ABSTRACT
Background Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a condition where abdominal contents protrude into the chest due to defects in the diaphragm muscle. It is considered an emergency that needs urgent intervention to prevent further complications or death. Our study aimed to estimate survival and evaluate predictors of mortality in newborns with CDH using available prediction tools in the literature. Methods This retrospective cohort study included neonates with CDH in King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC), Jeddah, from 2000 to 2021. Prevalence, demographics, and clinical characteristics were compared between surviving and deceased infants. C-statistics were used to measure the area under the curve for the prenatal and postnatal predictor tools, and a p-value of <0.05 was considered significant. Results Between 2000 and 2021, 45 neonates with CDH were included (six per 10,000 inborn live births). The mortality rate was 51.1%. The differences in demographics were not significant among surviving and deceased patients. One prenatal predictor tool, the lung-to-head ratio, was found to be significant; in addition, three postnatal predictor tools of mortality, SNAP-II, CDHSG-probability survival, and Brindle Score, had the highest concordance (C) statistics of 0.8, 0.79, and 0.8, respectively. Conclusion Although the incidence of CDH was found to be higher in our study compared to global statistics, our mortality rates correspond with international figures. The most significant differences between predictors and prediction models of mortality were lung-to-head ratio prenatally, SNAP-II, CDHSG-probability survival, and Brindle Score postnatally. Further multicentered studies are recommended with a larger sample size.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Diabetes is an ever-growing health issue in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. It has several oral health implications and oral health in turn affects diabetes control. The primary objective of this research was to study the awareness of the effect of diabetes on oral health among the general population in the city of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A closed-ended, validated questionnaire was distributed to 506 randomly selected shopping-mall-goers. Responses were coded and entered into spreadsheet (SPSS, IBM) and frequency distribution of the responses was calculated. RESULTS: The majority of the respondents were females (62.5%), non-diabetic (80.2%) and reported a positive family history of diabetes (87.9%). Most of them (63.4%) understood the importance of discussing one's diabetes status with the dentist as it affected the treatment plan, and also knew (84.4%) that diabetes affects oral health in some way. A majority also correctly responded to how diabetes affects oral health (66.3%) and to the sequelae of untreated gum disease (87.2%). The majority of the respondents had not received any tips or information regarding the connection between diabetes and oral health. CONCLUSION: This study reported adequate knowledge of the sample with respect to diabetes-related oral health. An important finding of this study was that the majority of the study participants did not receive information leading to diabetes-related oral health awareness or knowledge from anyone, which implies that health professionals and health media do not play the requisite role in dissemination of this important aspect of public health.
