ABSTRACT
Robot-assisted radical cystectomy (RARC) has gained popularity and proven its efficacy, safety and reproducibility in the last decade. RARC has resulted in less blood loss, enhanced recovery, and shorter hospital stay. RARC has proven to have similar or better postoperative morbidity, mortality and equal oncologic, outcomes. Limiting factors to the acceptance of this surgical approach have included its steep learning curve and the lack of both long-term outcome data. This article systematically reviews the literature comparing the outcomes for RARC (comparisons with open radical cystectomy when performed at the same institution) with a focus on operative, complications, oncologic, functional and survival outcomes.
Subject(s)
Cystectomy/trends , Robotic Surgical Procedures/trends , Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/surgery , Blood Loss, Surgical/prevention & control , Cystectomy/methods , Cystectomy/mortality , Evidence-Based Medicine , Humans , Learning Curve , Length of Stay , Reproducibility of Results , Risk Factors , Robotic Surgical Procedures/methods , Robotic Surgical Procedures/mortality , Survival Analysis , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome , Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/mortalityABSTRACT
Myelolipoma of the adrenal gland is a rare benign tumor. It is diagnosed incidentally in most cases because of its non-functioning nature, unless it causes symptoms due to its size. It has specific sonographic and computed tomographic features. A case is presented, magnetic resonance findings are reported for the first time and a review of the literature is conducted.
