ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To report a case of bilateral endogenous endophthalmitis from Streptococcus pneumoniae with devastating sequelae. METHODS: Interventional case report. RESULTS: A 56-year-old man presented with acute bilateral blurred vision and floaters with fever and hemodynamic instability. Previously, he was diagnosed with acute otitis externa and reported manually extracting several of his own teeth. He underwent a vitreous tap and intravitreal antibiotic injections. Blood and vitreous cultures were positive for S. pneumoniae. The patient later developed life-threatening medical sequelae. His final visual acuity was no light perception in the right eye and 20/25 in the left eye. CONCLUSION: Diagnosing endogenous endophthalmitis early is essential to initiating a systemic evaluation for potentially life-threatening medical conditions, including sepsis, endocarditis, and osteomyelitis. A high degree of suspicion, expeditious treatment, and interdisciplinary collaboration are essential to maximizing patient outcomes.
Subject(s)
Bacteremia/microbiology , Endophthalmitis/microbiology , Eye Infections, Bacterial/microbiology , Pneumococcal Infections/microbiology , Streptococcus pneumoniae/isolation & purification , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Bacteremia/diagnosis , Bacteremia/drug therapy , Ceftazidime/therapeutic use , Dexamethasone/therapeutic use , Drug Therapy, Combination , Endophthalmitis/diagnosis , Endophthalmitis/drug therapy , Eye Infections, Bacterial/diagnosis , Eye Infections, Bacterial/drug therapy , Glucocorticoids/therapeutic use , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Pneumococcal Infections/diagnosis , Pneumococcal Infections/drug therapy , Vancomycin/therapeutic use , Visual Acuity/physiology , Vitreous Body/microbiologyABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To report a unique presentation of ciliochoroidal effusion syndrome with central serous-like chorioretinopathy and secondary angle closure following exogenous testosterone use. OBSERVATIONS: A 37 year-old man presented with a two week history of blurred vision, elevated intraocular pressure, and myopic shift in his right eye. Gonioscopy showed angle closure. After YAG iridotomy, ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) showed ciliochoroidal effusion and anterior rotation of the ciliary processes. Subsequent color fundus photography, enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT) and near-infrared reduced-illuminance autofluorescence imaging (NIR-RAFI) showed macular striae, choroidal folds, and increased choroidal thickness without presence of subretinal fluid (SRF) or pigment epithelial detachment (PED). Further questioning revealed the patient was using dermal testosterone gel for six months for treatment of hypogonadism. The patient stopped using the testosterone gel, and his visual acuity and intraocular pressure significantly improved six weeks later. Follow-up UBM showed significant improvement of the ciliochoroidal effusion, and repeat multimodal images demonstrated resolution of the macular striae and choroidal folds, and slightly improved choroidal thickness. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPORTANCE: Our patient demonstrates a rare case of ciliochoroidal effusion, central serous-like chorioretinopathy, and secondary angle closure that dramatically improved with cessation of testosterone. We believe that this unique clinical constellation is the first to be reported associated with exogenous testosterone use.
