ABSTRACT
Background: The most common health problems described in fishes are noninfectious, infectious, and metabolic disorders. Fishes have neoplasias that are similar to those observed in mammals. Though these neoplasias do not cause economic losses to aquaculture, they have aroused a crescent interest from the comparative pathologys point of view. Neoplasias of the oral cavity in fishes are usually reported as individual cases, but mandible tumors are not common, and most of them are squamous cells carcinomas. The aim of this study is to report a case of carcinosarcoma of the mandible in a rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), obtained from a trout farm in Campos do Jordão, São Paulo, Brazil. Case: The fish underwent necropsy and tissue samples were collected and fixed with a buffer-neutralized formalin solution, which were then embedded in paraffin, sectioned in 5 μm sections and stained with hematoxylin-eosin. The histological sections were stained for immunohistochemical procedures, according to a modified avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex technique. Slides containing tissue were deparaffinized with xylol and rehydrated with alcohol of different grades. The endogenous peroxidase activity was blocked by incubating the slides for 20 min at 0.3% H2O2 in a solution of 5% methanol. After rinsing the slides in water and in a PBS/0.05%-Tween 20 solution, they were incubated in normal serum diluted 1:100 containing 10% bovine albumin in PBS (BSA), at room temperature for 30 min in humid chamber. After incubation, the primary anti-cytokeratin and anti-vimentin antibody was added to a 1:200 dilution in 10% PBS-BSA, and the slides were incubated until the next day at 41oC in humid chamber. The slides were then rinsed in PBS and incubated for 7 min in a 50 mL 30.3-diaminobenzidine solution containing 1% PBS-BSA in 50 mL H2O2. Hematoxylin was used for counterstaining. The immunohistochemical analysis showed a tumor with epithelial and mesenchymatous neoplastic components.(...)(AU)
Subject(s)
Animals , Oncorhynchus mykiss/anatomy & histology , Carcinosarcoma/diagnosis , Mandible/pathology , FishesABSTRACT
Background: : : The most common health problems described in fishes are noninfectious, infectious, and metabolic disorders. Fishes have neoplasias that are similar to those observed in mammals. Though these neoplasias do not cause economic losses to aquaculture, they have aroused a crescent interest from the comparative pathologys point of view. Neoplasias of the oral cavity in fishes are usually reported as individual cases, but mandible tumors are not common, and most of them are squamous cells carcinomas. The aim of this study is to report a case of carcinosarcoma of the mandible in a rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), obtained from a trout farm in Campos do Jordão, São Paulo, Brazil. Case: The fish underwent necropsy and tissue samples were collected and fixed with a buffer-neutralized formalin solution, which were then embedded in paraffin, sectioned in 5 ?m sections and stained with hematoxylin-eosin. The histological sections were stained for immunohistochemical procedures, according to a modified avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex technique. Slides containing tissue were deparaffinized with xylol and rehydrated with alcohol of different grades. The endogenous peroxidase activity was blocked by incubating the slides for 20 min at 0.3% H2O2 in a solution of 5% methanol. After rinsing the slides in water and in a PBS/0.05%-Tween 20 solution, they were incubated in norma
ABSTRACT
Background: : : The most common health problems described in fishes are noninfectious, infectious, and metabolic disorders. Fishes have neoplasias that are similar to those observed in mammals. Though these neoplasias do not cause economic losses to aquaculture, they have aroused a crescent interest from the comparative pathologys point of view. Neoplasias of the oral cavity in fishes are usually reported as individual cases, but mandible tumors are not common, and most of them are squamous cells carcinomas. The aim of this study is to report a case of carcinosarcoma of the mandible in a rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), obtained from a trout farm in Campos do Jordão, São Paulo, Brazil. Case: The fish underwent necropsy and tissue samples were collected and fixed with a buffer-neutralized formalin solution, which were then embedded in paraffin, sectioned in 5 ?m sections and stained with hematoxylin-eosin. The histological sections were stained for immunohistochemical procedures, according to a modified avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex technique. Slides containing tissue were deparaffinized with xylol and rehydrated with alcohol of different grades. The endogenous peroxidase activity was blocked by incubating the slides for 20 min at 0.3% H2O2 in a solution of 5% methanol. After rinsing the slides in water and in a PBS/0.05%-Tween 20 solution, they were incubated in norma
