[Objective assessment of trauma severity in patients with spleen injuries].

The work presents an analysis of condition severity of 139 casualties with isolated and combined spleen injuries on admission to a surgical hospital. The assessment of condition severity was made using the traditional gradation and score scale VPH-SP. The degree of the severity of combined trauma of the spleen was determined by the scales ISS. The investigation showed that the scale ISS and VPH-SP allowed objective measurement of the condition severity of patients with spleen trauma. The score assessment facilitated early detection of the severe category of the patients, determined the diagnostic algorithm and the well-timed medical aid.

[Postoperative acute pancreatitis after treatment of traumatic spleen lesion].

Results of the surgical treatment of 96 patients with isolated blunt spleen trauma and 43 patients with intraoperative spleen injury were analyzed. Acute postoperative pancreatitis developed in 20 patients (14,4%). Interdependence between the type and extent of the operative spleen treatment and pancreatitis frequency was registered. Of 93 splenectomized patients 18 (19,4%) developed postoperative pancreatitis, and of 46 patients, who had an organ-preserving operation, pancreatitis was registered in only 2 cases (4,3%). Thus, spleen-preserving operations allow to decrease the frequency of postoperative pancreatitis. Method of the reversible spleen mobilization increases the possibilities of the organ-preserving treatment in case of hard-to-reach ruptures.

[Thrombocytosis after splenectomy in children].

A comparative analysis of certain hematological indices was made in 50 children with traumatic injuries of the spleen. Splenectomy was fulfilled in 29 patients, organ-sparing treatment in 21 patients. There were no lethal outcomes. Five children during laparotomy were found to have an accessory spleen. In 7 (24.1%) patients there was thrombocytosis from 3-6 days after splenectomy, coming to its maximum in 10-12 days. After organ-sparing treatment and in children with an accessory spleen after splenectomy no thrombocytosis was observed in the postoperative period.

[Metabolism of lactic acid stereoisomers in living organisms]. / Metabolizm stereoizomerov molochnoi kisloty v zhivykh organizmakh.

The present state of one of the sections of dynamic biochemistry concerning lactic acid enantiomers metabolism has been examined. Data on the distribution and activity of L- and D-lactate NAD+ oxidoreductases in various biological objects have been summed up. Probable involvement of prochiral and chiral compounds that stimulated biogenesis in the processes of quasi-metabolism self-organization and chiral purity of biosphere has been supposed.

[Metabolism of methylglyoxal and malignant neoplasms]. / Metabolizm metilglioksalia i zlokachestvennye novoobrazovaniia.

The present notions on the metabolism of methylglyoxal, an endogenic controller of cellular proliferation, are adduced. The interaction between metabolism of methylglyoxal and that of carbohydrates, proteins and lipids is demonstrated. The metabolic chart has been worked out and enzymes catalyzing methylglyoxal metabolic reactions are determined. The effect of methylglyoxal and its bisguanylhydrazones derivatives on the processes of cellular proliferation control has been examined.

[Methylglyoxal shunt of glycolysis in animal muscles]. / Metilglioksalevyi shunt glikoliza v myshtsakh zhivotnykh.

The comparative activity of the methyglyoxalic bypass of the glycolysis has been studied in muscles of vertebrates and invertebrates. An assumption is advanced that the methylglyoxalic bypass is related to the energy exchange, dissociation of catabolism and anabolism of carbohydrates and proteins maintenance of the constant level of asymmetrical entropy in vivo.

[Methylglyoxal: metabolism and biological activity]. / Metilglioksal': metabolizm i biologicheskaia aktivnost'.

The enzymic formation of methylglyoxal from dihydroxyacetone phosphate and aminoacetone (metabolites of carbohydrates and proteins) is considered. Methylglyoxal transformation into lactic and pyruvic acids is related to energy metabolism, catabolism and anabolism dissociation processes in carbohydrates and proteins, and, probably, to maintenance of asymmetrical entropy in vivo on the constant level. Attention is paid to the methylglyoxal inhibition of enzymes, its interaction with glutathione and polyamines affecting the mechanisms regulating protein synthesis and cellular division. The methods for obtaining and quantitative determination of methylglyoxal are described.

[Effect of combined anesthetics on the activity of various myocardium enzymes]. / Vliianie sredstv kombinirovannogo narkoza na aktivnost' nekotorykh fermentov miokarda.

It is demonstrated by experiments with rabbits that the Ca2+-ATP-ase activity is stabilized when using combined anesthetics (diacetylcholine + halothane + N2O) as distinct from application of halothane. A decrease in the cholinesterase activity is less pronounced than under the halothane action but more than with the diacetylcholine application. A decrease in the Na+, K+-ATP-ase activity is observed with all types of anesthesia. A considerable inhibition of creatine kinase under the action of combined anesthesia and halothane and an increase of the lactate dehydrogenase activity under diacetylcholine application in mitochondria are shown. Reliable differences in the succinic dehydrogenase activity are not detected.

[Formation of pyruvic and lactic acids in muscles diluted homogenate differing from the generally accepted glycolysis scheme]. / Obrazovanie pirovinogradnoi i molochnoi kislot v razvedennom Gomogenate myshts otlichnym ot obshchepriniatoi skhemy glikoliza putem.

When studying formation of pyruvic and lactic acids from fructose diphosphate the effect of dilution is found in the process of muscles homogenate incubation. Pyruvic acid accumulates only in samples with magnesium chloride added. The increase of lactic acid remains constant irrespectively of availability of conditions for pyruvate formation. Phosphoglycerate and phosphoenolpyruvate form pyruvic acid only in samples with magnesium chloride added without forming lactic acid. It is shown that in the muscles diluted homogenate (25 mg per 6 ml of mixture) lactic acid is formed under conditions unsuitable for pyruvic acid formation. Lactic acid is formed omitting the stages of 2-phosphoglycerate, phosphoenolpyruvate and pyruvate i.e. in the pathway different from a classical scheme of glycolysis.

[Quantitative determination of lactate, puruvate and methylglyoxa in their mixture]. / Kolichestvennoe opredelenie laktata, piruvata i metilglioksalia v ikh smesi.

A method is suggested for nonenzymic spectrophotometric determination of the content of lactic, pyruvic acids and methylglyoxal in their mixture without mutual interference. The determination may be conducted in the biological material after removing protein. 2,4 dinitrophenylhydrazine hydrochloride solution is added to the solution containing the above-mentioned components, then it is centrifuged. The content of lactate and pyruvate is determined in the supernatant fluid, that of methylglyoxal--in the sediment.

[Splitting of fructose diphosphate by muscle and tumor homogenates]. / Rasshcheplenie fruktozodifosfata gomogenatami myshts i opukholei.

Effect of MgCl2 and ATP on the elevation in lactate, pyruvate and methylglyoxale content was studied on incubation of fructosediphosphate with muscle and tumor homogenates. Muscle homogenate accumulated lactate, pyruvate and methyglyoxale more intensively as compared with tumor homogenate. Pyruvate was formed only in presence of MgCl2 and ATP, although it did not practically affect the elevation of lactate in muscle homogenate. The data obtained suggest that tumor homogenate does not contain the enzymatic system involved in methylglyoxale formation.