Management of 2 teeth diagnosed with dens invaginatus with regenerative endodontics and apexification in the same patient: a case report and review.

INTRODUCTION: This review and case report present the treatment of a 10-year-old boy with both permanent maxillary lateral incisors demonstrating Oehlers type II dens invaginatus and pulpal involvement. Treatment was complicated by dental anxiety, supraventricular tachycardia, immature tooth development, and facial cellulitis. METHODS: An infected necrotic pulp of the permanent maxillary left lateral incisor was treated by apexification and endodontic treatment with mineral trioxide aggregate. The necrotic pulp of the permanent maxillary right lateral incisor was treated with canal debridement and dressing under general anesthesia. RESULTS: Periapical healing of both teeth occurred, with the right lateral incisor showing continued root growth, thickening of the dentinal root walls, and completed apex formation. This tooth responded normally to pulp testing. Twenty-eight months after initial treatment, the right lateral incisor displayed progressive sclerosis of the canal. CONCLUSIONS: This case demonstrates possible pulpal regeneration of an infected maxillary right lateral incisor with dens invaginatus and an immature apex after minimal canal debridement.

Study of the elution of fluconazole from a self-polymerizing acrylic resin and its activity against resistant Candida albicans.

The study aimed, firstly, to monitor the release of an antifungal drug, fluconazole, from a self-polymerizing poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) denture base resin in artificial saliva and comparing it with the release in water; and secondly, to investigate the effect of the released drug on the growth of resistant and standard strains of Candida albicans. A high-performance liquid chromatography-ultra-violet (HPLC-UV) method was used in the analysis of the released eluates into distilled water from self-polymerized PMMA discs doped with the 10% fluconazole antifungal drug. The efficacy of the released drug against resistant and standard strains of C. albicans was monitored, using agar diffusion method. The results showed that fluconazole, can be successfully incorporated with the self-polymerized PMMA. The findings suggest that the drug leaches steadily out of the PMMA resin into artificial saliva and distilled water at mouth temperature and that sustained drug release continued throughout the 28 days test period. It was shown that the released drug demonstrated antifungal activity against both standard and resistant C. albicans. The findings of this investigation have a clinical value in terms of their significant contribution to the treatment of fungal infections of the oral cavity. The sustained release of antifungal drug from the PMMA resin clearly constitutes a new dosage form of the drug via the poly(methyl methacrylate) delivery system.

A new form of intraoral delivery of antifungal drugs for the treatment of denture-induced oral candidosis.

OBJECTIVES: To monitor the release of the antifungal drugs Fluconazole, Chlorhexidine and a combination of the two from an auto-polymerized poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) denture base resin; and to investigate the effect of the released drugs upon the growth of Candida albicans. METHODS: A high performance liquid chromatography-Ultra violet (HPLC-UV) method was used in the analysis of the released drugs into distilled water from PMMA discs doped with the antifungal drugs Fluconazole (10%), Chlorhexidine (10%) and a combination of the two drugs (5% each). The antifungal efficacy of the released drugs was monitored, microbiologically, employing "well" technique on a Saborauds culture medium inoculated with a resistant strain of Candida albicans. RESULTS: It was shown that Fluconazole, Chlorhexidine and the combination of the two drugs can be successfully incorporated with PMMA. It was found that the drugs leach steadily out of the PMMA resin into distilled water at mouth temperature and that sustained drug release continued throughout the 28 days test period. It was also shown that the released drugs demonstrated an antifungal activity against the resistant Candida albicans and this was most remarkable in the combined drugs samples. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this investigation have a clinical value in terms of their significant contribution to the treatment of fungal infections of the oral cavity. The sustained release of anti-fungal drugs from the PMMA resin clearly constitutes a new dosage form of these drugs via the poly (methyl methacrylate) delivery system.

Burnout among the clinical dental students in the jordanian universities.

BACKGROUND: The study aimed to evaluate the level of burnout among the clinical dental students in two Jordanian universities. METHODS: A total of 307 students from the two schools were surveyed using Maslach Burnout Inventory survey. Scores for the inventory's subscales were calculated and the mean values for the students' groups were computed separately. Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests were carried out and the results were compared at 95% confidence level. RESULTS: The results showed that the dental students in both Jordanian universities suffered high levels of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization compared to reported levels for dental students in other countries. The dental students of the University of Jordan demonstrated a significantly higher (p < 0.05) level of emotional exhaustion than their counterparts in the Jordan University of Science and Technology. CONCLUSIONS: The findings indicated that dental students in the Jordanian universities presented considerable degrees of burnout manifested by high levels of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization. Studies targeting students health and psychology should be carried out to determine the causes of burnout among dental students. The curricula of the dental schools in the two universities should be accordingly improved to minimize burnout among the students. KEYWORDS: Burnout; Emotional exhaustion; Depersonalization; Personal accomplishment; Maslach Burnout Inventory.

Health status of the clinical dental students in the jordanian universities.

BACKGROUND: Dental students are subjected to many stresses that may affect their achievement. The purpose of this study is to assess the mental and physical health of dental students in two Jordanian Universities. METHODS: A total of 265 dental students and 228 non-dental students from two Jordanian Universities participated in the study. They completed the survey questionnaire and their responses were used in calculating the 0-100 scores for the eight health concepts by linear transformations of scores. The ANOVA test was used to determine the significant differences among the student groups, and Tukey test was used for multiple comparisons among groups. All tests were carried out at 95% confidence level. RESULTS: The results indicated that the dental students of the Jordan University of Science and Technology were of better health than their counterparts at the University of Jordan. The health scores attained by the dental students of the two universities were less than those of non-dental students of the same age. CONCLUSIONS: The physical and more significantly the mental health components of dental students should receive more attention, and further work is needed to detect the possible causes and find potent remedies for this problem. KEYWORDS: Health survey; Clinical students; Physical functioning; Mental health; Social functioning.

The effects of disinfectants on dimensional accuracy and surface quality of impression materials and gypsum casts.

BACKGROUND: The study aimed to evaluating the effect of disinfecting impression materials on the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the resulting casts. METHODS: Impressions of a steel die constructed according to ANSI/ADA specification No.18 were made with each of alginate, addition cured silicone, condensation cured silicone and zinc oxide eugenol paste, and disinfected consequently by each of 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate, 1% sodium hypochlorite, 2% gluteraldehyde for 5 minutes, and 0.5% sodium hypochlorite for 10 minutes. Dimensions of the disinfected impressions and their resultant casts were measured using a computerized digital caliper, and the dimensional changes were calculated. Reproduction of detail and surface quality of the resultant casts were assessed by grading casts surfaces according to a specific scoring system. RESULTS: The 0.5% sodium hypochlorite was found to produce the least dimensional changes in all the impression materials. Corsodyl produced the maximum changes in both alginate and zinc-oxide eugenol while addition-cured silicon was most affected by Gluteraldehyde and condensation-cured silicon was most affected by Hexana. The dimensional changes, however, were minimal and clinically insignificant. Addition-cured silicon showed the best surface quality and dimensional stability followed by condensation-cured silicon. Alginate and zinc-oxide eugenol had poorer surface quality and were affected to a higher extent by the disinfection procedures. CONCLUSIONS: The results were comparable with the standard specifications for dimensional stability. Recommendations were made for the use of 10 minutes immersion in 0.5% sodium hypochlorite as the most appropriate disinfection protocol to the investigated impression materials. KEYWORDS: Disinfectants; Gypsum casts; Impressions; Alginate; Addition-cured silicone; Sodium hypochlorite.