Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices With Regard to Cosmetic Procedures Among the General Population in the Western Region of Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background One of the most frequently carried out medical procedures is an aesthetic procedure. These procedures have become increasingly popular in our country due to various factors, such as body image dissatisfaction, the desire for perfection, and the expanding influence of social media. The aim of our study is to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices with regard to cosmetic procedures among the general population in the western region of Saudi Arabia. Methods This population-based cross-sectional study uses a self-report questionnaire distributed via social media platforms with randomized sampling between March and April 2023. The target population of this study is the general population in the western region of Saudi Arabia who are 18 years old and above from both genders. All participants who have congenital anomalies or mental disorders, are non-Arabic speakers, and refuse to participate in the study are excluded. Our data collected via an online self-administrated translated questionnaire survey was designed using a Google Forms questionnaire template. Results The study questionnaire was completed by 477 individuals in total. The mean age of the participants was 27.4±12.9 years, with ages ranging from 18 to over 60. A total of 190 individuals (39.8%) had prior knowledge of cosmetic procedures, and 338 (70.9%) were female. Of the non-surgical cosmetic treatments that people are most familiar with, 37.9% mentioned filler injections. Additionally, the most popular surgical cosmetic surgery was rhinoplasty (73.6%) and liposuction (22%). 85.7% of respondents said social media impacts people's decisions to undergo cosmetic treatments, while 86.8% of respondents said women do more cosmetic procedures than males. Of the participants, only 40 (8.4%) had previous cosmetic procedure done before. Rhinoplasty was the most common undergone surgical treatment (15.4%). In terms of non-surgical treatments, hair removal accounted for the majority (51.3%). Conclusion This study revealed that 39.4% of the study population, the majority of which are young individuals, females, and singles, have a good knowledge with regard to cosmetic procedures due to many factors such as culture diversity among generations, distribution of the social media, and interest differences. We conclude that the social media factor can significantly influence the practice of cosmetic procedures.

Knowledge of and attitude toward attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) assessed among primary schoolteachers of Makkah City in Saudi Arabia.

Background: One of the most prevalent pediatric medical conditions is attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). It is characterized by symptoms of hyperactivity, impulsivity, and/or inattention. The first people to notice a child's ADHD symptoms are typically their teachers, who may then offer data that are typically helpful in its diagnosis. The purpose of this study was to assess teachers' knowledge of ADHD, its causes and etiology, as well as the key demographic factors that influence said knowledge. Method: The study was conducted among schoolteachers of primary schools located in different regions of Makkah City, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. We used a stratified random sampling technique to collect our sample, with the inclusion criteria being teachers who were working in a primary school and who were directly involved in teaching students. Data analysis was performed using the IBM SPSS Statistics software version 21. Results: We received 335 responses to our questionnaire. The age of the participants ranged from 18 to 59 years, with the mean age being 40.2 ± 13.8 years. About 66.9% of teachers were women. Most of the teachers in this sample had a bachelor's degree (73.4%), and only 21.8% had diplomas. Regarding the years of teaching experience, 34.6% had teaching experience exceeding 20 years, whereas 20.6% had less than five years of teaching experience. Regarding general knowledge of the teachers, (5.4%) of the teachers had a good level of knowledge. Only 63.6% of teachers were aware that ADHD students frequently struggled with task and activity organization, and only 7.5% of teachers had good knowledge of ADHD treatment, compared to 40.9% who had a good awareness of symptoms and diagnosis. Only the teachers' education level was significantly associated with their knowledge level of ADHD: 25% of teachers with a postgraduate degree had an overall good level of knowledge versus 2.7% of those with a diploma (P = 0.006). Conclusion: The findings of this study lead to the conclusion that elementary school instructors have an inadequate understanding of ADHD. Some teachers misunderstand the signs and general facts associated with ADHD, thereby indicating the need for further training in this area.

Attitudes and Practices of the Public Toward Precautionary Measures Post-COVID-19 Pandemic in Saudi Arabia.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the practices and attitudes of the general population towards coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID)-19 after the removal of precautionary and preventive measures in Saudi Arabia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among the general population in all regions of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, from September 2022 to October, 2022 via a virtual survey to evaluate the practices, and attitudes of the general population towards COVID-19. A stratified random sampling technique was applied to collect the sample with inclusion criteria for all individuals who are Arabic language speakers using social media platforms. The individuals selected for this study were 18 years and older. Results: A total of 2406 responses were received for the study questionnaire. Most of participants (66.3%) were females aged 18 to 29 years (61.8%). Half of the participants reported a positive history of COVID-19 infection. Nearly 90% of participants still wear masks, 80% attended a crowded event, and 60% often wash their hands even though the Saudi government has erased the precautions. Females, young (30-39 years) and elderly (60 years and over) individuals, singles, those with a postgraduate degree, those who are employed, and healthcare workers were more likely to adhere to COVID-19 precautionary measures (p<0.05). Conclusion: The study's findings indicate that most of the population discontinued practicing precautionary measures after lifting the measures in Saudi Arabia. More public health initiatives should raise the scores of sanitary best practices to prevent the spread of viral illnesses.

Dupilumab-Induced Scalp Psoriasis in a Patient With Prurigo Nodularis: A Case Report.

