ABSTRACT
It is proposed to combine the traditional method of microscopic assessment of the results of absorption-elution reaction and the gel-filtration technique with the use of the ScanGel immunohematology system (Bio-Rad Laboratories, USA) in blood grouping tests. The study was designed to select monoclonal antibodies suitable for the purpose and optimize conditions of gel filtration. It is concluded that the combined method allows for rapid differential grouping of the large number of blood spots, promotes objectivization of assay results, and lightens the work of the operator carrying out serial analyses.
Subject(s)
ABO Blood-Group System , Blood Grouping and Crossmatching/methods , Blood Stains , Hemagglutination Tests/methods , ABO Blood-Group System/immunology , Antibodies, Monoclonal , Forensic Medicine/methods , Humans , Reproducibility of ResultsABSTRACT
Analysis of microscopic amounts of human tissues and excreta is one of the most difficult forms of forensic medical expert examination of material evidence. The integrated approach proposed for the purpose includes both parallel and successive analyses of all constituent components of a given biological object using a battery of methods, such as destructive, partially destructive, and non-destructive tests. The integrated approach makes it possible to obtain reliable information at the initial stages of the study and substantially reduce the scope of work in case of early negative results in order to diminish labour inputs and save expensive reagents. Special importance should be given to the coordination of joint activities of specialists engaged in immunochemical, cytomorphological, and genetic studies.
Subject(s)
Cytological Techniques , Forensic Medicine , Genetic Techniques , Blood Group Antigens/analysis , Cytological Techniques/methods , Cytological Techniques/standards , DNA/analysis , Forensic Medicine/methods , Forensic Medicine/organization & administration , Forensic Medicine/standards , Genetic Techniques/standards , Hair/chemistry , Humans , Russia , Saliva/chemistry , Saliva/cytologyABSTRACT
A one-step modification ofimmunoenzyme assay (dot variant) is proposed for the detection of ABH-Lewis antigens in human discharges (saliva, sperm, vaginal discharge). Sensitivity and specificity of the new method is higher than those of other methods currently used in forensic medicine for the detection of antigens in human body discharges; its other advantages over routine techniques include procedural simplicity, high performance, and the possibility of conducting series measurements with minimal labour inputs. Moreover, it provides information not only about group characteristic but also about category of discharge. The analysis is carried out in supernatant fractions which permits to reserve cellular material for molecular-genetic studies.
Subject(s)
ABO Blood-Group System/analysis , Bodily Secretions/immunology , Forensic Medicine/methods , Immunoenzyme Techniques/methods , Lewis Blood Group Antigens/analysis , ABO Blood-Group System/immunology , Female , Humans , Lewis Blood Group Antigens/immunology , Male , Saliva/chemistry , Saliva/immunologyABSTRACT
A method is proposed for ABO grouping of human hair microfragments 1.5-2.0 cm in length. The method is a modification of the absorption-elution reaction (AER) for monoclonal antibodies (MCA). MCA manufactured by Gematolog Ltd. (Russia) as well as Bioclone anti-A and anti-B reagents (Ortho-Clinical Diagnostics, USA) proved suitable for hair typing. A series of procedures for sample preparation and treatment in the reaction, such as the heating of a hair stem on a boiling water bath and the addition of a non-ionic detergent (Tween 20) to the working solution, were used to prevent non-specific results of the analysis. It is emphasized that each analysis must be made in duplicate.
