ABSTRACT
The aim of this study is to explore the effects of a residential multimodal treatment intervention for an addict population. We gathered participants from the "Programa Base" (n = 166) of the Solidarity and Reinsertion Foundation of Murcia, and assessed the various problematic areas with the EuropASI at baseline level, 6 months and 12 months of treatment. We found improved outcomes in every area except for Legal Status. In addition, we found differences between male and female participants in their baseline evaluation, as well as between completers and non-completers. In conclusion, this data shows us some changes which occurred in individuals with problematic drug use during treatment, going further into the complex social reality which causes great suffering and damage to people and their families.
ABSTRACT
The COVID-19 pandemic and restrictions imposed to stop its advance have affected the entire population. Children living with difficulties or in vulnerable situations prior to the pandemic might have suffered an even greater impact. This present study examines the psychological impact of quarantine on children and adolescents exposed to intimate partner violence against their mothers. Participants were 185 mothers who reported 269 children, as well as 108 children who self-reported. An emotional and behavioral checklist was administered to both mothers and children throughout confinement. Results show mothers observed changes in their children's psychological state. Children, in turn, reported an increase in different variables. Mothers reported a higher percentage of overall increase for both general and severe symptoms than their children. Differences were found by sex and age. Future research with similar population groups is necessary to establish the support and intervention children require in similar contexts, as well as to clarify possible causes of differences found by age and sex.
ABSTRACT
Los traumas tempranos y repetidos en el contexto de las relaciones de apego impactan de una manera dramática en el desarrollo de los niños/as, generando una diversidad de manifestaciones psicopatológicas complejas, que se incluyen en la última versión de la Clasificación Internacional de Enfermedades (CIE-11) como un diagnóstico nuevo denominado Trastorno por Estrés Postraumático Complejo (TEPT-C). Los objetivos del presente trabajo fueron, por un lado, ofrecer una revisión de la sintomatología pos-traumática que se desarrolla por la exposición a estos eventos traumáticos, y, por otro, recapitular la evidencia empírica existente del TEPT-C o Trastorno Traumático del Desarrollo (TTD). Los resultados de los estudios revisados confirman la presencia de síntomas extensos y heterogéneos, así como graves alteraciones en la autorregulación (afectiva, cognitiva y conductual), que se ajustan a un TEPT Complejo o TTD, por lo que los datos existentes apoyarían la validez de dichos diagnósticos
Repeated and early attachment trauma has a huge impact on children's development, producing a wide range of psychopathology, which is included as a new diagnosis called complex posttraumatic stress disorder (CPTSD) in the 11th revision to the World Health Organization's International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11). The aim of this study is to provide a review of the posttraumatic symptomatology caused by exposure to complex traumatic events and to summarize the existing empirical evidence on CPTSD and developmental trauma disorder (DTD). The results of the reviewed studies confirm the presence of extensive and heterogeneous symptoms, as well as serious affective, cognitive, and behavioral self-regulation alterations, which correspond to complex PTSD or DTD. Therefore, the current data support the validity of these diagnostic proposals
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Child Abuse/psychology , Physical Abuse/psychology , Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/diagnosis , Chronic Disease/psychology , Object Attachment , Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/psychologyABSTRACT
This correlational cross-sectional study was designed to investigate whether the intimate partner violence (IPV) suffered by mothers (physical and psychological maltreatment), child eyewitness of psychological and physical maltreatment suffered by the mother, the neglect suffered by children, and the maltreatment (physical and psychological) directly suffered by children are statistically associated to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms exhibited by the child. In addition, the prevalence of child PTSD was estimated, as well as the concordance between the PTSD symptoms assessed by the Child PTSD Symptom Scale (CPSS) and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR) criteria for child PTSD. The sample consisted of 152 Spanish children aged 8 to 17 and their mothers, who were recruited from Centers of Specialized Assistance for Women Victims of IPV. PTSD prevalence was 20.4%. The results of a canonical correlation analysis showed that the two types of maltreatment with the largest contribution to the canonical variable were physical maltreatment directly suffered by the child, and child eyewitness of physical maltreatment suffered by the mother. The potential developmental pathway of PTSD when both children and mothers suffer severe maltreatment needs to be examined, and this will contribute to the choice of the most effective type of specialized intervention.
