[Experimental and clinical study of preparation Iridol action on the central nevros system].

In experiment on adult rats male the anxiolitic action of new plant origin drug Iridol, enriched with compounds iridoids, is shown. This effect of Iridol was approximately the same as by diazepam. In patients with arterial hypertension I - II degree, accompanied by psychoemotional disturbances, the use of Iridol in complex treatment increases efficacy of therapy.

[Antihypoxant activity and mechanisms of action of some natural and synthetic compounds].

The role of hypoxia as one of the main factors in the development of various pathologic processes is discussed. The anthihypoxic efficacy and mechanisms action of synthetic drugs (oliphen, amtizole, mexidol) and some polyphenolic agents of plant origin are considered. Among the mechanisms of antihypoxant action of these drugs, an especially important role belongs to the stimulation of expression of heat shock proteins and hypoxia-induced factors, which increase the stability of organism under the conditions of oxygen insufficiency.

[Effectiveness and mechanism of action of a new plant complex drug in nonspecific inflammatory processes in the bronchopulmonary system]. / Effektivnost' i mekhanizm deistviia novogo kompleksnogo sredstva rastitel'nogo proiskhozhdeniia pri nespetsificheskikh vospalitel'nykh protsessakh v bronkholegochnoi sisteme.

The elixir Bronchofit is an aqueous-alcoholic extract from 7 kinds of plants. It is a balanced compound, rich in biologically active substances including essential oils and flavonoids, possessing a wide spectrum of pharmacological activity. On the model of frog's palate the elixir enhanced the transport function of the ciliated epithelium. On the model "karragenin edema" bronchofit showed a marked anti-inflammatory activity. A noticeable therapeutic effect was registered in rats with induced bronchopulmonary inflammation. Bronchial secretion contained reduced content of glycosaminoglycans while bronchial lavage did of histamine. Also, bronchofit demonstrated a prominent antioxidative activity, an antibacterial action in relation to Str. pyogenes and Bac. cereus. By a total complex of the activities bronchofit is a promising medicine against bronchopulmonary inflammation.

[Design and study of new agents having antitubercular activity: the original compound perchlosone as a potent agent of etiotropic therapy for tuberculosis]. / Konstruirovanie i issledovanie novykh veshchestv, obladaiushchikh protivotuberkuleznoi aktivnost'iu: original'noe soedinenie perkhlozon kak vozmozhnoe sredstvo étiotropnoi terapii tuberkuleza.

Studies dealing with the design of new antituberculous agents based on goal-oriented synthesis have provided the agent Perchlosone which is similar to isoniazid and rifampicin, produces in tuberculostatic activity against sensitive laboratory cultured mycobacteria, produces an inhibitory action on polyresistant clinical strains. Experiments on animals (mice, rabbits) with experimental tuberculosis have established that Perchlosone and isoniazid have equal therapeutical properties, and the former shows a synergist interaction with rifampicin, has neither mutagenic activity nor negative effects on immunity and the surfactant system of the lung.

[Cytokine production during the development and correction of an immunodeficiency in experimental tuberculosis]. / Produktsiia nekotorykh tsitokinov v khode razvitiia i korrektsii immunodefitsita pri eksperimental'nom tuberkuleze.

The authors investigated spontaneous and induced secretion of cytokins at different stages of generalized tuberculosis. In the development of infection there were inhibited IL-2 synthesis in response to ConA, emerging activity of PNO-alpha in response to the inductors in blood serum and culture of peritoneal macrophages, enhanced secretion of IL-6. Complete immunodeficiency was associated with cessation of IL-2 synthesis by splenocytes, elevated production of IL-6 by peritoneal macrophages, low concentrations of PNO-alpha in the serum and peritoneal macrophage cultures. In the treatment of M. bovis-infected mice with antibacterial drugs alone IL-6 secretion by peritoneal macrophages and PNO-alpha activity in the serum were increased. Immunocorrection resulted in marked activation of IL-2 production by splenocytes in response to ConA as well as enhanced synthesis of IL-6 in unstimulated cultures of peritoneal macrophages.

[Immunotropic activity of antimicrobial agents used in tuberculosis]. / Immunotropnaia aktivnost' protivomikrobnykh sredstv, ispol'zuemykh vo ftiziatrii.

Mice with experimental tuberculosis were given isoniazid, rifampicin, erythromycin, cefotaxime, ofloxacin. Erythromycin, cefotaxime and ofloxacin enhanced macrophage activity if their course did not exceed 2-4 weeks. Isoniazid and rifampicin for a short time inhibited macrophage activity then stimulated it. These findings led the authors to the conclusion that erythromycin, cefotaxime and ofloxacin must be used only in short courses.

[Experimental model of combined pathology of tuberculosis-opisthorchiasis]. / Eksperimental'naia model' sochetannoi patologii tuberkulez-opistorkhoz.

An experimental model of tuberculosis-opisthorchiasis pathology was developed. The results of two experimental series with the use of this model showed that in cases with mixed pathology the specific process is aggravated irrespective of whether the infectious process develops in opisthorchiasis or the latter occurs in attendance to tuberculosis. Delayed hypersensitivity in such cases is suppressed markedly in the absence of its initial activation.

