[Analysis of energy intake, macronutrients and micronutrients in a child population]. / Análisis de la ingesta de energía, macronutrientes y micronutrientes en una población infantil.

With the objective to know precisely the qualitative and quantitative food intake of the infant population of a Health Care Area, the weekly intake of Energy, Proteins, Total and Saturated Fat, Food Fiber, Cholesterol, Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium. Iron, Zinc and Vitamin A is studied in 187 pupils, representative of the whole (835 children) population of two schools of Fuenlabrada and Leganés (Madrid), following the Weekly Register technique. Total consumption is quantified, and stratified according to sex and age groups. In order to perform a proper evaluation of these parameters, their adequacy to the Intake Recommendations for age and sex is analyzed, finding an excessive intake of calories, proteins and lipids in all age groups: being saturated Fat a third of the total daily Fat; Carbohydrates intake less than 50% of total energy, which would be desirable to maintain the nutritional ratio. Calcium intake, insufficient in some age group, together with the strong correlation proteins-phosphorus as well as total and saturated Fat with Cholesterol of the diet, allow to conclude that the excessive protein intake is predominantly due to meat products. It is also noted the lower intake of Zinc, Calcium, Magnesium, as to the recommended in certain age groups, therefore said individuals are at risk to suffer deficit of these micronutrients.