Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 20 de 24
Filter
Add more filters










Publication year range
1.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26950982

ABSTRACT

AIM: Study the spectrum of resistance to antibiotics and its variability of Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Burkholderia cepacia complex (BCC), persisting in lungs of MV patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 312 strains of S. aureus, 213 strains of P. aeruginosa, 186 strains of BCC were studied. Monitoring of antibiotics sensitivity was carried out in strains, isolated from 30 patients with chronic S. aureus infection, from 22 patients with chronic BCC infection and from 21 patients with chronic pseudomonas infection. Interval of monitoring was from 14 days to 5 years 7 months. RESULTS: Study of S. aureus, P. aeruginosa and BCC strains has shown, that 35 and 33.3% of cases of staphylococcus infection, 37 and 46% of pseudomonas infection in children and adults, respectively, 100% of BCC infections were determined by multi-resistant clones. Study of genotypically identical strains, isolated from a single patient at different stages, has shown a change in antibiotics sensitivity as a result of persistence. CONCLUSION: Persisent infection of lungs in patients with MV is determined: by exchanging clones with varying antibiotics sensitivity or prolonged circulation of a single clone with a high degree of phenotypical and genotypical variability, that determine alteration of seeding of sensitive and resistant strains from the same patient during monitoring. This confirms the necessity of study of antibiotics sensitivity of strains for prescription of antibacterial therapy.


Subject(s)
Burkholderia cepacia complex/drug effects , Cystic Fibrosis/microbiology , Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/drug effects , Staphylococcus aureus/drug effects , Adult , Anti-Bacterial Agents/classification , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Bacterial Typing Techniques , Burkholderia Infections/drug therapy , Burkholderia Infections/microbiology , Burkholderia Infections/pathology , Burkholderia cepacia complex/genetics , Burkholderia cepacia complex/growth & development , Burkholderia cepacia complex/isolation & purification , Child , Clone Cells , Cystic Fibrosis/drug therapy , Cystic Fibrosis/pathology , Female , Genotype , Humans , Lung/drug effects , Lung/microbiology , Lung/pathology , Male , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Pseudomonas Infections/drug therapy , Pseudomonas Infections/microbiology , Pseudomonas Infections/pathology , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/genetics , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/growth & development , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/isolation & purification , Staphylococcal Infections/drug therapy , Staphylococcal Infections/microbiology , Staphylococcal Infections/pathology , Staphylococcus aureus/genetics , Staphylococcus aureus/growth & development , Staphylococcus aureus/isolation & purification
2.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22937715

ABSTRACT

AIM: Study features of persistence of Burkholderia cepacia in mucoviscidosis patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the period from 2008 to 2009, 56 B. cepacia strains isolated from children with mucoviscidosis were obtained. 114 medical histories of children with mucoviscidosis from various age groups were analyzed. The developed algorithm for identification and typing including phenotype and molecular biology methods was used to identify B. cepacia bacteria. Strain genotyping was carried out by RAPD-PCR with random oligonucleotide primer as well as pulse-electrophoresis. RESULTS: Persistence of associations ofmicroogranisms in 59.4% of cases was established to be the feature of persistent infection in mucoviscidosis. The feature of persistence of B. cepacia strains in patients with diagnosis ofmuco-viscidosis mixed form, severe course is persistence in association with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. B. cepacia bacteria that can persist in mucoviscidosis patients are characterized by resistance to many antibiotics. A prolonged (up to 1 year and 5 months) persistence of B. cepacia strains isolated from 1 patient was proven by using microflora monitoring of lower respiratory tract. CONCLUSION: B. cepacia bacteria may colonize lower respiratory tract of mucoviscidosis patients, persist for a long time and be transmitted between patients.


