Urolithiasis-related ureteric intussusception: A rare case report.

Ureteral intussusception is a rare condition that historically occurs as a complication of ureteral neoplasms or iatrogenic endoscopic procedures. Although the exact mechanism of ureteral intussusception is unclear, most reported cases are due to leading points as malignant or benign masses. Urolithiasis related is rarely reported and can be challenging in stone management as it might decrease the spontaneous stone passage rate. In addition, it will increase the complexity of the endoscopic stone management. We present the second reported case of urolithiasis-related ureteric intussusception presented with urosepsis due to obstructive uropathy, successfully managed by an endourological approach.

Migrated Hem-o-lok clip in the bladder: A rare cause of bladder stone for cystolitholapaxy.

The bladder is the most common site of foreign bodies in the urinary tract. Most foreign bodies are self-inserted via the urethra due to exotic impulses, psychometric problems, or sexual curiosity. Here we present a rare case of bladder stones due to the migration of the Heme-o-lok clip. We present a case of a 76-year-old male with hematuria for 4 days. An abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan showed a 15 mm calculus noted in the urinary bladder. The patient underwent cystolitholapaxy which was successful. Foreign bodies inserted in the bladder pose a significant challenge and require timely intervention.

Chemical Composition, Antioxidant, Anti-Bacterial, and Anti-Cancer Activities of Essential Oils Extracted from Citrus limetta Risso Peel Waste Remains after Commercial Use.

Citrus plants are widely utilized for edible purposes and medicinal utility throughout the world. However, because of the higher abundance of the antimicrobial compound D-Limonene, the peel waste cannot be disposed of by biogas production. Therefore, after the extraction of D-Limonene from the peel wastes, it can be easily disposed of. The D-Limonene rich essential oil from the Citrus limetta risso (CLEO) was extracted and evaluated its radical quenching, bactericidal, and cytotoxic properties. The radical quenching properties were DPPH radical scavenging (11.35 ± 0.51 µg/mL) and ABTS scavenging (10.36 ± 0.55 µg/mL). There, we observed a dose-dependent antibacterial potential for the essential oil against pathogenic bacteria. Apart from that, the essential oil also inhibited the biofilm-forming properties of E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. enterica, and S. aureus. Further, cytotoxicity was also exhibited against estrogen receptor-positive (MCF7) cells (IC50: 47.31 ± 3.11 µg/mL) and a triple-negative (MDA-MB-237) cell (IC50: 55.11 ± 4.62 µg/mL). Upon evaluation of the mechanism of action, the toxicity was mediated through an increased level of reactive radicals of oxygen and the subsequent release of cytochrome C, indicative of mitotoxicity. Hence, the D-Limonene rich essential oil of C. limetta is useful as a strong antibacterial and cytotoxic agent; the antioxidant properties exhibited also increase its utility value.

Analysis of the chemical composition of root essential oil from Indian sarsaparilla (Hemidesmus indicus) and its application as an ecofriendly insecticide and pharmacological agent.

The Indian sarsaparilla (Hemidesmus indicus) is a commonly used plant in Indian traditional medicine of Ayurveda for the preparation of various non-alcoholic beverages. However, limited studies are available on the essential oil of H. indicus roots (HRO); therefore, the study evaluated the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic activities of H. indicus root essential oil as well as insecticide potential against the common pests of stored food materials (Sitophilus oryzae, Callosobruchus maculatus and Tribolium castaneum). The repellant efficacy of HRO was found to be high against S. oryzae (8.21 ± 0.55 µg/mL). Likewise, the fumigant potential was also observed for HRO against these pests; the higher activities were observed against S. oryzae and C. maculatus (32.46 ± 1.42 and 35.18 ± 1.62 µg/L). Besides, the essential oil was also found to be active as a contact poison, however, against all the three pests, the toxicity was above 100 µg/mm3, being the highest against C. maculatus (122.8 ± 3.57 µg/mm3). To analyze the possible effect of the essential oil on grains, the different grains were allowed to germinate and compared to that of normal; thus, the non-toxic nature of HRO against the stored products is also confirmed. The essential oil shown to have DPPH hydrogen peroxide and ABTS radical scavenging, nitric oxide scavenging potential, and inhibition of lipoxgenase, alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase. Overall, the present study concludes that the H. indicus may be a suitable repellant and fumigant agent against different pests of stored products and a possible antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-diabetic agent.

Molecular and phytochemical analysis of wild type and olive cultivars grown under Saudi Arabian environment.

This study aimed to assess genetic variability at molecular and phytochemical levels among the four most commonly grown olive cultivars and the wild-type olive of Saudi Arabia. Sixty-six and 80 amplicons were generated from 9 random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR) primers, each, producing an average of 95.9 and 86.44% polymorphism for the two markers, respectively. The PIC values were 82.2% for the RAPD and 85.4% for the ISSR markers and the discrimination power for both the markers was 11.1%. The UPGMA cluster analysis based on the RAPD and ISSR data resulted in the aggregation of cultivars and wild accession with a good bootstrapping value according to their origin. Furthermore, a total of 199 compounds were identified in the cultivars based on peak area, retention time, and molecular formula using GC-MS analyses of methanolic and ethanolic extracts. These compounds were classified according to their chemical class; most of them were fatty acids, alcoholic compounds, carboxylic acids, aldehydes, heterocyclic compounds, ketones, alkanes, and phenols. Genetic and phytochemical distances were significantly correlated, based on the Mantel test. The Saudi wild accession also had high numbers of fatty acids and their esters, and can be used in breeding programs for generating new genotypes with interesting characters.

