Total, insoluble and soluble dietary fiber contents of selected Kuwaiti composite dishes.

Total dietary fiber (TDF), insoluble dietary fiber (IDF) and soluble dietary fiber (SDF) contents of 37 composite dishes commonly consumed in the State of Kuwait were determined by the AOAC enzymatic-gravimetric method of Prosky et al. Levels (g/100 g) of SDF ranged over 0.3-0.5 in fish-based dishes, 0.3-2.6 in meat-based dishes, 0.1-1.4 in rice dishes, 3.2-4.6 in vegetable dishes, 0.3-0.7 in soup dishes, 0 in dairy dishes, 0.7-0.8 in sandwiches, and 0.1-5.0 in sweet dishes. IDF levels ranged over 1.1-1.8 in fish-based, 0.9-3.2 in meat-based, 0.6-2.7 in rice, 2.1-4.0 in vegetables, 0.6-3.4 in soup, 0 in dairy, 0.2-0.3 in sandwiches, and 0.2-11.6 in sweets. TDF values ranged over 1.4-2.3 in fish-based, 1.2-3.7 in meat-based, 0.3-4.1 in rice, 3.2-4.6 in vegetables, 0.9-3.8 in soup, 0 in dairy, 0.7-0.8 in sandwiches and 0.3-15.4 in sweets. This work attempts to provide new data on TDF, IDF and SDF of selected commonly consumed Kuwaiti composite dishes.

Twenty-four-hour intravenous and oral tracer studies with L-[1-13C]-2-aminoadipic acid and L-[1-13C]lysine as tracers at generous nitrogen and lysine intakes in healthy adults.

BACKGROUND: This is a continuation of investigations of the relations between amino acid kinetics and amino acid dietary requirements in healthy adults. OBJECTIVE: The aim was to investigate the 24-h pattern and rate of the metabolism of an L-[1-13C]-2-aminoadipic acid ([13C]AAA) tracer and of whole-body L-[1-13C]lysine ([13C]lysine) oxidation and balance in healthy, young adults receiving a generous intake of lysine. DESIGN: Thirteen healthy adults were given an adequate, L-amino acid-based diet supplying 77 mg lysine x kg(-1) x d(-1) for 6 d before the tracer studies. Two subjects received [13C]AAA intravenously and 2 received it orally; 3 subjects received [13C]lysine intravenously and 6 received it orally. We measured 13CO2 output, plasma [13C]AAA and [13C]lysine enrichment, and urinary [13C]AAA. RESULTS: [13C]AAA oxidation was estimated to be higher after the orally administered than after the intravenously administer tracer; plasma [13C]AAA was similar to urinary [13C]AAA. Whole-body lysine oxidation showed a rhythm that was induced by meal feeding. The intravenous [13C]lysine tracer gave mean estimates of lysine balances (lysine intake minus oxidation) that apparently were too low (-15.7 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1)) or too high (16.6 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1), P < 0.05 from zero balance) on the basis of urinary [13C]AAA or plasma [13C]lysine estimates of oxidation, respectively. For the orally administered tracer and plasma [13C]lysine enrichment, the mean balance was slightly positive (8.7 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1), P < 0.05 from zero). CONCLUSIONS: Use of urinary [13C]AAA as an index of the enrichment of the precursor pool did not appear to significantly improve the estimate of the fasting and feeding components of daily lysine balance. For estimates of daily, whole-body lysine oxidation, we propose use of plasma [13C]lysine with a 24-h, orally administered tracer protocol.