Subject(s)
Burkholderia Infections/microbiology , Burkholderia cepacia/pathogenicity , Cystic Fibrosis/microbiology , DNA, Bacterial/genetics , Pseudomonas Infections/microbiology , Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Bacterial Typing Techniques , Burkholderia Infections/complications , Burkholderia Infections/drug therapy , Burkholderia cepacia/classification , Burkholderia cepacia/physiology , Child , Cystic Fibrosis/complications , DNA Fingerprinting , DNA Primers , DNA, Bacterial/analysis , Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial , Humans , Phylogeny , Pseudomonas Infections/complications , Pseudomonas Infections/drug therapy , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/physiology , Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique , Respiratory System/drug effects , Respiratory System/microbiology , Respiratory System/pathology
4.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20218338

ABSTRACT

AIM: To study microflora of lower respiratory tract of children from different age groups with cystic fibrosis during follow-up for determination of its variability and possible sources of infectious complications. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred forty-one medical histories of patients from different age groups with cystic fibrosis living in various regions of Russian Federation were analyzed. Eighty-four children with cystic fibrosis living in Moscow and Moscow region treated as outpatients and inpatients were prospectively followed. For identification and characterization of microorganisms, microbiological, molecular biological, and statistical methods were used. RESULTS: It was demonstrated that chronic pseudomonas, staphylococcal or mixed infection was already diagnosed in 25% of children aged 1-4 years, and identified in 80% of patients to the age of 18 years. In two-thirds of cases association of microorganisms was identified, and in hospitalized patients these associations were comprised by 3-5 microorganisms in 60% of cases. Aside from main agents in associations (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus), representatives of Gram-negative nonfermentative microorganisms (Burkholderia cepacia, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Acinetobacter baumanii) were often identified that possibly determined by tropism of these species to lung tissue. CONCLUSION: Chronic mixed infection is characteristic for patients with cystic fibrosis. Identification of possible mechanisms of lung infection in patients with cystic fibrosis will allow to develop evidence-based system of prevention of infectious complications in these patients.


Subject(s)
Cystic Fibrosis/microbiology , Gram-Negative Bacteria/isolation & purification , Lung/microbiology , Respiratory Tract Infections/microbiology , Staphylococcus aureus/isolation & purification , Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Chronic Disease , Cystic Fibrosis/complications , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/isolation & purification , Respiratory Tract Infections/complications , Retrospective Studies , Russia
5.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19715201

ABSTRACT

AIM: To study influence of chemically synthesized lactones with different length of carbonic chain on formation of biofilms by Burkholderia cepacia and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty-four strains of B. cepacia including reference strains and clinical isolates as well as etalon strain PA103 of P. aeruginosa were used. Lactones C4 [N-(3-hydroxybutanoyl-L-gomoserine lactone], C6 [N-(3-oxoohexanoyl)-L-gomoserine lactone], C8 [N-(3-oxooctanoyl)-L-gomoserine lactone], C0 [L-gomoserine lactone-HBr] were synthesized and purified by column chromatography. Formation of biofilms was studied by determination the ability of B. capacia strains to adhesion on the surface of 96-well polystyrene plate. RESULTS: Ability to biofilms formation was identified in 83.3% studied strains. It was shown that lactones C4+C8 and C6+C8 when added to cultivation medium improve growth of B. cepacia biofilm. Analysis of optical density (OD) values for P. aeruginosa biofilm revealed that lactones C4, C8, C4+C6, C4+C8, C6+C8 inhibit the formation of biofilm. The most prominent decrease of P. aeruginosa biofilm OD was observed during growth of culture in presence of C0. CONCLUSION: Obtained data point to different effects of lactones and their combinations on formation of biofilms by B. cepacia and P. aeruginosa. Suppression of biofilm formation by P. aeruginosa induced by lactone C0 confirms the need for development of new bacteriostatic drugs, which will be able to inhibit function of the "quorum sensing" regulatory system.


Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Biofilms/drug effects , Burkholderia cepacia/drug effects , Lactones/pharmacology , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/drug effects , Quorum Sensing/drug effects , Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemical synthesis , Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry , Biofilms/growth & development , Burkholderia cepacia/physiology , Culture Media , Lactones/chemical synthesis , Lactones/chemistry , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/physiology
6.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17523420

ABSTRACT

Biofilm formation was studied in 54 strains of Burkholderia cepacia complex isolated in 7 Moscow hospitals. 80% of strains (biofilm groups I and II) had the capacity to biofilm formation and only 16.7% of strains (group III) were not capable to biofilm formation. Molecular genetic methods allowed to identify one of the epidemic markers (CBL, IS hybrid sequence, Burkholderia Cepacia Epidemic Strain Marker - BCESM) in 46.7, 23.3, and 33.3% of strains from group I, II, and III respectively. Gene cepR from the Quorum Sensing system was identified in three biofilm groups in nearly equal frequency (92.3, 96.2 and 100% for group I, II, and III respectively), whereas cepl gene was found more often in group I (76.9%) and II (65.4%). Strains from all three groups had protease and lipase activity and 13.3% of group I strains had chitinolytic activity. B. cepacia strains from group I produced hemolysin in 33.3% of cases, from group II--in 26.6%, and from group III--in 11.1% of cases. The majority of Moscow hospital strains of B. cepacia complex were identified as B. cenocepacia (genomovar III, group A). RAPD-PCR method enabled to differentiate isolated strains into several genotypic variants. 13.3% of strains from group I were susceptible to imipenem/ciprofloxacin, as well as 33.3% of isolates from group II and 44.4% of isolates from group III.


