[Treatment with the peptide bioregulator retinalamine in patients with tuberculosis of the organ of vision].

The efficacy of the bioregulator retinalamine in the complex pathogenetic treatment was studied in patients with ocular tuberculosis. Ninety-seven patients (132 eyes) with tuberculous chorioretinitis in the inactive phase were examined. According to the treatment option, the patients were divided into 2 groups: 1) a study group and 2) a control one. Parabulbar injections of retinalamine were made in the study group. In the control one, conventional treatment was used as parabulbar injections of emoxypine (a synthetic antioxidant). As compared with the traditional treatment, retinalamine used in the treatment of patients with tuberculous choriorenitis without clinical signs was ascertained to substantially to improve retinal functional activity, as manifested as a 66.3% increase in visual acuity, a reduction in abnormal scotomas in the field of vision in 72.7% of cases, and electrophysiological parameters as the enhanced activity of the first retinal neuron in 88.3% of case, as shown by the ganz-feld electroretinogram and in 14.3% of cases, as indicated by macular electroretinogram. The higher activity of the second retinal neuron was recorded in 89.6 and 58.4% of cases, as seen in the ganz-feld and macular electroretinograms, respectively. Moreover, inclusion of retinalamine into the complex treatment in patients with tuberculous chorioretinitis slowed down the maturation rate of concomitant age-related cataract and prevented diminished vision in 97.8, 95.6, 66.7, and 53.3% of cases within the first, second, third, and fourth years after treatment, respectively.

[Results of retinalamine use in the treatment of tuberculous chorioretinitis].

The efficiency of the peptide bioregulator retinalamine in the complex treatment of patients with tuberculous chorioretinitis was studied. Ninety-seven patients (69 females and 28 males) with inactive tuberculous chorioretinitis (132 eyes) were followed up. According to the treatment option, the patients were divided into 2 groups: a study group and a control one. Parabulbar injections of retinalamine were used in the study group. The conventional treatment using parabulbar injections of emoxipine (an agent from the group of synthetic antioxidants) was performed in the control group. The results of treatment were assessed by visual acuity, the number of pathological scotomas in the field of vision and the findings of electrophysiological investigations (EPI). Analysis of the results of conventional versus peptide bioregulator therapy used in patients with inactive tuberculous chorioretinitis showed the advantages of retinalamine. This manifested itself as increased visual acuity in 66.3% of the patients receiving retinalamine while in the emoxipine-treated patients, visual acuity increased only in 20% of cases. In the patients taking retinalamine, the positive changes in the field of vision were statistically significant in the number of normal test objects, relative and absolute scotomas while in the emoxipine group, only the reduction in the number of absolute scotomas was significant. The values of EPI suggest that the peptide bioregulator is more effective in enhancing the functional activity of retinal neurons than the synthetic antioxidant.

[Surgery strategies for management of gunshot wounds to urogenital system].

The gunshots injuries of the spleen are relative uncommon by comparison with others abdominal trauma. The rate is 1 to 3% of all injuries to the abdomen. This review presents the most widespread classifications of spleen trauma, current diagnostic--physical examination, sonography, CT, DPL, laparoscopy. The surgical treatment is discussed in the following trends--nonoperative and operative approach depending on patient's condition. The nonoperative treatment is applied to hemodynamically stable patients with established superficial lesions and ceased hemorrhage. In the other cases the operative approach is indicated. The splenectomy is the method of choice and in defined situations spleen tissue autotransplantation is applicable. Other procedures are outlined: spleen preserving resections, splenorrhaphy, mesh repair, ligation of sanguinating vessels, omentoplastic, hemostatic glue or mesh, argon plasma electrocoagulation. Most reported complications following spleen trauma are hemorrhage, infections, thrombocytosis, partial necrosis of stomach, pancreatitis, postsplenectomy sepsis. The mortality varies between 5 and 65%.

[Criteria for the clinical cure of tuberculosis of the eye]. / O kriteriiakh klinicheskogo izlecheniia tuberkuleza glaz.