ABSTRACT
Background: The most common health problems described in fishes are noninfectious, infectious, and metabolic disorders. Fishes have neoplasias that are similar to those observed in mammals. Though these neoplasias do not cause economic losses to aquaculture, they have aroused a crescent interest from the comparative pathologys point of view. Neoplasias of the oral cavity in fishes are usually reported as individual cases, but mandible tumors are not common, and most of them are squamous cells carcinomas. The aim of this study is to report a case of carcinosarcoma of the mandible in a rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), obtained from a trout farm in Campos do Jordão, São Paulo, Brazil. Case: The fish underwent necropsy and tissue samples were collected and fixed with a buffer-neutralized formalin solution, which were then embedded in paraffin, sectioned in 5 μm sections and stained with hematoxylin-eosin. The histological sections were stained for immunohistochemical procedures, according to a modified avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex technique. Slides containing tissue were deparaffinized with xylol and rehydrated with alcohol of different grades. The endogenous peroxidase activity was blocked by incubating the slides for 20 min at 0.3% H2O2 in a solution of 5% methanol. After rinsing the slides in water and in a PBS/0.05%-Tween 20 solution, they were incubated in normal serum diluted 1:100 containing 10% bovine albumin in PBS (BSA), at room temperature for 30 min in humid chamber. After incubation, the primary anti-cytokeratin and anti-vimentin antibody was added to a 1:200 dilution in 10% PBS-BSA, and the slides were incubated until the next day at 41oC in humid chamber. The slides were then rinsed in PBS and incubated for 7 min in a 50 mL 30.3-diaminobenzidine solution containing 1% PBS-BSA in 50 mL H2O2. Hematoxylin was used for counterstaining. The immunohistochemical analysis showed a tumor with epithelial and mesenchymatous neoplastic components.(...)
Subject(s)
Animals , Carcinosarcoma/diagnosis , Oncorhynchus mykiss/anatomy & histology , Mandible/pathology , FishesABSTRACT
This work describes the occurrence of a bacteria disease induced by Aeromonas hydrophila in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) farmed in the intensive culture system, at Pindamonhangaba, SP. Collected rainbow trout fingerlings showed dark coloration, high mortality rate, anorexia, apathy and general modifications in the swimming activity.
Descreve-se a ocorrência de bacteriose causada por Aeromonas hydrophila em cultivo intensivo de truta arco-íris, Oncorhynchus mykiss, localizado no município de Pindamonhangaba-SP. Os peixes acometidos apresentavam coloração escura, natação errática, anorexia, apatia e alta taxa de mortalidade.
ABSTRACT
This work describes the occurrence of a bacteria disease induced by Aeromonas hydrophila in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) farmed in the intensive culture system, at Pindamonhangaba, SP. Collected rainbow trout fingerlings showed dark coloration, high mortality rate, anorexia, apathy and general modifications in the swimming activity.
Descreve-se a ocorrência de bacteriose causada por Aeromonas hydrophila em cultivo intensivo de truta arco-íris, Oncorhynchus mykiss, localizado no município de Pindamonhangaba-SP. Os peixes acometidos apresentavam coloração escura, natação errática, anorexia, apatia e alta taxa de mortalidade.
ABSTRACT
Durante a necropsia, foi encontrado em um exemplar de truta arco-íris ( Oncorhynchus mykiss), macho, de 340g de pesoe 30,6cm de comprimento, um mesonefro extremamente alterado, onde os dois terços anteriores mostravam-se totalmenteesbranquiçados e de consistência dura. Histologicamente, concluiu-se tratar-se de um caso de nefrocalcinose.