Subject(s)
Biofilms/growth & development , Burkholderia cepacia complex/physiology , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Anti-Infective Agents/pharmacology , Bacterial Proteins/genetics , Biomarkers , Burkholderia Infections/microbiology , Burkholderia cepacia complex/classification , Burkholderia cepacia complex/drug effects , Ciprofloxacin/pharmacology , Escherichia coli Proteins/genetics , Hemolysin Proteins/metabolism , Humans , Imipenem/pharmacology , Ligases/genetics , Lipase/metabolism , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Moscow , Peptide Hydrolases/metabolism , Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique , Species Specificity , Transcription Factors/genetics
7.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16279539

ABSTRACT

The results of the statistical treatment of data on the analyses of 766 children, the residents of Moscow, for dysbacteriosis are presented; of these children, 34 were aged up to 1 month and 732, from 1 month to 1 year. This study revealed that in the fist year of life in children with dysbacteriosis the dominating bacterial species were S. aureus, bacteria of the genus Klebsiella and fungi of the genus Candida. From the intestine of children aged up to 1 month S. aureus and Klebsiella were isolated more often than from children aged up to 1 year. The results of the study of antibioticograms demonstrated that 21.6% of S. aureus strains and 74.4% of Klebsiella strains were multiresistant to antibiotics. Taking into account the fact that multiresistance to antibiotics was characteristic of hospital strains, the suggestion was made that the isolated strains were of hospital origin and such strains could colonize the intestine of children in maternity hospitals.


Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Cross Infection/microbiology , Gastrointestinal Diseases/microbiology , Klebsiella Infections/microbiology , Klebsiella/drug effects , Staphylococcal Infections/microbiology , Staphylococcus aureus/drug effects , Candida/isolation & purification , Candidiasis/microbiology , Cross Infection/transmission , Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial , Hospitals, Maternity , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Infectious Disease Transmission, Professional-to-Patient , Klebsiella/isolation & purification , Klebsiella Infections/transmission , Russia , Staphylococcal Infections/transmission , Staphylococcus aureus/isolation & purification , Urban Population
8.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16146232

ABSTRACT

The analysis of the intestinal microflora in 2,378 patients of different age revealed changes in the state of enteric microflora in all examined patients. In the maximum percent of cases a decrease in the amount of bifidobacteria was observed in children of up to 1 month old and in the amount of lactobacilli, in children aged 6 - 14 years. In patients of all age groups the representatives of such facultative microflora as Staphylococcus aureus or fungi of the genus Candida dominated. The highest proportion of isolated staphylococci was characteristic of children in the first year of life. In the highest percent of cases a decrease in the amount of Escherichia coli with typical properties was observed in persons over 65 years old. Other enterobacteria were most often isolated from adults aged 56 - 65, but the percentage of their isolation was 1.5 times lower than that of Candida. The conclusion was made that the treatment of patients with quantitative and qualitative disturbances of normal enteric microflora needed individual approach in each concrete case with due regard to the patient's age.


Subject(s)
Bacterial Infections/microbiology , Health Surveys , Intestinal Diseases/microbiology , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Ambulatory Care Facilities , Bifidobacterium/isolation & purification , Candida/isolation & purification , Child , Child, Preschool , Escherichia coli/isolation & purification , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Lactobacillus/isolation & purification , Middle Aged , Moscow , Staphylococcus aureus/isolation & purification , Urban Population
9.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16438375

