Subject(s)
Substance-Related Disorders/complications , Tooth Diseases/etiology , Adult , Alcoholism/complications , Amphetamine-Related Disorders/complications , Carbonated Beverages/adverse effects , Cocaine-Related Disorders/complications , Dental Caries/etiology , Dental Restoration, Permanent/methods , Denture, Complete , Denture, Partial , Female , Gingivitis/etiology , Humans , Male , Marijuana Abuse/complications , Methamphetamine/adverse effects , Middle Aged , Narcotics/adverse effects , Opioid-Related Disorders/complications , Oxycodone/adverse effects , Periodontitis/etiologySubject(s)
Dental Occlusion , Face/anatomy & histology , Molar/pathology , Tooth Loss/pathology , Tooth, Deciduous/pathology , Female , Humans , MaleSubject(s)
Incisor/injuries , Self Mutilation/diagnosis , Tooth Extraction , Tooth Movement Techniques , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/psychology , Bipolar Disorder/psychology , Bullying/psychology , Child , Female , Humans , Learning Disabilities/psychology , Malocclusion, Angle Class II/psychology , Malocclusion, Angle Class II/therapy , Self Mutilation/psychology , Tooth Movement Techniques/psychologyABSTRACT
The occlusal characteristics of the primary dentition of 130 children 3 to 6 years old were examined. Variables were the terminal plane relationship, primary canine occlusion, spacing, overjet and overbite relationships. The flush terminal plane was the most common finding. A Class I relationship of the primary canine occurred in 85% of the subjects. Spaced dentitions occurred 81% of the time, while the presence of primate spaces occurred in at least one of the four quadrants. The overjet relationship varied from +1 mm to 4 mm in all subjects, and the majority of children were considered to have a normal overbite.
Subject(s)
Dental Occlusion , Tooth, Deciduous , Asian , Child , Child, Preschool , Cuspid/anatomy & histology , Dental Occlusion, Centric , Diastema/pathology , Female , Humans , Incisor/anatomy & histology , Male , Molar/anatomy & histology , New York , Overbite/pathology , White PeopleABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To investigate space changes with the premature loss of primary first molars and their relationship to permanent molar occlusion and facial forms. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two hundred twenty-six participants (ranging in age from 7 years 8 months to 8 years 2 months; 135 female, 91 male) met all inclusion criteria designed to study space loss as a result of the premature loss of the primary first molar. After 9 months, space loss was evaluated in relationship to molar occlusion and facial form. Statistical evaluation was performed with the paired t-test and with a two-way analysis of variance for independent groups. RESULTS: Patients with leptoprosopic facial form and end-on molar occlusions all exhibited a statistically significant difference when compared to controls in terms of space loss (P < .001). The mandibular extraction site for individuals with a mesoprosopic/euryprosopic facial form and end-on molar occlusion displayed space loss as well (P < .05). All patients with a leptoprosopic facial form and Class I molar occlusion displayed space loss in the maxilla (P < .05) and the mandible (P < .001) respectively, that was statistically significant when compared to that of the control. Individuals within the mesoprosopic/euryprosopic group and with Class I molar occlusions showed no significant difference in space loss. CONCLUSIONS: The relationship between the first permanent molar occlusion and facial form of the child has an influence on the loss of space at the primary first molar site.
Subject(s)
Dental Occlusion , Face/anatomy & histology , Molar/pathology , Tooth Loss/pathology , Tooth, Deciduous/pathology , Child , Dentition, Mixed , Female , Humans , Male , Malocclusion, Angle Class I/pathology , Malocclusion, Angle Class II/pathology , Maxillofacial Development/physiologyABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Children often receive inferior alveolar nerve blocks (IANBs) when their third molars are just beginning to develop. The location of the third-molar follicle is close to where the needle penetrates during an IANB. The authors examined the possible association between IANBs and missing third molars. METHODS: The authors examined 439 potential sites of third-molar development for evidence of third-molar follicles on panoramic radiographs of randomly selected children 7 years and older. The authors conducted a statistical comparison of the incidence of missing third-molar follicles in a control group of children who had no history of receiving IANBs with children in a test group who had a definitive history of receiving IANBs by means of generalized estimating equations. RESULTS: The authors found a statistically significant greater incidence of missing third-molar follicles in mandibular quadrants that had a definitive history of receiving IANBs compared with mandibular quadrants that had no history of receiving IANB. CONCLUSION: IANBs administered to young children when the third-molar tooth bud is immature may stop third-molar development. Owing to the significant clinical implications, further research is needed to verify these results. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: Dentists inadvertently may be stopping the development of third molars when administering IANBs to children.
Subject(s)
Anodontia/epidemiology , Mandibular Nerve , Molar, Third/abnormalities , Nerve Block , Age Factors , Boston/epidemiology , Child , Cohort Studies , Dental Sac/diagnostic imaging , Dental Sac/physiology , Female , Humans , Incidence , Male , Molar, Third/diagnostic imaging , Needles/adverse effects , Nerve Block/adverse effects , Nerve Block/instrumentation , Odontogenesis/physiology , Radiography, Panoramic , Retrospective Studies , Sex FactorsABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the changes in orthodontic care patterns over a sixteen-year period in a university clinical setting. The average numbers of students, clinical procedures, and orthodontic appliances were examined from the time period 1988-2003. Appliance number and type were evaluated as a function of increased predoctoral and postdoctoral class sizes, student to faculty ratios, and decreased operating budgets for faculty recruitment. For the period 1988-98, the insertion of orthodontic appliances by dental students remained constant. A permanent increase in the predoctoral class size occurred in 1996 without an increase in faculty support, contributing to a decline in appliance insertions by students from 1999 to 2003. This time period also saw major increases in the postdoctoral class size and a reorganization of the clinical facility that then began to require the pairing of dental students to provide comprehensive care, thus decreasing their clinical exposure to the care of children. The overall clinical experience at the predoctoral level in orthodontic procedures declined, which resulted in a change in clinical requirements and new methods to ensure clinical competency.