ABSTRACT
The aim of this study is to determine the hematological parameters of "curimbatá" (Prochilodus scrofa), "pacu" (Piaractus mesopotamicus) and "tambaqui" (Colossoma macropomum, reared under experimental conditions at the Experimental Fish Farming and Raniculture Station of Pindamonhangaba and Aquaculture Research Center of Ribeira Valley (CEPAR), at Pariquera-Açu, both belonging to the Fishery Institute of São Paulo. The specimens were collected in April 1994 and the total cell numbers (Er), hematocrit (Ht), hemoglobin concentration (Hb), differential leucocyte counts, and hematological index were calculated. P. mesopotamicus and P. scrofa showed a relationship between species and age, the "curimbatá" and old specimens showing the highest values. The same pattern was found for the fishes collected in CEPAR. The "tambaqui" was collected only in CEPAR and showed Ht = 27.4 ± 1.4%; Er = 158.4 ± 8.3 x 104/mm3; Hb = 6.2 ± 0.2 g/100 mL; VCM = 179.9 ± 2.7µm3; HCM = 37.2 ± 2.1 pg and CHCM = 22.9 ± 0.6%. The limphocytes were the most frequent cells in pacu peripheral blood, while neutrophils were more abundant in "curimbatá" peripheral blood. The highest eosinophils values occurred in the "pacu" peripheral blood, the young specimens having the highest values.
Este trabalho tem por objetivo conhecer o quadro hemático de exemplares de curimbatá (Prochilodus scrofa), pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) e tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum), criados em sistemas semi-intensivos em tanques da Estação Experimental de Piscicultura e Ranicultura de Pindamonhangaba e Centro de Pesquisa em Aquicultura do Vale do Ribeira (CEPAR), em Pariquera-Açu, ambos pertencentes ao Instituto de Pesca de São Paulo, da Secretaria de Agricultura e Abastecimento do Estado de São Paulo. Os animais foram capturados em abril de 1994 e as análises hematológicas realizadas foram: número total de células (Er), hematócrito (Ht), taxa de hemoglobina (Hb), contagem diferencial dos leucócitos e cálculo dos índices hematimétricos absolutos: VCM (Volume Corpuscular Médio), HCM (Hemoglobina Corpuscular Média) e CHCM (Concentração de Hemoglobina Corpuscular Média). Para Piaractus mesopotamicus e Prochilodus scrofa da Estação de Pindamonhangaba encontrou-se interação de magnitude entre os fatores espécie e idade, sendo que, nesta Estação, P. scrofa e os espécimens mais velhos apresentaram valores superiores aos demais espécimens. Para os espécimens do CEPAR, de um modo geral, os dados apresentaram tendência semelhante à daqueles de Pindamonhangaba. Colossoma macropomum, em número de 9 exemplares, foi capturado apenas no CEPAR e apresentam médias de: Ht = 27,4 ± 1,4%; Er = 158,4 ± 8,3
ABSTRACT
Occurrence of Edwardsiella tarda in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) under intensive culture system at Sapucaí-Mirim, MG, is described. The disease attacked the fingerlings, broodstock and fish with 600 g and the mortality rate increased to 40%. The symptoms observed were: general hemorrhage, exophthalmos, necrotic lesions in tegument and anemia.
Descreve-se a ocorrência de infecção por Edwardsiella tarda em trutas arco-íris (Oncorhynchus mykiss) criadas em sistema intensivo de produção, em Sapucaí-Mirim, MG. A doença acometeu alevinos, reprodutores e animais destinados ao abate (600 g), ocasionando uma taxa de mortalidade de 40%. Os sintomas exibidos pelos peixes foram: hemorragia generalizada, exoftalmia, lesões necróticas no tegumento e anemia.
ABSTRACT
Occurrence of Edwardsiella tarda in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) under intensive culture system at Sapucaí-Mirim, MG, is described. The disease attacked the fingerlings, broodstock and fish with 600 g and the mortality rate increased to 40%. The symptoms observed were: general hemorrhage, exophthalmos, necrotic lesions in tegument and anemia.
Descreve-se a ocorrência de infecção por Edwardsiella tarda em trutas arco-íris (Oncorhynchus mykiss) criadas em sistema intensivo de produção, em Sapucaí-Mirim, MG. A doença acometeu alevinos, reprodutores e animais destinados ao abate (600 g), ocasionando uma taxa de mortalidade de 40%. Os sintomas exibidos pelos peixes foram: hemorragia generalizada, exoftalmia, lesões necróticas no tegumento e anemia.
