[Results of revision after failed surgical treatment for traumatic anterior shoulder instability]. / Cirugía de revisión de la inestabilidad anterior de hombro.

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Persistent or recurrent glenohumeral instability after a previous operative stabilization can be a complex problem. Our aim is to establish the incidence of recurrence and its revision surgery, and to analyse the functional results of the revision instability surgery, as well as to determine surgical protocols to perform it. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 16 patients with recurrent instability out of 164 patients operated on between 1999 and 2011. The mean follow-up was 57 months and the mean age was 29 years. To evaluate functional outcome we employed Constant, Rowe, UCLA scores and the visual analogue scale. RESULTS: Of the 12 patients who failed the initial arthroscopic surgery, 6 patients underwent an arthroscopic antero-inferior labrum repair technique, 4 using open labrum repair techniques, and 2 coracoid transfer. The two cases of open surgery with recurrences underwent surgery for coracoid transfer. Results of the Constant score were excellent or good in 64% of patients. CONCLUSIONS: Surgical revision of instability is a complex surgery essentially for two reasons: the difficulty in recognising the problem, and the technical demand (greater variety and the increasingly complex techniques).

Cirugía de revisión de la inestabilidad anterior de hombro / Results of revision after failed surgical treatment for traumatic anterior shoulder instability

Introducción y objetivos. Aunque las tasa de recidiva tras la cirugía primaria de la inestabilidad no son despreciables, son pocos los estudios que encontramos sobre su cirugía de revisión. Los objetivos de esta serie son establecer la frecuencia de recidiva de la inestabilidad en la misma y de su cirugía de revisión; analizar los resultados funcionales obtenidos, y determinar un protocolo quirúrgico de actuación ante la necesidad de realizar una cirugía de revisión. Material y métodos. Análisis retrospectivo: 16 pacientes con recidiva de inestabilidad tras cirugía previa en 164 pacientes intervenidos entre 1999-2011. Seguimiento medio de 57 meses y edad promedio 29 años. Evaluación de resultados mediante las escalas Constant, Rowe y UCLA. Resultados. De los 12 casos de cirugía artroscópica que recidivaron, en 6 se reparó el labrum mediante artroscopia, en 4 mediante reparación abierta y plicatura capsular, y en 2 mediante trasferencia de coracoides. En los 2 casos de cirugía abierta se realizó una cirugía de trasferencia de coracoides. Las puntuaciones obtenidas en la escala de Constant en el hombro intervenido fueron excelente/buena en el 64% de los pacientes. Conclusiones. Aunque las técnicas de estabilización primaria abierta y/o artroscópica se han perfeccionado mucho, el porcentaje de recurrencia no resulta nada despreciable. De ahí la importancia de establecer un protocolo quirúrgico de actuación como existe para la indicación quirúrgica de una estabilización primaria. Podemos afirmar que los resultados funcionales obtenidos tras la cirugía de revisión resultan satisfactorios para las elevadas demandas funcionales que presentan este tipo de pacientes (AU)

Introduction and objectives. Persistent or recurrent glenohumeral instability after a previous operative stabilization can be a complex problem. Our aim is to establish the incidence of recurrence and its revision surgery, and to analyse the functional results of the revision instability surgery, as well as to determine surgical protocols to perform it. Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis was conducted on 16 patients with recurrent instability out of 164 patients operated on between 1999 and 2011. The mean follow-up was 57 months and the mean age was 29 years. To evaluate functional outcome we employed Constant, Rowe, UCLA scores and the visual analogue scale. Results. Of the 12 patients who failed the initial arthroscopic surgery, 6 patients underwent an arthroscopic antero-inferior labrum repair technique, 4 using open labrum repair techniques, and 2 coracoid transfer. The two cases of open surgery with recurrences underwent surgery for coracoid transfer. Results of the Constant score were excellent or good in 64% of patients. Conclusions. Surgical revision of instability is a complex surgery essentially for two reasons: the difficulty in recognising the problem, and the technical demand (greater variety and the increasingly complex techniques) (AU)