ABSTRACT
The administration of thyroxine produces a significant increase in the copper, magnesium, iron and zinc contents of liver, with a concomitant decrease of heart iron. Magnesium in heart tissues was also increased. The administration of antithyroid drugs produces a significant decrease in the concentration of the same metals in the liver with concomitant increases in kidney copper and calcium, and in heart magnesium and calcium. Brain magnesium was found to be significantly decreased after antithyroid treatment and increased to a lesser extent after thyroxine administration. Thyroidectomy did not produce an appreciable effect on minerals in various tissues, except heart zinc which was significantly decreased. These findings suggest the involvement of thyroid hormones in tissue mineral metabolism, especially in the liver.
Subject(s)
Minerals/metabolism , Propylthiouracil/pharmacology , Thyroidectomy , Thyroxine/pharmacology , Animals , Calcium/metabolism , Copper/metabolism , Iron/metabolism , Magnesium/metabolism , Male , Rats , Rats, Inbred Strains , Zinc/metabolismABSTRACT
Administration of ambilhar or its N-acetyl derivative to rabbits resulted in a significant increase in urinary iron excretion, due to chelation. Substitution of the sulphur of thiazole by nitrogen abolished its metal chelating power. In vitro three different iron chelates were obtained, containing one or two iron atoms per mole of drug. However, in vivo studies revealed the presence of an ambilhar iron complex in which 6 molecules of the drug were chelated with one iron atom. Reduction is an important factor in the process of metal chelation by the thiazole sulphur of the drug.
Subject(s)
Niridazole/metabolism , Sulfur/metabolism , Animals , Iron/urine , Iron Chelating Agents/metabolism , Nitrogen/metabolism , Rabbits , Spectrophotometry, UltravioletABSTRACT
The effects of administration of ambilhar to guinea pigs intoxicated with lead for one and three weeks were investigated. The results showed that administration of ambilhar to guinea pigs dosed with lead acetate resulted in a significant decrease in the liver content of lead with a concomitant increase in urinary and faecal lead excretion. The rate of lead elimination from the body was found to be dose dependent. The ultra violet studies of ambilhar and its lead soluble complex in vitro supported the possibility that the stimulation of lead excretion results from the formation of lead-ambilhar complex.
Subject(s)
Lead/metabolism , Niridazole/pharmacology , Schistosomicides/pharmacology , Animals , Feces/metabolism , Guinea Pigs , Lead Poisoning/drug therapy , Liver/metabolism , MaleSubject(s)
Thyroglobulin/biosynthesis , Thyroid Diseases/physiopathology , Thyroid Gland/physiopathology , Adenoma/physiopathology , Carcinoma, Papillary/physiopathology , Goiter, Nodular/physiopathology , Humans , In Vitro Techniques , Iodine/pharmacology , Iodoproteins/biosynthesis , Thyroid Gland/physiology , Thyroid Neoplasms/physiopathologyABSTRACT
The effects of Ambilhar (niridazole or nitrothiazole) on the calcium, magnesium and phosphorus contents of various tissues of rabbits were studied. It results in a decrease in the calcium content of bones, liver and muscles. A similar depletion of the magnesium content of brain, blood, liver and muscles was observed. On the other hand, the urinary excretion of calcium and magnesium was increased. These facts indicate that the drug possibly chelates with these divalent cations. This is supported by the ultra violet spectra of the complexes prepared in vitro. The effect of Ambilhar on tissue phosphorus seems to be indirect. The phorphorus contents of both blood and urine are decreased. This could be due to an increased calcium concentration. These findings may explain the toxic effects of Ambilhar on the nervous system.