ABSTRACT
The aim of this study is to determine the hematological parameters of "curimbatá" (Prochilodus scrofa), "pacu" (Piaractus mesopotamicus) and "tambaqui" (Colossoma macropomum, reared under experimental conditions at the Experimental Fish Farming and Raniculture Station of Pindamonhangaba and Aquaculture Research Center of Ribeira Valley (CEPAR), at Pariquera-Açu, both belonging to the Fishery Institute of São Paulo. The specimens were collected in April 1994 and the total cell numbers (Er), hematocrit (Ht), hemoglobin concentration (Hb), differential leucocyte counts, and hematological index were calculated. P. mesopotamicus and P. scrofa showed a relationship between species and age, the "curimbatá" and old specimens showing the highest values. The same pattern was found for the fishes collected in CEPAR. The "tambaqui" was collected only in CEPAR and showed Ht = 27.4 ± 1.4%; Er = 158.4 ± 8.3 x 104/mm3; Hb = 6.2 ± 0.2 g/100 mL; VCM = 179.9 ± 2.7µm3; HCM = 37.2 ± 2.1 pg and CHCM = 22.9 ± 0.6%. The limphocytes were the most frequent cells in pacu peripheral blood, while neutrophils were more abundant in "curimbatá" peripheral blood. The highest eosinophils values occurred in the "pacu" peripheral blood, the young specimens having the highest values.
Este trabalho tem por objetivo conhecer o quadro hemático de exemplares de curimbatá (Prochilodus scrofa), pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) e tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum), criados em sistemas semi-intensivos em tanques da Estação Experimental de Piscicultura e Ranicultura de Pindamonhangaba e Centro de Pesquisa em Aquicultura do Vale do Ribeira (CEPAR), em Pariquera-Açu, ambos pertencentes ao Instituto de Pesca de São Paulo, da Secretaria de Agricultura e Abastecimento do Estado de São Paulo. Os animais foram capturados em abril de 1994 e as análises hematológicas realizadas foram: número total de células (Er), hematócrito (Ht), taxa de hemoglobina (Hb), contagem diferencial dos leucócitos e cálculo dos índices hematimétricos absolutos: VCM (Volume Corpuscular Médio), HCM (Hemoglobina Corpuscular Média) e CHCM (Concentração de Hemoglobina Corpuscular Média). Para Piaractus mesopotamicus e Prochilodus scrofa da Estação de Pindamonhangaba encontrou-se interação de magnitude entre os fatores espécie e idade, sendo que, nesta Estação, P. scrofa e os espécimens mais velhos apresentaram valores superiores aos demais espécimens. Para os espécimens do CEPAR, de um modo geral, os dados apresentaram tendência semelhante à daqueles de Pindamonhangaba. Colossoma macropomum, em número de 9 exemplares, foi capturado apenas no CEPAR e apresentam médias de: Ht = 27,4 ± 1,4%; Er = 158,4 ± 8,3
ABSTRACT
Durante a necropsia, foi encontrado em um exemplar de truta arco-íris ( Oncorhynchus mykiss), macho, de 340g de pesoe 30,6cm de comprimento, um mesonefro extremamente alterado, onde os dois terços anteriores mostravam-se totalmenteesbranquiçados e de consistência dura. Histologicamente, concluiu-se tratar-se de um caso de nefrocalcinose.
ABSTRACT
It is described an acute infestation by Henneguya sp (Protozoa, Myxosporea) and Dactylogyridae (Platyhelminthes, Monogenea) in pacu, Piaractus mesopotamicus Holmberg, 1887 (Osteichthyes, Characidae) gills, which showed cysts, epithelial hyperplasia and vascular congestion.
Descreve-se uma infestação aguda por Henneguya sp (Protozoa, Myxosporea) e Dactylogyridae (Platyhelminthes, Monogenea) em pacu, Piaractus mesopotamicus Holmberg, 1887 (Osteichthyes, Characidae), ao nível das brânquias, que apresentaram cistos, hiperplasia do epitélio e congestão vascular.
