perceived by children with glaucoma are reduced. Children with lower BCVA, those with bilateral glaucoma, and those who had undergone 3 or more glaucoma surgeries had significantly lower FVA and VR QoL. Improving the QoL with psychosocial involvement and visual rehabilitation by the use of low-vision aids among children with glaucoma should be included in the treatment plan in addition to medical and surgical treatment.
Subject(s)
Hydrophthalmos/physiopathology , Hydrophthalmos/psychology , Quality of Life/psychology , Vision Disorders/physiopathology , Vision Disorders/psychology , Visual Acuity/physiology , Adolescent , Child , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Hydrophthalmos/diagnosis , Intraocular Pressure , Male , Saudi Arabia , Sickness Impact Profile , Surveys and Questionnaires , Vision Disorders/diagnosis , Visually Impaired PersonsABSTRACT
Retrobulbar hemorrhage can be associated with periorbital surgeries or injections. However, it is rarely associated with strabismus surgery. We report a case of immediate unilateral retrobulbar hemorrhage in a child after strabismus surgery. The case was managed with urgent canthotomy and cantholysis to avoid excessive tension over ocular and periocular structures including the optic nerve.
