ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Up to 30% of patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome require mechanical ventilation and 5% die due to acute complications of mechanical ventilation. There is a considerable group of patients that will need prolonged mechanical ventilation (considered as >14 days) and should be considered for early tracheostomy. The objective of this study is to identify risk factors for prolonged mechanical ventilation. METHODS: We prospectively analyzed patients with Guillain-Barré diagnosis with versus without prolonged mechanical ventilation. We considered clinical and electrophysiological characteristics and analyzed factors associated with prolonged mechanical ventilation. RESULTS: Three hundred and three patients were included; 29% required mechanical ventilation. When comparing the groups, patients with prolonged invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) have a lower score on the Medical Research Council score (19.5 ± 16.2 vs 27.4 ± 17.5, p = 0.03) and a higher frequency of dysautonomia (42.3% vs 19.4%, p = 0.037), as well as lower amplitudes of the distal compound muscle action potential (CMAP) of the median nerve [0.37 (RIQ 0.07-2.25) vs. 3.9 (RIQ1.2-6.4), p = <0.001] and ulnar nerve [0.37 (RIQ0.0-3.72) vs 1.5 (RIQ0.3-6.6), p = <0.001], and higher frequency of severe axonal damage in these nerves (distal CMAP ≤ 1.0 mV). Through binary logistic regression, severe axonal degeneration of the median nerve is an independent risk factor for prolonged IMV OR 4.9 (95%CI 1.1-21.5) p = 0.03, AUC of 0.774, (95%CI 0.66-0.88), p = < 0.001. CONCLUSIONS: Severe median nerve damage is an independent risk factor for prolonged mechanical ventilation.
Subject(s)
Autonomic Nervous System Diseases , Guillain-Barre Syndrome , Humans , Guillain-Barre Syndrome/complications , Respiration, Artificial/adverse effects , Logistic Models , Time FactorsABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Sural sparing is common in Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). However, one third of patients have sural nerve compromise. Its clinical implications associated factors and short-term prognosis are still unknown. The objective of this study is to identify if sural nerve compromise is associated with a worse prognosis and to describe clinical and electrophysiological characteristics in Guillain-Barré syndrome. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We prospectively analyzed patients with Guillain-Barré diagnosis with vs without sural nerve compromise. All patients underwent nerve conduction studies within the first 3â¯days of hospital admission. Clinical and electrophysiological characteristics were compared between groups. RESULTS: 174 patients were included in this study. Acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy was the predominant variant (43.7â¯%). Thirty percent of patients had sural nerve involvement. In the comparative analysis between affected vs unaffected sural groups, age ≥50â¯years and Guillain-Barré disability score ≥3 demonstrated a statistically significant difference. Regarding short-term recovery period for independent walking, there was no significant difference. In the multivariate analysis, age ≥50â¯years was identified as independent factors for sural nerve compromise on admission. CONCLUSION: sural nerve compromise occurs in 30â¯% of patients with GBS and is not associated with a worse functional prognosis. Age ≥50â¯years was identified as an independent factor for sural nerve compromise.
Subject(s)
Guillain-Barre Syndrome , Humans , Middle Aged , Guillain-Barre Syndrome/complications , Guillain-Barre Syndrome/diagnosis , Sural Nerve/physiology , Prognosis , Prospective Studies , Electrophysiological Phenomena , Neural Conduction/physiologyABSTRACT
Este informe preliminar documenta la experiencia clínica con el uso de una prótesis mecánica de bola de fabricación nacional mexicana. Entre mayo de 1985 y marzo de 1986, se efectuaron en forma consecutiva 25 reemplazos valvulares en 23 pacientes: 14 en posición aórtica, 9 mitrales y 2 mitro aórtios. La edad promedio fue de 32 años. La etiología fue reumática en el 95% de los casos. La clase funcional pre-operatorio fué: clase II en 6 pacientes, clase III en 15 pacientes y clase IV en 2 casos. La mortalidad operatoria fue de un caso (4.5%). Se efectuó seguimiento en todos los sobrevivientes con promedio de 5 meses. No se han observado muertes tardías ni complicaciones relacionadas con la prótesis, la curva de sobrevida actuarial a 10 meses es de 96.0%. La mayor parte de los pacientes pasaron a clase funcional I (80%) y II (20%). Nuestro estudio sugiere que la prótesis mecánica de bola Biomed tiene buen funcionamiento y que los resultados clínicos justifican hasta ahora continuar con el uso de ella