Subject(s)
Child Abuse/psychology , Intimate Partner Violence/statistics & numerical data , Mothers/statistics & numerical data , Physical Abuse/psychology , Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/epidemiology , Adolescent , Child , Child Abuse/statistics & numerical data , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Intimate Partner Violence/psychology , Male , Physical Abuse/statistics & numerical data , Prevalence , Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/etiology , Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/psychologyABSTRACT
En este trabajo se exponen las características de los síndromes empíricos de tipo externalizante, así como su prevalencia en una muestra clínica pediátrica. Se utilizó como instrumento el Inventario Clínico Infantil (ICI), basado en la segunda parte del Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), que evalúa comportamientos y emociones. Se ha aplicado a 300 niños y niñas de edades comprendidas entre los 6 y 12 años, de la Unidad de Psicología Clínica Infantil del HospitalUniversitario de Murcia. Mediante la realización de un análisis factorial se han obtenido tres síndromes empíricos equivalentes a los tres trastornos del comportamiento perturbador: Disocial, Oposicionismo-Desafiante y Déficit de Atención con Hiperactividad. Se han obtenido diferentes prevalencias estimadas a partir de puntuaciones propias de la muestra (18,1%,18,5% y 14,5%, respectivamente); y de las correspondientes al percentil 98 del CBCL (44%,28,3% y 40,6%). No hay diferencias entre niños y niñas en Problemas de Conducta (Disocial),mientras que es superior en niños en Oposicionismo-Desafiante. En Déficit de Atención e Hiperactividad los niños presentan una prevalencia más alta que las niñas según corrección CBCL (49,3% y 34,3%), mientras que más niñas presentan este problema mediante el síndrome empírico hallado en la muestra clínica (19,8% frente a 12,2% niños) (AU)
This report shows the characteristics of the empirical type externalizing syndromes, and the diagnostic prevalence rates in a clinic pediatric sample. The instrument used was the ClinicalChild Inventory (ICI) that is based on the second part of the Child Behavior Checklist, to assess behavior and emotions. It was carried out by 300 subjects (males and females, aged 6 to 12 of the Clinical Child Psychology Unit of University Hospital of Murcia, from the consultation pediatric hospital. By conducing factor analysis, three externalizing syndromes that are equal to three disruptive behavior disorders were found: dissocial, oppositional defiant and Attention deficit/hyperactivity. It has been obtained different prevalences estimated from punctuation obtained from our sample (18.1; 18.5 and 14.5 respectively); and the score equal to 98 percentile of CBCL (44%; 28,3% y 40,6%). The results indicate that there are not differences between boys and girls in dissocial disorders; while the oppositional defiant disorder is more prevalent in boys than in girls. About Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, it was found that is more prevalent in boys than in girls using CBCL (49,3% and 34,3%), and more prevalent in girls than in boys using empirical syndrome obtained in this clinic sample (19,8% girls, 12,2% boys) (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Neurodevelopmental Disorders/epidemiology , Neurodevelopmental Disorders/psychology , Sex Factors , PrevalenceABSTRACT
This report shows the characteristics of the empirical type externalizing syndromes, and the diagnostic prevalence rates in a clinic pediatric sample. The instrument used was the Clinical Child Inventory (ICI) that is based on the second part of the Child Behavior Checklist, to assess behavior and emotions. It was carried out by 300 subjects (males and females, aged 6 to 12 of the Clinical Child Psychology Unit of University Hospital of Murcia, from the consultation pediatric hospital. By conducing factor analysis, three externalizing syndromes that are equal to three disruptive behavior disorders were found: dissocial, oppositional defiant and Attention-deficit/hyperactivity. It has been obtained different prevalences estimated from punctuation obtained from our sample (18.1; 18.5 and 14.5 respectively); and the score equal to 98 percentile of CBCL (44%; 28.3% y 40.6%). The results indicate that there are not differences between boys and girls in dissocial disorders; while the oppositional defiant disorder is more prevalent in boys than in girls. About Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, it was found that is more prevalent in boys than in girls using CBCL (49.3% and 34.3%), and more prevalent in girls than in boys using empirical syndrome obtained in this clinic sample (19.8% girls, 12.2% boys).
