ABSTRACT
Pai syndrome is a rare congenital disorder first described in 1987. The main clinical features of the syndrome include median cleft of the upper lip, intra-cranial lipoma, and cutaneous polyps. Only four cases have been described previously. This is the fifth who is a twin of Arabian descent to be reported. Full description of the clinico-pathological features and a review of the relevant medical literature is presented. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of Pai syndrome in a twin in the English literature.
Subject(s)
Brain Neoplasms/diagnosis , Cleft Lip/diagnosis , Lipoma/diagnosis , Polyps/diagnosis , Skin Neoplasms/diagnosis , Biopsy, Needle , Brain Neoplasms/complications , Brain Neoplasms/pathology , Cleft Lip/complications , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Lipoma/complications , Lipoma/pathology , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Nose , Polyps/complications , Polyps/pathology , Skin Neoplasms/complications , Skin Neoplasms/pathology , SyndromeABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of using intranasal splints for prevention of adhesions and to assess the morbidity associated with their use. METHODS: A retrospective study based on 2 tertiary hospitals from 1988-1995. One hundred and fourteen patients were divided into 2 groups. Group one with splints and group 2 without. The splints were used for 10 days and nasal toilet was carried out twice. Score of adhesions, perforation, bleeding, pain, crusting, and septum position were recorded. RESULTS: Adhesions in both groups were almost the same as well as septum medialization and perforation scores. Pain and crusting were more common in the splinted group (p-value <0.001). CONCLUSION: The use of intranasal splints should be individualized. Nasal irrigation is of importance to prevent crusting. The morbidity associated with intranasal splints should be considered before use.
Subject(s)
Nasal Cavity/surgery , Nose Diseases/prevention & control , Splints , Tissue Adhesions/prevention & control , Adolescent , Adult , Child , Female , Humans , Incidence , Male , Middle Aged , Prevalence , Retrospective Studies , Saudi Arabia/epidemiology , Splints/adverse effects , Therapeutic Irrigation , Tissue Adhesions/epidemiologyABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To increase awareness of tuberculosis (TB) as an important differential diagnosis of lesions in the pharynx and discuss its presentation. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study included nine patients (2 males and 7 females); each with a diagnosis of primary pharyngeal tuberculosis (PTB). Of these, 3 had nasopharyngeal TB, 5 had tonsillar TB, and 1 had hypopharyngeal TB. The diagnostic criteria were either positive culture, positive smear, or histopathologic features of caseating granuloma consistent with TB in the biopsy specimen and a response to treatment. RESULTS: All patients had primary infection. The main presenting symptom in all nasopharyngeal TB was neck mass, whereas tonsillar TB patients presented with sore throats or discomfort. Dysphagia was the presenting symptom in hypopharyngeal TB. Six patients (3 with nasopharyngeal TB and 3 with tonsillar TB) had cervical adenopathy. The smear for acid-fast bacillus was positive in 4 patients (44.4%); culture was positive in 2 patients (22.2%). Histopathologic features of caseating granuloma, consistent with TB, were positive in all patients who received antituberculous medications. CONCLUSION: Otolaryngologists should consider pharyngeal TB as one of the differential diagnosis of lesions of the pharynx especially in those countries where TB is endemic.