ABSTRACT

The results of the study of hospital strains of the B. cepacia complex, isolated in hospitals of Moscow, with the use of phenotypical and molecular-genetic methods are presented. The phenotypical methods made it possible to differentiate Russian strains and classify them with a group of genomovars (I, III, IV). As the result the epidemic importance of the strains with epidemic markers, having specific characteristics for every clinic, was determined. The detection of the collection of genes cepI and cepR in the strains made confirmed the epidemic importance of the stains which had, due to the regulatory "quorum sensing" (QS) system, the potential capacity for inducing infection and persisting in the patient's body. The presence of gene cepR in all strains and the absence of gene cepl in 33% of strains gave evidence to suggest that in some strains the activation of the production of pathogenicity factors required the presence of other bacteria having the fully developed QS system. Thus, the new complex approach with the use of phenotypical and molecular-genetic methods permits more precise identification of the source of hospital infection induced by the bacteria of the B. cepacia complex.


Subject(s)
Burkholderia Infections/microbiology , Burkholderia cepacia/classification , Burkholderia cepacia/genetics , Cross Infection/microbiology , Bacterial Proteins/genetics , Bacterial Typing Techniques , Biomarkers , Burkholderia Infections/transmission , Burkholderia cepacia/pathogenicity , Genes, Bacterial/genetics , Hospitals, Urban , Humans , Ligases/genetics , Moscow , Species Specificity , Virulence
10.
Mol Gen Mikrobiol Virusol ; (4): 15-20, 2003.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-14664157

ABSTRACT

Described in the paper are characteristics of B. cepacia clinical strains isolated from patients at Moscow hospitals. The strains were investigated for the presence of proteolytic, chitinolytic, hemolytic and lipase activities as well as for presence of components of the "Quorum sensing" gene activity regulatory system by using biological test-systems and in the polymerase chain reaction with primers to genes cepI and cepR.


Subject(s)
Burkholderia cepacia/isolation & purification , Burkholderia cepacia/physiology , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Burkholderia cepacia/drug effects , Burkholderia cepacia/pathogenicity , Drug Resistance, Bacterial , Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial , Hemolysin Proteins/metabolism , Humans , Lipase/metabolism , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Moscow , Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods , Virulence/physiology
11.
Anesteziol Reanimatol ; (3): 20-4, 2002.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12221870

ABSTRACT

The article reviews modern concepts regarding stress response and its effects on various organs and systems of critical patients. Postoperative pain is regarded with emphasis on its pathophysiology and the prospects of using epidural anesthesia-analgesia for alleviating its injurious effects. Analgesia and sedation in patients with multiple injuries is discussed. The importance of adequate analgesia for alleviation of the injurious effects of nociceptive impulses in critical patients is emphasized. Analgesia should be regarded as one of the methods of intensive care of critical patients along with respiratory support, fluid replacement, and parenteral nutrition.


Subject(s)
Pain, Postoperative/physiopathology , Pain, Postoperative/therapy , Analgesia, Epidural , Analgesia, Patient-Controlled , Analgesics/therapeutic use , Anesthesia, Local , Anesthetics/therapeutic use , Humans , Intensive Care Units , Nerve Block , Nociceptors/drug effects
12.
Anesteziol Reanimatol ; (6): 56-8, 2001.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11855066

ABSTRACT

Serum hormonal profiles were studied in 48 patients during long (6-56 days) coma. Low T3 and T4 and an essential increase in the levels of hydrocortisone, prolactin, estradiol, and particularly progesterone (20-fold) in the presence of normal LH concentration and decreased level of FSH were observed on days 7-16. Changes in the concentrations of sex hormones, similar to the "false pregnancy" condition, were the most pronounced in the patients who later died.


Subject(s)
Coma/blood , Hormones/blood , Adult , Aged , Humans , Male , Middle Aged
13.
Anesteziol Reanimatol ; (1): 40-3, 1999.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10199046

ABSTRACT

Effect of a neuropeptide semax is studied in 73 patients with various symptoms of posthypoxic encephalopathy in remote period. Fourteen of these patients developed a persistent vegetative state. The therapy was effective in patients with mnestic disorders; the drug effect was potentiated by an adaptogen oxiterm and by supraorbital electrophoresis. In some cases EEG showed episodes of paroxysmal activity after semax injection, and therefore, the first injection should be carried out with monitoring bioelectric activity of the brain.