[Cephalosporins as possible methods of etiotropic therapy of tuberculosis]. / Tsefalosporiny kak vozmozhnye sredstva étiotropnoi terapii tuberkulëza.

Cephalosporin antibiotics cefamezin (I generation drug sensitive to beta-lactamase) and cefotaxime (III generation drug resistant to beta-lactamase) have been tested for antituberculous activity. The latter was found dependent on resistance to mycobacterial beta-lactamase. A minimal inhibiting concentration of cefotaxime was similar to that of etambutol and tisamid. Cefotaxime also enhanced tuberculostatic and bactericidal effect of isoniazid and rifampicin. Combination cefotaxime+isoniazid+rifampicin proved more effective than cefotaxime+etambutol+tisamid. The effectiveness against tuberculosis of the beta-lactamase resistant cephalosporin points to the validity of further research for active phthisiatric drugs among III generation cephalosporins.

[Evaluation of the severity of tuberculous process in mouse lung]. / Otsenka tiazhesti tuberkuleznogo protsessa v legkikh myshei.

A method for quantitative evaluation of lung affection degree in experimental tuberculosis mice has been elaborated according to the findings of macroscopic study. Consideration is given not only to the productive changes in the lungs, but also to the manifestation degree of exudative reactions. The proposed criteria are presented in a formalized pattern that is suitable for any mathematical treatment.

[Effect of plasmapheresis on the course of experimental tuberculosis and the tolerance of chemotherapy by patients with renal tuberculosis]. / Vliianie plazmafereza na techenie éksperimental'nogo tuberkuleza i perenosimost' khimioterapii ftiziourologicheskimi bol'nymi.

A plasmapheresis (PA) model was developed to be used in chronic rabbit experiments. Test results obtained in 96 generalized tuberculosis animals demonstrated a more benign tuberculosis process in animals subjected to plasmapheresis, which was confirmed by parameters of the coefficients of mass and indices of animals' organ affecting, findings of the cation-lysosomal test and peptide molecules content in the peripheral blood. Rabbit studies involving registration of bromsulphalein half-life, hepatic blood flow and relative parenchymatous clearing showed that the isoniazide and rifampicin action significantly decreased under the PA influence. Studies in a hospital accommodating 90 patients with different renal tuberculosis forms and poor tuberculostatic tolerance showed that PA promoted restoration of tolerance to specific preparations and renal function improvement. PA was found to be practicable and safe method which relieves side effects of antituberculous preparations and contributes to tuberculosis treatment efficiency.

[New approaches to the treatment of mycobacterioses of the lungs]. / Novye podkhody k lecheniiu mikobakteriozov legkikh.

The paper deals with improvement of pulmonary mycobacterioses treatment. In the preliminary experiments with the use of an experimental model, 32 regimens of M. avium mycobacteriosis treatment were tested on 872 white mice and the most efficient one was chosen, which comprised a combination of kanamycin-ethambutol-thionamide coupled with sulfadimethoxine and thymalin courses. The clinical course and results of treatment of 43 patients (23 of the main and 20 of the control group) with fibro-cavernous pulmonary mycobacteriosis were studied. Employment of the new treatment regimen significantly enhanced its efficiency--the incidence of bacillary excretion cessation increased from 30 to 82.6%.

[Use of dimephosphon in pathogenetic therapy of experimental tuberculosis]. / Ispol'zovanie dimefosfona v kachestve sredstva patogeneticheskoi terapii éksperimental'nogo tuberkuleza.

The results of a study of a new synthetic drug dimephosphon used as a pathogenetic means in the treatment of experimental tuberculosis are presented. Dimephosphon was found to be responsible for both the in vivo and in vitro decrease of the degree of MBT resistance to rifampicin. The findings of macroscopic, histologic and bacteriologic examinations demonstrated a significant increase in the effectiveness of antituberculous therapy. Dimephosphon monotherapy in mice elicited manifested stimulation of peritoneal macrophages: increase in O2- production, and decline in extracellular 5-nucleotidase activity. Nemolysine-synthetic cellular splenic activity in mice rose essentially. No direct stimulating influence of dimephosphon on functional macrophage activity in vitro was found.

[The results of the use of riboxin in the combined treatment of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis]. / Rezul'taty ispol'zovaniia riboksina v kompleksnoi terapii bol'nykh tuberkulezom legkikh.

Studies with infected animals showed that riboxine (inosine) having anabolic, antifibrotic, immunostimulating, antihypoxic and hepatoprotective activities, by the level of its therapeutic effect was not inferior to levamisole or sodium oxybutyrate and exceeded methyluracil. The evidence of the riboxine therapeutic effect mostly correlated with the antihypoxic activity. The use of riboxine at the early stages in the treatment of new cases with infiltrative destructive tuberculosis of the lungs of lobar and polysegmental extent promoted normalization of gaseous metabolism, significant improvement of capillary blood flow in the destructive zone, earlier and more frequent arresting of intoxication signs, sputum abacillation and elimination of the destructive cavities.