Prevalence of erectile dysfunction in male stroke patients, and associated co-morbidities and risk factors.

BACKGROUND: Sexual problems have been a common finding in chronically ill and physically disabled patients such as those with cerebrovascular accidents. Previous studies have supported the association between stroke and erectile dysfunction (ED). OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of ED and its severity in male stroke patients in Qatar and to assess the co-morbidities and risk factors associated with ED. DESIGN: This was a cross-sectional study. SETTING: The study was conducted from January to December 2006 at the Hamad General Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC). SUBJECTS: Eight hundred Qatari and non-Qatari patients 35-75 years of age were invited to participate in this study; 605 patients gave their consent, which was a response rate of 75.6%. METHODS: Face-to-face interviews were based on a questionnaire that included socio-demographic factors. The classification of the type of stroke was made according to the criteria of stroke by the World Health Organization (WHO). All patients completed a second questionnaire addressing their general medical history, type of treatment and co-morbidity with other diseases or risk factors. Sexual function was evaluated with the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF). RESULTS: The mean age of subjects was 56.1+/-9.8 years. Approximately 48.3% of the studied population reported some degree of erectile dysfunction. Of the stroke patients with ED, 36% had severe ED, 32.9% had moderate ED and 31.2% had mild ED. More than half of the stroke patients (59.6%) with ED were in the age group 60-75 years. The prevalence of ED increased with increasing age. The co-morbidities and risk factors were significantly more prominent in ED patients than in those without ED for hypercholesterolemia (P<0.001), diabetes (P=0.002), and hypertension (P=0.031). Medication taken for these diseases also had a significant association with ED. CONCLUSIONS: Our study findings revealed a greater prevalence of ED in stroke patients in the population of Qatar. The most important co-morbid factors for ED in stroke patients were diabetes, hypertension and hypercholesterolemia, and the risk factors were smoking and obesity.

Prevalence of erectile dysfunction among hypertensive and nonhypertensive Qatari men.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of erectile dysfunction, its severity, and other sexual function domains in hypertensive and normotensive Qatari's men and to estimate the association between hypertension and predictors of erectile dysfunction. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A matched case-control study was conducted at the primary health care clinics during a period from May to October 2006. Four hundred twenty-five hypertensive patients and 425 age-matched normotensive attendants of primary health care clinics, aged 30-75 years, were approached for the study. Of them, 296 hypertensive participants (74%) and 298 normotensive men (70.1%) gave their consent to participate in it. The mean age of the hypertensive participants was 54.8+/-11.5 years as compared to nonhypertensive participants with a mean age of 54.5+/-12.1 years. Face-to-face interviews were based on a questionnaire that included variables on age, sociodemographic status, educational level, occupation, cigarette smoking, and blood pressure. Hypertension was defined as mild for systolic blood pressure (SBP) 120-139 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) 80-89 mmHg; moderate for SBP 140-159 mmHg and DBP 90-99 mmHg; and severe for SBP >160 mmHg and DBP >100 mmHg. All patients completed a detailed questionnaire addressing their general medical history, with special emphasis on hypertension (i.e., duration of hypertension, type of treatment, and presence of any complications). Sexual function was evaluated with the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF). RESULTS: Of the 296 hypertensive patients, 196 participants reported erectile dysfunction (66.2%), while among the 298 nonhypertensive participants, only 71 had erectile dysfunction (23.8%). Of the hypertensive participants studied, 25% had severe, 29.1% had moderate, and 12.1% had mild erectile dysfunction. The percentages of various sexual activity domains were highly significant and at higher risk among hypertensive patients than normotensive men (P<0.001). Frequency and severity of erectile dysfunction increased with advancing age. CONCLUSIONS: Our results have shown that the prevalence of erectile dysfunction was significantly higher in Qatari hypertensive men than in normotensive men. Age, level of education, diabetes mellitus, occupation, and duration of hypertension were considered statistically significant predictors of erectile dysfunction. Erectile dysfunction was more common in hypertensive individuals receiving antihypertensive treatment.

Erectile dysfunction among hypertensive men in a rapidly developing country.

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have supported the association between hypertension and erectile dysfunction (ED). In addition, a significant correlation between hypertension in men and ED has been well established. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of ED, its severity and other sexual function domains in hypertensive patients in Qatar. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study conducted between January and December 2006 at the Hamad General Hospital. SUBJECTS: Qatari and nonQatari nationals 25 to 75 years of age were approached to participate in this study, 642 (75.5%) gave their consent. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Qatari and nonQatari men aged 25 to 75 years who gave consent were interviewed face-to-face. Sexual function was evaluated with the International index of erectile function. RESULTS: A total of 642 (75.5%) men responded, mean age of subjects was 57.1 +/- 11.9 years. The prevalence of ED in hypertensive patients was 58.3%. 21.2% of hypertensive men reported severe ED, 20.7% moderate ED and 16.4% mild ED. The comorbidities and risk factors were significantly more prominent in ED patients than in those with normal ED for hypercholesterolemia (P=0.009), diabetes (P=0.022) for hypertriglyceridemia (P=0.033) and myocardial ischemia (P=0.042). CONCLUSIONS: Our results have shown a greater prevalence of ED in the hypertensive men in the population of Qatar. The presence of another risk factor in addition to elevated blood pressure can increase the likelihood of ED.