Subject(s)
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone/analogs & derivatives , Brain Diseases/drug therapy , Hypoxia, Brain/complications , Peptide Fragments/therapeutic use , Resuscitation , Adrenocorticotropic Hormone/administration & dosage , Adrenocorticotropic Hormone/therapeutic use , Brain Diseases/diagnosis , Brain Diseases/etiology , Electroencephalography , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Iontophoresis , Peptide Fragments/administration & dosage , Resuscitation/adverse effects , Time Factors
14.
Anesteziol Reanimatol ; (6): 45-8, 1994.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7733483

ABSTRACT

The electrical activity of the brain was assessed in various periods of acute ischemic stroke and its values correlated to the neurological symptoms. Seventy-six patients with acute ischemic stroke in the median cerebral artery basin were examined. A grave course of the disease and slowly progressing positive shifts in the neurologic symptoms were associated with the phenomenon of clinico-EEG-dissociation: an increase in the intensity of abnormally slow activity was wave-like and recorded both in the involved and intact hemispheres. These pathological shifts were maximally manifest at the site of projection of ischemic stroke on days 3, 7, and 14 of acute disorder of brain circulation, this permitting the use of EEG parameters in these days with prognostic purposes.


Subject(s)
Brain/diagnostic imaging , Cerebrovascular Disorders/physiopathology , Electroencephalography , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Acute Disease , Aged , Humans , Middle Aged , Prognosis , Time Factors
17.
Ontogenez ; 10(5): 483-90, 1979.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-91148

ABSTRACT

The dynamics of population of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)-containing cells in the liver and the level of AFP in the blood of C3H/HeJ+/+ and thymus-less mutant C3H/HeJnu/nu mice during postnatal development was studied by means of indirect immunofluorescence and radial immunodiffusion. The content of AFP-positive hepatocytes and AFP concentration in the blood serum of C3H/HeJnu/nu mice were shown to exceed markedly those in C3H/HeJ+/+ mice beginning from the age of 2 weeks. The histological analyses has revealed the foci of hemopoiesis in the liver of adult C3H/HeJnu/nu mice, unlike in the liver of normal mice. The neonatal thymectomy of C3H/HeJ+/+ mice did not influence the parameters under study. A possible relationship between the increased AFP level and the preservation of hemopoiesis in the liver of the mice homozygous by the mutation nude is discussed.


Subject(s)
Hematopoiesis , Liver/physiology , Mice, Nude/physiology , Mutation , alpha-Fetoproteins/biosynthesis , Animals , Crosses, Genetic , Homozygote , Mice , Mice, Inbred C3H , Thymectomy , alpha-Fetoproteins/blood
18.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-484148

ABSTRACT

The dynamics of the psychoneurological status f 70 patients who had experienced clinical death (17 patients), massive blood loss with prolonged hypotension (30 patients), and terminal eclampsia (23 patients) was studied. In 71% of the patients various late psychoneurological disorders were revealed. Distribution of these disorders according to the WHO classification is presented. It has been found that the psychoneurological disorders of this kind may either: a) gradually disappear, b) stabilize, or c) progress. In 42% of the patients new psychoneurological disorders appeared in the late period: such a deterioration became manifest 3 to 5 months after the terminal state sustained. The discovered incompleteness of the compensation processes points to a necessity of developing a rehabilitation program.


Subject(s)
Eclampsia/complications , Hemorrhage/complications , Mental Disorders/etiology , Nervous System Diseases/etiology , Resuscitation , Adolescent , Adult , Affective Symptoms/etiology , Agnosia/etiology , Autonomic Nervous System , Brain Stem , Cerebellar Diseases/etiology , Dementia/etiology , Epilepsy/etiology , Female , Humans , Memory Disorders/etiology , Middle Aged , Neurasthenia/etiology , Polyneuropathies/etiology , Pregnancy , Pyramidal Tracts , Syndrome
19.
Biull Eksp Biol Med ; 86(10): 476-7, 1978 Oct.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-708877

ABSTRACT

Carcinogenic activity of orthoaminoazotoluene in relation to intestinal tissues of A/He mice was revealed. Intestinal tumours developed in 19 of 60 mice given this carcinogen; the tumours were localized in the cecum and represented adenomas and adenocarcinomas secreting mucus.


Subject(s)
Adenocarcinoma/chemically induced , Adenoma/chemically induced , Azo Compounds/toxicity , Cecal Neoplasms/chemically induced , o-Aminoazotoluene/toxicity , Animals , Male , Mice , Mice, Inbred C57BL , Mice, Inbred Strains , Species Specificity
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL
...