Genetic and ecological niche modeling of Calydorea crocoides (Iridaceae): an endemic species of Subtropical Highland Grasslands.

Evolutionary analyses have been widely used for evaluation of genetic diversity of natural populations and correlate these data to the fitness of the species, especially in the case of threatened species. Calydorea crocoides occurs in a restricted area at altitudes from 800 to 1500 m in southern Brazil and is considered endangered. A study assessing genetic diversity, cytogenetic features and ecological niche was performed aiming to characterize C. crocoides by multidisciplinary approaches. Molecular data highlighted that most of the total variation (76%; p < 0.001) was found within populations and the parameters of genetic diversity were high at the species level (PPB = 98.97%; I = 0.4319; h = 0.2821). Gene flow (Nm) was estimated in 0.97 individuals per generation. Cytogenetically, C. crocoides presents a bimodal karyotype and low asymmetry. DAPI banding pattern was uniform, but the CMA-signal evidenced a pericentric inversion in the population ESC688. The species presents high pollen viability and two different morphologies of pollen grains. Our data showed high levels of polymorphism maintained in this species that could ensure conservationist practices in which the main goal is to preserve the evolutionary potential of the species through the maintenance of genetic diversity.

Genetic and ecological niche modeling of Calydorea crocoides (Iridaceae): an endemic species of Subtropical Highland Grasslands

Abstract Evolutionary analyses have been widely used for evaluation of genetic diversity of natural populations and correlate these data to the fitness of the species, especially in the case of threatened species. Calydorea crocoides occurs in a restricted area at altitudes from 800 to 1500 m in southern Brazil and is considered endangered. A study assessing genetic diversity, cytogenetic features and ecological niche was performed aiming to characterize C. crocoides by multidisciplinary approaches. Molecular data highlighted that most of the total variation (76%; p < 0.001) was found within populations and the parameters of genetic diversity were high at the species level (PPB = 98.97%; I = 0.4319; h = 0.2821). Gene flow (Nm) was estimated in 0.97 individuals per generation. Cytogenetically, C. crocoides presents a bimodal karyotype and low asymmetry. DAPI banding pattern was uniform, but the CMA-signal evidenced a pericentric inversion in the population ESC688. The species presents high pollen viability and two different morphologies of pollen grains. Our data showed high levels of polymorphism maintained in this species that could ensure conservationist practices in which the main goal is to preserve the evolutionary potential of the species through the maintenance of genetic diversity.

GRAU DE CONHECIMENTO DOS PACIENTES SOBRE O TRATAMENTO: ESTRATÉGIA PARA USO RACIONAL DE MEDICAMENTOS / LEVEL OF KNOWLEDGE OF PATIENTS ON TREATMENT: STRATEGY FOR THE USE OF MEDICINES RATIONAL / NIVEL DE CONOCIMIENTO DE LOS PACIENTES EN TRATAMIENTO: ESTRATEGIA PARA USO RACIONAL DE LOS MEDICAMENTOS

Objetivo: o presente estudo verificou o conhecimento dos pacientes sobre seu tratamento medicamentoso após consulta médica e dispensação em Estratégia de Saúde da Família (ESF) no Município de Missão Velha-CE. Método: caracterizou-se como um estudo do tipo exploratório descritivo com abordagem quantitativa, de delineamento transversal e prospectivo. Resultados: entre os 94 pacientes entrevistados, 82% afirmou ter sido orientado quanto à posologia, 78% quanto à duração do tratamento e 63% quanto à finalidade terapêutica do medicamento prescrito durante a consulta médica, que durou em média 4,82 minutos. Foram prescritos 1,95 medicamentos em média. Os auxiliares de farmácia foram responsáveis pela dispensação de medicamentos de 39,4% dos entrevistados, enquanto o farmacêutico não foi citado por nenhum. Conclusão: acredita-se que seria necessário um maior tempo de consulta médica no intuito de melhorar o processo de comunicação entre médico e paciente, que por sua vez pode impactar na baixa adesão do paciente ao tratamento prescrito. Enquanto que a ausência do profissional farmacêutico no ato da dispensação do medicamento pode comprometer a garantia de segurança, qualidade e adesão terapêutica, bem como o uso racional dos medicamentos.

Objective: this study evaluated the patients' knowledge about their medical treatment after medical consultation and dispensing in the Family Health Strategy (FHS) in the municipality of Missão Velha - CE. Method: it was characterized as a descriptive exploratory study with a quantitative approach, prospective cross-sectional design. Results: of the 94 patients interviewed, 82% claimed to have been instructed as to the dosage, 78% as the duration of treatment and 63% for the medicinal use of the drug prescribed during medical consultation, which lasted an average of 4.82 minutes. 1.95 medications were prescribed on average. The pharmacy assistants were responsible for dispensing medications 39.4% of respondents, while the pharmacist was not mentioned by any. Conclusion: is credited it would take a larger medical consultation time in order to improve the communication process between physician and patient, which in turn may impact the low patient adherence to prescribed treatment. While the absence of the pharmacist in the drug dispensing Act may compromise the safety, quality assurance and adherence, as well as the rational use of medicines.

