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1.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A ; 121(17): e2402202121, 2024 Apr 23.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38621129
2.
Fac Rev ; 11: 5, 2022.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35373215

ABSTRACT

The publication of papers containing data obtained with suboptimal rigor in the experimental design and choice of key reagents, such as antibodies, can result in a lack of reproducibility and generate controversy that can both needlessly divert resources and, in some cases, damage public perception of the scientific enterprise. This exemplary paper by Buonarati et al. (2018)1 shows how a previously published, potentially important paper on calcium channel regulation falls short of the necessary mark, and aims to resolve the resulting controversy.

3.
Science ; 375(6587): 1321, 2022 03 25.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35324284

ABSTRACT

The rapid development of highly effective vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was a monumental achievement, yet a large fraction of the public rejected this means of defense, resulting in far too many preventable deaths. This response reflects a shocking failure of science to produce citizens who understand and respect scientific evidence, and it demands a rethinking of science education goals.

4.
FEBS Lett ; 596(2): 149-159, 2022 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35006607

ABSTRACT

The COVID-19 pandemic has revealed that a shockingly large fraction of the public is willing to ignore scientific judgements on issues such a vaccines and mask wearing. For far too many, scientific findings are viewed as what scientists believe, rather than as the product of an elaborate community process that produces reliable knowledge. This widespread misunderstanding should serve as a wake-up call for scientists, clearly demonstrating that the standard way that we teach science - as a large collection of "facts" that scientists have discovered about the world - needs major change. Three more ambitious and important goals for science education at all levels are outlined. In order of increasing difficulty, these are: (1) to provide all adults with an ability to investigate scientific problems as scientists do, using logic, experiment, and evidence; (2) to provide all adults with an understanding of how the scientific enterprise works - and why they should therefore trust the consensus judgements of science on issues like smoking, vaccination, and climate change; and (3) to provide all adults with the habit of solving their everyday problems as scientists do, using logic, experiment, and evidence. Although examples exist for attaining all of these goals, extensive education research will be needed to discover how best to teach the last two. I argue that such an effort is urgent, and that it can best begin by focusing on the introductory courses in biology and other science disciplines at the university level.


Subject(s)
Learning , Science/education , Teaching/trends , Community Resources , Humans , Quality of Life , Science/methods , United States
6.
Science ; 364(6441): 613, 2019 05 17.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31097642
7.
Mol Biol Cell ; 30(1): 146-159, 2019 01 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30403545

ABSTRACT

Using a mixture of 10 purified DNA replication and DNA recombination proteins encoded by the bacteriophage T4 genome, plus two homologous DNA molecules, we have reconstituted the genetic recombination-initiated pathway that initiates DNA replication forks at late times of T4 bacteriophage infection. Inside the cell, this recombination-dependent replication (RDR) is needed to produce the long concatemeric T4 DNA molecules that serve as substrates for packaging the shorter, genome-sized viral DNA into phage heads. The five T4 proteins that catalyze DNA synthesis on the leading strand, plus the proteins required for lagging-strand DNA synthesis, are essential for the reaction, as are a special mediator protein (gp59) and a Rad51/RecA analogue (the T4 UvsX strand-exchange protein). Related forms of RDR are widespread in living organisms-for example, they play critical roles in the homologous recombination events that can restore broken ends of the DNA double helix, restart broken DNA replication forks, and cross over chromatids during meiosis in eukaryotes. Those processes are considerably more complex, and the results presented here should be informative for dissecting their detailed mechanisms.


Subject(s)
Bacteriophage T4/genetics , DNA Replication , DNA, Viral/biosynthesis , Models, Biological , Recombination, Genetic , DNA/metabolism , DNA Topoisomerases, Type I/metabolism , DNA, Single-Stranded/metabolism , DNA, Superhelical/metabolism , DNA, Superhelical/ultrastructure , DNA, Viral/ultrastructure , Templates, Genetic , Viral Proteins/metabolism
9.
Science ; 360(6384): 9, 2018 04 06.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29622629
11.
Science ; 355(6332): 1353, 2017 03 31.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28360269
12.
Cell ; 167(1): 30-34, 2016 Sep 22.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27634324
14.
F1000Res ; 5: 135, 2016.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26998234

ABSTRACT

This editorial introduces the Preclinical Reproducibility and Robustness channel on F1000Research, which has been created to encourage and facilitate open and transparent publication and discussion of confirmatory and non-confirmatory studies in biomedical research.

18.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A ; 111(16): 5773-7, 2014 Apr 22.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24733905

ABSTRACT

The long-held but erroneous assumption of never-ending rapid growth in biomedical science has created an unsustainable hypercompetitive system that is discouraging even the most outstanding prospective students from entering our profession--and making it difficult for seasoned investigators to produce their best work. This is a recipe for long-term decline, and the problems cannot be solved with simplistic approaches. Instead, it is time to confront the dangers at hand and rethink some fundamental features of the US biomedical research ecosystem.


Subject(s)
Biomedical Research/organization & administration , Biomedical Research/economics , Health Planning Guidelines , Humans , Research Personnel/supply & distribution , Research Support as Topic/economics , United States , Workforce
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