There are few reports of dupilumab-induced psoriasis recently published. Here, we present a case of a 50-year-old female with a three-month history of persistent itchy scalp lesions. She had an unremarkable past medical history except that she was diagnosed with prurigo nodularis (PN) three years ago and was on dupilumab treatment for one year. Skin examination revealed multiple silvery scaly plaques on her scalp. The examination of the nails and mucous membranes was normal; there were no skin lesions. Based on the above clinical findings, the patient was diagnosed with dupilumab-induced scalp psoriasis. Dupilumab was stopped. Anti-psoriasis treatment (0.05% betamethasone dipropionate-calcepitriol gel) was started and the patient showed improvement. She was put under periodic follow-up.

Diffuse Capillary Malformation With Overgrowth (DCMO): A Case Report and Literature Review.

Diffuse capillary malformation with overgrowth (DCMO) is a rare condition that is characterized by capillary malformation and soft tissue hypertrophy. Here we report the case of a one-year-old male child with no past medical history who presented with skin lesions persistent since birth and associated with no symptoms. There were widespread non-scaly reticulated erythematous patches all over his body, including the abdominal wall. The circumference of the right calf and mid-thigh was 13 cm and 20 cm respectively whereas the circumference of the left calf and mid-thigh was 11 cm and 18 cm respectively. The length of both lower extremities was similar. There was also syndactyly of the right second and third toes. Differential diagnoses include cutis marmorata telangiectatica congenita (CMTC), DCMO, and macrocephaly-capillary malformation (M-CM) syndrome. Based on clinical features, the patient was diagnosed with DCMO. He was put under follow-up by pediatric orthopedics for periodic monitoring of growth asymmetry.

Knowledge and Attitude Towards Cutaneous Complications of Tattoos and Piercings Among the General Population in Saudi Arabia.

Introduction  Tattooing and piercing, which were uncommon in affluent countries, have recently spread throughout societies. Over the past two decades, young people have shown considerable excitement for the practice. This reported growth creates more difficulties because of the numerous operations performed without awareness of health and hygiene requirements. This study aims to assess the knowledge and attitudes of the general population toward the cutaneous complications of tattoos and piercings in Saudi Arabia. Methods This was a web-based descriptive cross-sectional study. An online questionnaire was developed by the study researchers, which included participants' demographic data, their knowledge of tattoos and piercings with associated health effects and possible infections, their attitude towards tattoos and piercings, and their practice and experienced complications regarding tattooing and body piercing. The final validated questionnaire was made publicly available via social media until no more new responses were obtained. Results Eight hundred and forty-eight individuals completed the study questionnaire. The ages of the participants varied from 18 to more than 55 years old, with a mean age of 25.2 ± 13.9 years, and (589 [69.5%]) were female. The most reported health effects and infections were bacterial infections in place of body modification (479 [56.5%]), purpura (380 [44.9%]), cutaneous abscesses (380 [44%]), melanoma (338 [39.9%]), hepatitis B virus (321 [37.9%]), HIV (311 [36.7%]), sepsis (306 [36.2%]), allergic contact dermatitis (296 [35%]), and hepatitis C virus (279 [33.1%]). In total, 336 (39.6%) had an overall good knowledge of tattooing and body piercing hazards, with higher knowledge among females with high education (p< 0.05). Conclusion This study revealed that one in three individuals knew about the health risks and infections associated with tattooing and body piercing. Higher awareness was found among females with high education levels. Of all the associated complications, procedure-related infections were the most common among participants.

Knowledge and Attitude Regarding the Use of Sun Protection to Prevent Adverse Laser Events Among the General Population in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Introduction Prolonged sun exposure has been linked with the development of numerous medical and dermatological complications, such as skin cancer. Photoprotection can help reduce ultraviolet radiation (UVR)-induced skin damage and skin cancer. This study aims to assess the knowledge about and attitude toward the use of sun protection to prevent laser adverse events among the general population in Saudi Arabia. Methodology This is a cross-sectional, analytical, community-based study carried out among the general population (sunscreen users) in Saudi Arabia. A total of 600 participants were enrolled in the study. Data were collected using a validated online self-administered questionnaire using Google Forms. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 21.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY). Results A total of 600 sunscreen users were enrolled in this study, with an overall poor knowledge rate of 471 (78.5%) regarding the use of sun protection methods. Their ages ranged from 18 years to >55 years. The majority of them were females (537, 89.5%), had Saudi Nationality (533, 88.8%), and had skin type III (313, 52.2%). Almost all the participants (491, 81.9%) had undergone laser treatment before; the most reported reason was hair removal (522, 87%). In addition, 267 (44.5%) participants used sunscreens five to six times a week, with 440 (73.3%) also using sunglasses. Notably, only 91 (15.2%) of the study participants were aware that sunscreen covers UVA and UVB, and 34 (5.7%) knew that PA+++ is used in sunscreen. A total of 149 (24.8%) reported that sunscreen should be applied 20 to 30 minutes before sun exposure, while 153 (25.5%) stated that it should be reapplied every two hours. Moreover, 484 (80.7%) participants reported using topical steroid application after laser treatment. The results also showed that young participants (P = 0.001), single participants (P = 0.001), post-graduate participants (P = 0.010), students rather than the unemployed group (P = 0.002), and those who used sunscreens five to six times per week compared to those who never used sunscreens (P = 0.001) demonstrated an overall good knowledge about sunscreens and laser treatment. Conclusions The study showed poor knowledge among the participants regarding the use of sun protection to prevent adverse laser events. Therefore, an increase in awareness among the general public about the protection through campaigns is highly recommended.