Objetivo: este estudio evaluó el conocimiento de los pacientes sobre su tratamiento médico después de la consulta médica y dispensación en la Estrategia Salud de la Familia (ESF) en el municipio de Missão Velha-CE. Método: se caracteriza por ser un estudio exploratorio descriptivo con un enfoque cuantitativo, diseño prospectivo y transversal. Resultados: de los 94 pacientes entrevistados, el 82% afirmó haber sido instruido en cuanto a la dosis, el 78% como la duración del tratamiento y el 63% para el uso medicinal de la droga prescrita durante la consulta médica, que duró una media de 4,82 minutos. 1.95 medicamentos fueron prescritos en promedio. Los auxiliares de farmacia eran responsables de la dispensación de medicamentos 39,4% de los encuestados, mientras que el farmacéutico no fue mencionado por ninguna. Conclusión: se acredita que tomaría un tiempo de consulta médica más grande con el fin de mejorar el proceso de comunicación entre el médico y el paciente, que a su vez puede afectar la adherencia baja del paciente al tratamiento prescrito. Mientras que la ausencia del farmacéutico en la dispensación de fármacos Ley puede comprometer la seguridad, garantía de calidad y la adhesión, así como el uso racional de los medicamentos.

Educação Profissional Cidadã: ampliando a concepção dos cuidadores(as) de idosos(as) acerca do processo de envelhecimento para além das práticas de cuidado / Professional Public Education: extending the concept of elderly caregivers about the aging process in addition to the practices of care

Cuidar de pessoas idosas é uma atividade complexa, envolvendo não apenas conhecimentos teórico-práticos, mas também os ligados às dimensões éticas, psicológicas e socioculturais. O objetivo desse trabalho é destacar alguns aspectos mais relevantes do perfil do(a) Cuidador(a) de pessoas idosas e problematizar o trabalho realizado por este profissional, ampliando o valor de suas práticas, tendo como ponto de partida os resultados obtidos com o desenvolvimento do projeto de pesquisa “Melhoria da Qualidade do Trabalho realizado pelo(a) Cuidador(a) de Idosos(as) da Cidade de Juazeiro e do Crato, no Ceará”, Brasil.(AU)

Caring for the elderly is a complex activity involves not only theoretical knowledge and practical, but ethical, psychological and sociocultural. The aim of this paper is to present relevant aspects of the profile caregiver of elderly and their work, taking as its starting point the development of the project “Quality Improvement of the Work performed by Caretaker Elderly of Cities Juazeiro and Crato in Ceará”, Brazil.(AU)

Educação profissional cidadã: ampliando a concepção dos cuidadores(as) de idosos(as) acerca do processo de envelhecimento para além das práticas de cuidado / Professional public education: extending the concept of elderly caregivers about the aging process in addition to the practices of care

Cuidar de pessoas idosas é uma atividade complexa, envolvendo não apenas conhecimentos teórico-práticos, mas também os ligados às dimensões éticas, psicológicas e socioculturais. O objetivo desse trabalho é destacar alguns aspectos mais relevantes do perfil do(a) Cuidador(a) de pessoas idosas e problematizar o trabalho realizado por este profissional, ampliando o valor de suas práticas, tendo como ponto de partida os resultados obtidos com o desenvolvimento do projeto de pesquisa “Melhoria da Qualidade do Trabalho realizado pelo(a) Cuidador(a) de Idosos(as) da Cidade de Juazeiro e do Crato, no Ceará”, Brasil.

Caring for the elderly is a complex activity involves not only theoretical knowledge and practical, but ethical, psychological and sociocultural. The aim of this paper is to present relevant aspects of the profile caregiver of elderly and their work, taking as its starting point the development of the project “Quality Improvement of the Work performed by Caretaker Elderly of Cities Juazeiro and Crato in Ceará”, Brazil.

Improving the stability and antioxidant properties of sesame oil: water-soluble spray-dried emulsions from new transesterified phenolic derivatives.

Hydrosoluble sesame oil fatty acid transesters having enhanced antioxidant activities were synthesized in a two-step process. The key step involved the biocatalyzed (lipase from Candida antarctica) acylation of sesame oil methanolic ester with either vanillyl (VNA) or piperonyl benzylic alcohols, or 5-hydroxymethyl resorcinol (5-HMR). These substrates were selected to introduce phenolic or sesamol structurally related frameworks. The VNA and 5-HMR-derived transesters were obtained with 20-40% yields and retained the starting proportions of sesame oil linoleic, oleic, and saturated acids, these fatty acids also being the only constituents of the nonesterified fraction. The VNA-derived transester showed the best antioxidant capacity in standard assays and was processed as the unique lipid phase of spray-dried emulsions containing a high level of linoleic acid phenolic ester. These emulsions provided a high degree of protection to UV-irradiated fibroblasts, through the potential synergy between VNA antioxidant action and replenishment of damaged membranes by unsaturated fatty acids.