ABSTRACT
It is described an acute infestation by Henneguya sp (Protozoa, Myxosporea) and Dactylogyridae (Platyhelminthes, Monogenea) in pacu, Piaractus mesopotamicus Holmberg, 1887 (Osteichthyes, Characidae) gills, which showed cysts, epithelial hyperplasia and vascular congestion.
Descreve-se uma infestação aguda por Henneguya sp (Protozoa, Myxosporea) e Dactylogyridae (Platyhelminthes, Monogenea) em pacu, Piaractus mesopotamicus Holmberg, 1887 (Osteichthyes, Characidae), ao nível das brânquias, que apresentaram cistos, hiperplasia do epitélio e congestão vascular.
ABSTRACT
Forty males and thirty-six females of Anchoviella lepidentosiole (Fowler, 1911), captured from Ribeira de Iguape River, Registro, State of São Paulo,were utilized with the purpose to study histologically the reproductive cycle this species. The gonads were macroscopically characterized about yours volume,color and superficial vascularization. Following to this the left gonads were sampled in their middle third which were fixed in Bouin. Routine histologicaltechniques coming next. Five stages were identified: immature, beginning of maturation, advanced maturation, reproduction and empty.
Foram utilizados 40 machos e 36 fêmeas de Anchoviella lepidentostole (Fowler, 1911), capturadas no Rio Ribeira de Iguape, Registro - SP, com o objetivo de estudar histologicamente o ciclo reprodutivo desta e s pécie. As gônadas foram caracterizadas macroscopicamente quanto ao volume, a coloração e a vascularização superficial. A seguir as gônadas esquerdas foram amostradas em seu terço médio, o qual foi fixado em liqüido de Bouin e processado segundo técnicas histológicas de rotina. Foram identificados cinco estádios: imaturo, início de maturação, maturação avançada, reprodução e esgotada.
ABSTRACT
Foram utilizados 40 machos e 36 fêmeas de Anchoviella lipidentostole (Fowler, 1911), capturadas no Rio Ribeira de Iguape, Registro - SP, com o objetivo de estudar histologicamente o ciclo reprodutivo desta espécie. As gônadas foram caracterizadas macroscopicamente quanto ao volume, a coloraçäo e a vascularizaçäo superficial. A seguir as gônadas esquerdas foram amostradas em seu terço médio, o qual foi fixado em líquido de Bouin e processado segundo técnicas histológicas de rotina, foram identificados cinco estádios: imaturo, início de maturaçäo , maturaçäo avançada, reproduçäo e esgotado.
Subject(s)
Animals , Gonads , Reproduction , Fishes , HistologyABSTRACT
The purpose of the present investigation was the detection and the description of the histological modifications of the interrenal tissue and chromaffin cells of "curimbata" (Prochilodus scrofa), during there productive cycle. Twenty males and twenty females adult fishes of each sex, during each of the four stages of gonadal cycle (namely resting, maturing, ripening and spent) were used, totalizing one hundred and sixty specimens. The fishes were collected at Mogi Guassu River, São Paulo State, Brazil. The cephalic kidneys were fixed in Bouins fluid and embedded in paraffin. Sections of 7,0 µm were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and Masson"s trichromic method. The Histological analysis showed hypertrophy of interrenal cells during maturing and ripening stages. The strongest acidophilic affinity of these cells was observed during the maturing stage. On the other hand, at these two stages, the chromaffin cells underwent reduction of the cytoplasmic staining affinity. All these morphological and chromaphilic changes of the interrenal and chromaffin tissues were similar in both sexes.
