[Epidemiology of urinary lithiasis]. / Epidemiología de la litiasis urinaria.

An epidemiological study of urinary stone disease has been carried out in the districts of La Sierra and Hellín (Albacete, Spain). Between January 1992 and December 1999 a total of 887 patients with urinary lithiasis have been studied, analysing the number of patients discharged from hospital with the primary diagnosis of lithiasis, the distribution of lithiasis by area, age, gender, family history of lithiasis, diet, occupation and concurrent pathology. The geographical, geological, and climatic conditions, the composition of the water supply and the clinical characteristics are described. The incidence of urinary lithiasis in the whole area in 2.66 per thousand inhabitants/year, showing a male predominance with a male:female ratio of 1.26:1. The mean age was 51.34 years (bimodal distribution with peaks in the 4th and 7th decades). 20.41% of the patients had a family history, with the father being the most frequently affected relation. Those occupations associated with a sedentary life style or with a hot, dry workplace show a higher incidence of lithiasis. A hot, dry climate favours the formation of urinary lithiasis and the highest incidence of lithiasis is in the summer, during the months of July and August. No statistically significant influence was shown between at the hardness of the water and the incidence of urinary lithiasis in the study population.

Epidemiología de la litiasis urinaria / The epidemiology of urinary lithiasis

Se realiza un estudio epidemiológico de la enfermedad litiásica en las comarcas de la Sierra y de Hellín (Albacete). Entre Enero de 1992 y Diciembre de 1999, se han recogido 887 pacientes con litiasis urinaria, analizando la incidencia hospitalaria, distribución de litiásicos por localidad, edad, sexo, antecedentes familiares de litiasis, dieta, profesión y patología concomitante, se describen las características geográficas, geológicas, climáticas, composición de aguas, así como las características clínicas.La incidencia de urolitiasis en esta área es de 2,66 por mil habitantes/año, de predominio en varones con una relación de hombre/mujer de 1,26, la edad media es de 51,34 años (comportamiento bimodal con picos en la cuarta y séptima décadas).El 20,41 por ciento de los pacientes tienen antecedentes familiares, siendo el padre el parentesco más afectado. Las profesiones que comportan una vida sedentaria o se relacionan en ambientes calurosos tienen una mayor incidencia de urolitiasis. Los hábitats con clima caluroso y seco favorecen la enfermedad litiásica, produciéndose la mayor incidencia de litiasis en verano durante los meses de Julio y Agosto. No apreciamos una influencia estadísticamente significativa entre la dureza de las aguas y la incidencia de litiasis urinaria en la población estudiada (AU)

[Adenomatoid tumor of the epididymis]. / Tumor adenomatoide del epidídimo.

OBJECTIVES: The present work will give a general view of the epididymis adenomatoid tumour, an unusual pathology reviewing its differential diagnosis and therapeutical choices. METHODS/RESULTS: We present the case of a 32-year-old patient with an adenomatoid tumour located in the tail of the left epididymis. The diagnosis was achieved by echography, and was confirmed by surgical excision and histological analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Due to its low incidence in intrascrotal pathology, we believe it is important to know about this illness in order to make a differential diagnosis from other inflammatory processes and to adopt a surgical approach more frequently, due to its high diagnostic-therapeutical rentability and low morbidity.

[Cystic lymphangioma of the adrenal gland in adults. Review of the literature and report of a new case]. / Linfangioma quístico de la glándula suprarrenal del adulto. Revisión de la literatura y aportación de un nuevo caso.

Presentation of one case of cystic lymphangioma of the suprarenal gland in a 34-year-old female patient with a background of lower urinary tract infections, presenting with continuous and aggravating pain in left lumbar area and with no other associated symptomatology, diagnosed with ultrasound, IVU and CAT. A review of the literature is made. The present study pretends to give an overall view of a rare and benign disease, commenting upon the difficulties found in its diagnosis and the different therapeutical options.

[Bladder leiomyoma. Review and report of a case]. / Leiomioma vesical. Revisión y presentación de un caso.

OBJECTIVE: The present study reviews bladder leiomyoma, an uncommon pathology. The problems of differential diagnosis and the therapeutic options are discussed and the literature reviewed. METHODS/RESULTS: A 33-year-old female with anterolateral intramural leiomyoma of the bladder is described. Patient evaluation included US, cystography, CT, cystoscopy and ultrasound-guided suprapubic puncture. CONCLUSIONS: Leiomyoma is an uncommon benign tumor of the bladder. To our knowledge, only 235 cases have been reported in the literature. We advocate the use of ultrasound-guided suprapubic puncture, a simple procedure that is frequently diagnostic, in the evaluation of this tumor type.

[Acquired enterovesical fistulas]. / Fístulas enterovesicales adquiridas.

We report on 23 patients with acquired vesicoenteric fistula treated during the past 12 years: 48% of these were of inflammatory etiology (11 cases), 35% were caused by neoplasms (8 cases) and 17% were iatrogenic (4 cases). The most frequent symptoms were pneumaturia and fecaluria (78% of cases). Cystoscopy was the most useful diagnostic procedure in detecting fistula (13 of 18 cases). Other imaging techniques, though less effective for diagnosis, were useful in assessing the status of the GI tract and, at times, in determining the etiology of the fistulae. Treatment depends on the etiology, localization and patient general condition. The technique most frequently applied in our series was resection of the fistulous tract, together with the compromised intestinal segment, and bladder suture.