The results of examination were analyzed in 314 patients with tuberculosis of the eye, including 120 patients having its inactive phase. Tuberculin skin tests were performed in 31 patients; fluorescence angiography and photostress tests were conducted in 122 patients, and 120 patients underwent lacrimal fluid crystallography. To define the cure rate in tuberculosis of the eye, it is necessary to have a complex of criteria: no clinical signs of active tuberculous inflammation in the ocular tunics and environments; no clinical, X-ray, and laboratory manifestations of tuberculosis of other organs; no focal and significant overall reaction to tuberculin injected in doses of 2 and 50 TU. If there are contraindications to tuberculin skin tests to conclude whether the disease is cured, it is necessary to use fluorescence angiography of the fundus of the eye, lacrimal fluid crystallography, and/or photostress tests in combination with biochemical and immunological blood studies.

[Analysis of the market for medical instruments based on patent statistics]. / Analiz rynka meditsinskogo priborostroeniia na osnove patentnoi statistiki.

The paper shows the role and value of patent statistics under the present conditions, analyzes the general economic situation in Russia and the structure of the medical instrument making market by using patent statistics.

[Effectiveness of treating peripapillary geographic choriopathy]. / Effektivnost' lecheniia peripapilliarnoi geograficheskoi khoriopatii.

The results of treatment of 77 patients (127 eyes) with peripapillary geographic choriopathy (PGC) were generalized. The drug therapy gave positive results in 45.4% of cases, relative stabilization was noted in 54.6% of cases. In patients with stages I-II PGC in comparison with stage III the efficacy of treatment was significantly higher. Improvement in the exudative phase of PGC was achieved 2.6 times frequently than in the cicatricial phase. In the patients who received 2-3 courses of therapy annually the likelihood of persistence of the stabilization of the disease is 91.2%, while without treatment it descends to 29.7%. In argon laser coagulation (ALC) the positive result was obtained in 17 out of 26 eyes and retained more than 2 years in 15 out of 23 eyes. After choreoid revascularization (CR) in patients with stages II-III PGC (with visual that in those untreated functions disorders) improvement continued for 17(10 months in all 6 eyes. Operative treatment of retinal detachment in patients with PGC is effective. The findings suggest the higher likelihood of persistence of stabilization in cases of treatment in patients treatment.

[Criteria for clinical recovery in ocular tuberculosis]. / Kriterii klinicheskogo islecheniia tuberkuleza glaz.

The paper analyzes the results of examination of 314 patients with ocular tuberculosis, 120 of them had quiescent tuberculosis. Thirty one patients underwent tuberculin tests; 122 had fluorescence angiography and photo stress test; 120, lacrimal crystallography. To determine the degree of recovery requires a complex of criteria: neither clinical signs of active tuberculous inflammation in the retina and medium of the eye, no clinical, X-ray, and laboratory manifestations of tuberculosis of other sites, or a focal and much significant overall response to tuberculin in doses of 2 TE and 50 TE. If there are contraindications to tuberculin tests, a conclusion on recovery should be made by using fluorescence angiography of the fundus of the eye, crystallography of the tear and/or photo stress test in combination with blood biochemical and immunological studies.

[Specific features of therapeutical and diagnostic process at the Vyborg-3 sanatorium under present day socioeconomic conditions]. / Osobennosti lechebno-diagnosticheskogo protsessa v sanatorii "Vyborg-3" v sovremennykh sotsial'no-ékonomicheskikh usloviiakh.

The Vyborg-3 republican sanatorium is intended to serve 210 patients with ocular tuberculosis. A total of 2521 histories of patients admitted to the sanatorium from different regions of the country were examined. A fourth of the patients needed differential diagnostic studies. In 9% of patients, the tuberculous etiology of eye diseases was excluded. Patients with hematogenic severe and complicated ocular tuberculosis are prevalent every year. The proportion of complicated forms of ocular tuberculosis (cataract, retinal lesions, uveal glaucoma, fibrosis of the vitreous body) is 28%. Therapeutical efficiency in the underlying disease is 92%.

[Treatment effectiveness of patients with ocular tuberculosis at specialized sanatoria]. / Effektivnost' lecheniia bol'nykh tuberkulezom glaz v spetsializirovannykh sanatoriiakh.

The outcomes of treatment of 2908 patients with ocular tuberculosis who were treated at the Vyborg-3, Krasnyi Val, and Plyos sanatoria in 1993 - 1995 are analyzed. These sanatoria used the common guide in evaluating the efficacy of treatment, namely a separate assessment of the outcomes of treatment of the underlying and concurrent diseases. There were no statistical significant differences in therapeutical efficiency at these sanatoria. Therapeutical benefits were obtained in 99.8% of patients in the active phase of the disease.