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This clinical case report focuses on a case of surgery performed on a patient with the aim of cutting the dental apices in the patient's upper jaw. Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) was used as a filling material, and monitoring the condition showed that the operation was successful.
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INTRODUCTION: The traditional methods of deboning metal brackets exert excessive force, resulting in enamel scratches, fractures, and patient discomfort. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of using two intensity levels of a diode laser for debonding metallic orthodontic brackets as an alternative to the conventional debonding method. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty intact, extracted human premolar teeth were used in this study, and metal orthodontic brackets were bonded to the buccal surface of these teeth. The teeth were divided into three groups for the experiment: (1) the control group, where conventional bracket debonding was performed using a debonding plier, (2) the first experimental group, where a diode laser (2.5W, 980nm) was utilized for laser debonding, and (3) the second experimental group, where a diode laser (5W, 980nm) was used for laser debonding. The laser was applied using a sweeping movement for 5 seconds. After debonding, the adhesive remnant index (ARI), the lengths, and the frequency of enamel cracks were compared among the groups. Additionally, an increase in intra-pulpal temperature was measured. RESULTS: In all groups, there were no instances of enamel fractures. Laser debonding resulted in a significant reduction in both the frequency and length of newly formed enamel cracks compared to the conventional debonding method. The laser debonding group exhibited increases in intra-pulpal temperature of 2.37°C and 3.60°C in the second and third groups, respectively. These temperature increases were significantly lower than the threshold of 5.5°C. There were no significant differences observed in the ARI scores among the groups. CONCLUSION: With all debonding methods, an increase in the length and frequency of enamel cracks should be anticipated. However, laser-assisted debonding of metal brackets offers the advantage of reducing the risk of enamel damage while avoiding thermal damage to the pulp.
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INTRODUCTION: ECC (Early childhood caries) is very common in children. Because of the small size of primary anterior teeth, endodontic exposures occur early. Pulp tissue response after pulpotomy of primary anterior teeth by both MTA and Portland Cement is very important when pulp exposures occur in these teeth. AIM: This study aimed to evaluate in vivo pulp tissue responses after the primary canines pulpotomy with either White Portland Cement (WPC) or White Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (WMTA), by histopathological analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 30 primary canines in 21 healthy children aged 6-9 years old and it was classified into 2 groups according to the material. Group 1: included 15 teeth capped by White Portland Cement, and Group 2: included 15 teeth capped by white MTA. The dentine bridge formation, soft Tissue Organization, tissue fibrosis, formed dentin bridge thickness, pulp calcifications, hemorrhage in the pulp tissue, and deposition of new dentin on the inner surface of the dentin at 3 months periods were recorded. RESULTS: Data were analyzed statistically; the Mann-Whitney U test was performed for the assessment of histopathological criteria. Descriptive statistics were performed for the analysis of participant properties. Histopathological analysis showed complete dentin bridge formation and normal soft tissue organization for both materials. Statistical analysis showed no significant differences in dentine bridge formation (P value = 0.213), soft Tissue Organization (P value = 0.339), tissue fibrosis (P value = 0.079), formed dentin bridge thickness (P value = 0.139), pulp calcifications (P value = 0.581), hemorrhage in the pulp tissue (P value = 0.117), and deposition of new dentin (P value = 0.097), during the observation period. CONCLUSIONS: Within the limitation of the current study WPC was similar to WMTA in terms of histological criteria so PC may serve as a good alternative to MTA in primary teeth pulpotomy.
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Dentigerous cysts (DCs) are one of the most common cysts in the oral and maxillofacial region, and they are often discovered by chance in young people. The methods of treatment differ according to the size they reach, but the prognosis and results of the treatment are generally good. DCs are often associated with impacted teeth, especially mandibular third molars and maxillary canines, and they are usually discovered when they reach large sizes or get infected after they have caused great absorption and destruction of the surrounding cortical bone and displacement in adjacent teeth. This case report expresses the importance of conservative treatment of large oral cysts (by marsupialization) in the preservation of jaw bones, in a young female child of 12 years, with a DC associated with an impacted second permanent lower molar. This cyst occupied nearly half of the mandible with the danger of causing more harm to the jaw. In brief, marsupialization is a very effective method of treatment for DCs, especially those that reach very large volumes.
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Background and aim Several epidemiological and experimental studies have approve that the vegetarian diet has an anticancer effect. Capsaicin is the active botanical ingredient found in red chili peppers. While the data strongly argue for the significant anticancer benefits of capsaicin, nevertheless, much information is required to shed light on the anticancer molecular mechanisms to improve knowledge and suggest potential therapeutic mechanisms for the use of capsaicin against cancer. This study aimed to investigate the effect of capsaicin on the rate of cell division and apoptosis in the development of oral squamous cell carcinoma induced in the buccal pouch of hamsters. Materials and methods The sample consisted of two groups; the first group consisted of 20 hamsters with the application of carcinogenic 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) in the buccal pouch (the control group) and the second group (the study group) also consisted of 20 hamsters with the application of DMBA in alternatively with capsaicin. Tissue biopsies were taken from experimental animals after sacrificing. The samples were immunostained for the detection of Ki-67 and Bcl-2 proteins. Results Immunohistochemical staining by monoclonal antibody to Ki-67 and Bcl-2 in the study group showed lower expression at all stages of oral cancer development compared with their expression in the control group. After performing the one-way (ANOVA) test, we found statistically significant differences by comparing the expression degree of Ki-67 and Bcl-2 proteins in both study groups, where the p-value was less than 0.05. Conclusion We conclude from the data of our study that capsaicin has an anti-cancer role in oral squamous cell carcinoma if applied in the digestive tract of experimental animals by inhibiting the proliferation of cancer cells and activating apoptosis in them.
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BACKGROUND: Acute kidney injury is the most life-threatening complication of rhabdomyolysis. Glycerol is commonly used to induce this injury. The aim was to investigate the renoprotective effects of pioglitazone and the possible advantage of administering the drug for a longer period. METHODS: Twenty-four male Albino Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=6/group): (A) control, (B) glycerol (50%, 10 mL/kg intramuscularly), (C) glycerol+pioglitazone (10 mg/kg orally for 3 days), and (D) glycerol+pioglitazone (for 6 days). Serum urea and creatinine levels were measured to assess the renal function. Reduced glutathione (GSH) levels and histological alterations were also measured. Statistical analysis was performed using Prism (version 6). The numerical data were evaluated by ANOVA, followed by the Tukey tests. The categorical data were evaluated by the Mann-Whitney test and the Fisher exact tests. P<0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: In the glycerol-injected rats, the serum urea and creatinine levels were increased (P<0.001), while the GSH levels were decreased (P<0.001) compared to Group A. The nephrotoxicity showed significant tubular (P=0.01) and glomerular (P=0.02) injuries. In the pioglitazone-treated rats, the changes in the serum biomarkers and in the GSH levels were reversed in Group C (P=0.01) and in Group D (P=0.01). The microscopic examinations of the kidneys also showed some improvement. No obvious statistically significant difference was found between these 2 preventive groups in most studied features. CONCLUSION: These results indicate that pioglitazone might have nephroprotective effects in this injury model. Pioglitazone succeeded in producing this effect within 3 days. Doubling the drug administration period did not produce any significant superior benefit.
