ABSTRACT
Introduction Low back pain (LBP) is one of the most common global health problems and the second most common reason for seeking medical advice. However, most LBP does not indicate a serious disorder. Over half of the Saudi Arabian population experiences LBP at least once in their lives. Therefore, it is important to assess and understand how people manage this health problem. This study assessed back pain and spinal disorder knowledge among the general population in Saudi Arabia's western region. Methods This was a cross-sectional study of the general population in western Saudi Arabia. The data were collected using an online, self-administered, Arabic version of the validated questionnaire about LBP. A statistical analysis of the collected data was performed using a software program. Results A total of 754 eligible participants completed the questionnaire. Less than half of the participants could correctly define acute and chronic LBP and sciatica. Only 19.2% of participants were aware that medical history and clinical examinations are used to diagnose LBP. Young participants, university graduates, and unmarried participants had good LBP knowledge. Conclusion This study showed that the general population of Saudi Arabia in the Western region needs more knowledge about the definitions of acute and chronic LBP. However, they had fair knowledge about the aggravating factors and triggers of LBP. Young participants had better knowledge about LBP. Awareness campaigns with brochures and flyers can be used to increase the population's knowledge.
ABSTRACT
Dupuytren's disease (DD) is a fibroproliferative disorder that manifests as an abnormal growth of myofibroblasts, causing nodule formation and contractures and affecting digit function. If left untreated, these contractures can lead to a loss of mobility and potentially impact hand function. This systematic review critically compares and evaluates the existing literature on the complications and patient satisfaction following injectable collagenase Clostridium histolyticum (CCH) versus limited fasciectomy (LF) for DD. We performed a comprehensive search of the PubMed, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), The Cochrane Library, and Excerpta Medica database (EMBASE) databases from 2006 to August 2023. This research targeted all clinical studies involving adults who underwent injectable collagenase and/or limited fasciectomy in the management of DD. Out of the 437 identified studies, only 53 were considered eligible for our analysis, and merely 14 met our inclusion criteria. These selected studies encompassed a total of 967 patients with 1,344 treated joints, with an average follow-up duration of 19.22 (ranging from one to 84.06) months. Within this cohort, 498 joints from 385 patients underwent LF, while 846 joints from 491 patients received CCH injections. Notably, among the 491 patients treated with CCH, 1,060 complications were reported, averaging 2.15 complications per patient, with the most common being contusion/bruising/hematoma/ecchymosis (22.54%), and edema/swelling (18.96%). In contrast, among the 385 patients treated with LF, only 97 complications were reported, translating to 0.25 complications per patient, with the most frequent being paraesthesia or numbness (23.7%), scar sequelae like skin laceration, tear, fissure, or hypertrophic scar (23.7%), and neuropraxia or nerve injury (22.6%). Our meta-analysis indicates that paraesthesia or numbness is more frequently observed in LF than CCH injections, although without statistical significance, with a risk ratio (RR) of 0.39 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.13-1.18, p-value 0.1). However, scar sequelae (hypertrophic scar, skin laceration, tear, or fissure) show a contrasting pattern, being more commonly associated with CCH injections than LF, with an RR of 1.98 (95% CI 0.26-14.85, p-value 0.51), which, upon eliminating the source of heterogeneity, becomes statistically significant, with an RR of 4.98 (95% CI 1.40-17.72, p-value 0.01). Our data revealed a higher frequency of complications with CCH compared to LF, although more severe adverse effects were observed in the LF group, such as neuropraxia or nerve injury. Scar sequelae were more common with CCH injections. Despite both treatments showing increased patient satisfaction at the final follow-up, CCH injection resulted in earlier improvements in satisfaction.
ABSTRACT
The meniscus is a glossy white structure found in the knee between the femoral condyle and tibial plateau in the medial and lateral aspects of both knees. The main purposes of the meniscus are to enhance joint congruity and stability, transmit load, and absorb stress. A rare type of anomaly of the meniscus shape is called discoid meniscus, which presents as an atypical shape also known as disk cartilage. This report presents a 13-year-old male with a history of left knee pain after a fall. The pain was stabby in nature with a decrease in range of motion in the left knee and positive McMurray and Apley's tests on examination. The patient was treated by arthroscopic saucerization, and the procedure was successful. The patient had a good postoperative outcome after two months of follow-up.
ABSTRACT
Introduction Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common behavioral disorder in children and is described as a disease involving loss of self-control. The core symptoms of ADHD are inattentiveness, impulsivity, and motor unrest. Furthermore, poor concentration, distraction, hyperactivity, and poor academic achievement at school or at home are other symptoms. ADHD, like other prevalent medical disorders such as asthma and schizophrenia, may be impacted by several genes and has multiple contributing causes that are not all related to each other. The management of ADHD contains multimodal treatments, starting with psycho-education for parents and the child or adolescent patient in an age-appropriate manner called cognitive behavioral therapy. The worldwide prevalence rate of ADHD among children is 7.2% and, in some countries, can be higher and reach 15.5%; studies show the average prevalence of ADHD in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) is 9.2%. Method A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2022 to January 2023 among children who live in Makkah between the ages of 4 and 14 years old via an online survey that contained the ADHD Rating Scale-IV for parents/teachers, and caregivers based on Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)-IV criteria. The scale was translated into Arabic and contains 18 questions about ADHD symptoms. Result The overall prevalence of combined ADHD among children in Makkah is 52.5% (n=203 out of 387); most of them were males (30.8%) and 21.7% were females (P=0.09), and most of the combined ADHD prevalence was between the ages of 11 and 14 (20.4%), then the age of 4-7 (16.8%), and 15.3% of them were between 8 and 10 years old. Additionally, the results show a higher prevalence of combined ADHD in Makkah city (33.1%) (n=121) in comparison to rural areas 19.4% (n=82) (P=0.132). Conclusion The aim of the study was to measure the prevalence rate of ADHD in the Makkah region. The study showed a high prevalence rate of ADHD (52.5%) among children in Makkah; the study was carried out online using an ADHD scale, and more accurate results could be found by using face-to-face interviews and including both parents and teachers.
