[Macromolecular systems and bactericidal films based on chitin derivatives and silver nanoparticles].

A new polymer composite based on carboxymethylchitin and silver nanoparticles was obtained in order to produce biodegradable wound coating films. The number of metal nanoparticles in the composite may be easily regulated as was verified by UV-VIS-spectroscopy data. A comparative evaluation of silver nanoparticle size in the initial system and in the polymer composition was performed by means of photon correlation spectroscopy. Composite films revealed a pronounced concentration-dependent antibacterial activity towards strains Salmonella typhimurium and Staphilococcus aureus.

[The antimutagenic activity of ternary diallyl copolymers]. / Antimutagennaia aktivnost' troinykh sopolimerov diallil'nogo riada.

Antimutagenic activity of triple copolymers of diallyl origin was investigated by animal cell test (mouse bone marrow erythrocytes, 1.5 Gy of gamma irradiation) and by plant cell test (seeds of barley, 5 Gy of gamma irradiation). Effective protection of genetic structure was achieved owing to combination of moderate antimutagenic activity of the polymer matrix and scavenging ability of sterically hindered phenols in the polymer side chain.

[Transcranial electrostimulation (the mechanism of its action and its analgesic and associated effects)]. / Transkranial'naia élektrostimuliatsiia (mekhanizm vozdeistviia, anal'geticheskii i sopriazhennye éffekty).

As seen from various publications, the adjuvant use of transcranial electrostimulation (TCE) stimulates ulcer healing (the defect healed 2-3.5 times faster), promotes normalization of serum gastrin levels both in its high and low values produces analgetic, membrane stabilizing, reparative, sedative, immunomodulating and antitumor effects. The method is easy to perform, convenient, has no contraindications and serious complications.

[Characteristics of enzymatic function of the stomach in gastroduodenal diseases in children with regard to gastric carcinogenesis]. / Osobennosti fermentativnoi funktsii zheludka pri gastroduodenal'noi patologii u detei v aspekte gastrokantserogeneza.

The paper deals with a description of the biochemical properties of the isoforms of pepsinogen pepsin of gastric mucosa and blood serum in children suffering from duodenal ulcerative disease as well as in atrophic and subtrophic lesions of gastric mucosa. Atrophic gastritis was found to involve an inhibited biosynthesis of the Ist fraction of pepsinogen while ulcerative-erosive lesions of the gastro-duodenal area--an increased level of the 3rd isoform of pepsinogen.

[Lactate dehydrogenase isozyme profile in gastric mucosa as an early marker of possible neoplastic pathology in children with chronic gastroduodenal diseases]. / Izofermentnyi spektr laktatdegidrogenazy slizistoi obolochki zheludka kak rannii marker vozmozhnoi onkopatologii u detei s khronicheskimi gastroduodenal'nymi zabolevaniiami.

The lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) isoenzyme profile was studied in bioptic samples of gastric mucosa taken from 57 infantile patients suffering from chronic gastroduodenal pathology and 7 children with gastric functional disorders. The investigation showed LDH1 level to decrease and that of LDH5 to increase, the LDH5/LDH1 ratio increasing accordingly, in cases of erosive gastro-like gastroduodenitis and duodenal ulcers. The degree of said changes was found to correlate with the extent of morphological lesions of gastric mucosa and the most pronounced changes were recorded in cases of gastric mucosa gland atrophy. Similar changes in LDH isoenzyme profile had been identified in patients with gastric tumors. Said findings may be used in identification of groups at high risk for gastric carcinoma.

[The dependence of the nitrosation activity of the gastric juice in humans on their age and the type of pathological status of the gastric mucosa]. / Zavisimost' nitroziruiushchei aktivnosti zheludochnogo soka liudei ot vozrasta i tipa patologicheskogo sostoianiia slizistoi obolochki zheludka.

The study involved two groups of patients aged 6-14 and 40-60 years, and identification of different conditions of gastric mucosa. The study has established a correlation between the nitrosation activity and acidity of gastric juice and the pathological condition of the gastric mucosa. Enhanced nitrosation activity was observed in samples with a pH under 4.0. That activity was at its lowest in cases of normal gastric mucosa, and at its peak--in high-acidity superficial and erosive gastritis. In cases of superficial gastritis with similar levels of acidity, the nitrosation activity of gastric juice for different amines in children was 2-4 times that in adults. The difference in nitrosation levels for different amines tended to diminish with the decrease in the basicity of the amine in question. A linear correlation was observed between the free-radical activity of gastric juice samples and nitrosation activity (correlation coefficient, k = 0.72).

[The pepsinogen-pepsin system in gastroduodenal pathology in children]. / Sistema pepsinogen-pepsin pri gastroduodenal'noi patologii u detei.

The changes in the pepsinogen pepsin system reflect the degree of morphological alterations in the gastric mucosa. Based on the results of examining 98 children suffering from gastroduodenal diseases, the possibility is shown of distinguishing genetic and biochemical markers of duodenal ulcer. The characteristic features of the isoenzymic spectrum of pepsinogen-pepsin in different gastroduodenal diseases are demonstrated.