Com o objetivo de detectar e descrever as modificações histológicas do tecido interrenal e das células cromafins de curimbatá (Prochilodus scrofa) foram estudados vinte peixes adultos, de cada sexo, em cada um dos quatro estádios do ciclo gonadal (repouso, maturação, maduro e esgotado), totalizando cento e sessenta espécimes. Os peixes foram capturados no rio Mogi Guassu, Estado de São Paulo. Os rins cefálicos ou pronefros foram fixados em liquido de Bouin e incluídos em parafina. Os cortes, com 7,0 µm de espessura, foram corados com hematoxilina e eosina e pelo método tricrômico de Masson. A análise histológica dos cortes permitiu observar uma hipertrofia das células do tecido inter-renal durante os estádios maturação e maduro. A acidofilia citoplasmática máxima foi vista durante a maturação gonadal. Simultânea e contrastantemente, foi notada uma redução do diâmetro das células cromafins e uma menor afinidade tintorial do citoplasma dessas células. Todas essas modificações morfológicas e tintoriais das células dos tecidos interrenal e cromafim ocorreram de forma semelhante em ambos os sexos.
ABSTRACT
The purpose of the present investigation was the detection and the description of the histological modifications of the interrenal tissue and chromaffin cells of "curimbata" (Prochilodus scrofa), during there productive cycle. Twenty males and twenty females adult fishes of each sex, during each of the four stages of gonadal cycle (namely resting, maturing, ripening and spent) were used, totalizing one hundred and sixty specimens. The fishes were collected at Mogi Guassu River, São Paulo State, Brazil. The cephalic kidneys were fixed in Bouins fluid and embedded in paraffin. Sections of 7,0 µm were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and Masson"s trichromic method. The Histological analysis showed hypertrophy of interrenal cells during maturing and ripening stages. The strongest acidophilic affinity of these cells was observed during the maturing stage. On the other hand, at these two stages, the chromaffin cells underwent reduction of the cytoplasmic staining affinity. All these morphological and chromaphilic changes of the interrenal and chromaffin tissues were similar in both sexes.
Com o objetivo de detectar e descrever as modificações histológicas do tecido interrenal e das células cromafins de curimbatá (Prochilodus scrofa) foram estudados vinte peixes adultos, de cada sexo, em cada um dos quatro estádios do ciclo gonadal (repouso, maturação, maduro e esgotado), totalizando cento e sessenta espécimes. Os peixes foram capturados no rio Mogi Guassu, Estado de São Paulo. Os rins cefálicos ou pronefros foram fixados em liquido de Bouin e incluídos em parafina. Os cortes, com 7,0 µm de espessura, foram corados com hematoxilina e eosina e pelo método tricrômico de Masson. A análise histológica dos cortes permitiu observar uma hipertrofia das células do tecido inter-renal durante os estádios maturação e maduro. A acidofilia citoplasmática máxima foi vista durante a maturação gonadal. Simultânea e contrastantemente, foi notada uma redução do diâmetro das células cromafins e uma menor afinidade tintorial do citoplasma dessas células. Todas essas modificações morfológicas e tintoriais das células dos tecidos interrenal e cromafim ocorreram de forma semelhante em ambos os sexos.
ABSTRACT
At the Aquaculture Department of the Instituto de Pesca, Fernando Costa Park, São Paulo city, São Paulo state, Brazil, through experiments it was verified, aiming at finding new choices of alternative food for commercial frogherds, that Eisenia fetida andrei can be raised indoors, at room natural temperature, in cow manure, in winter and spring months. It was also verified that Eudrilus eugeniae did not tolerate the studied conditions in winter. The production of E. f. andrei fell in winter when compared with that in spring: in winter, from five individuals resulted 15.5 and 22.5 cocoons, in average, and in spring, from five, resulted 208.25 individuals and 11.5 cocoons, in average; in winter, from five, resulted 2.5 individuals of Eudrilus eugeniae and 9.5 cocoons, in average. It was concluded that E. f. andrei owns the potentialities to reproduce under thrifty conditions, widening the frogfarmers' choices of food, in the Southeastern Region of Brazil, in the referred seasons. The rate of viable cocoons in E. f. andrei was found to be 28% and the number of individuals hatching from one cocoon was 3.5, in average.
Na Seção de Aquicultura do Instituto de Pesca, no Parque Fernando Costa, na cidade de São Paulo, estado de São Paulo, Brasil, através de experimento visando à descoberta de novos alimentos alternativos para plantéis comerciais de rã, foi verificado que Eisenia fetida andrei pode ser criada à temperatura natural, em ambiente coberto, empregando-se como substrato esterco de vaca, nos meses de inverno e primavera, na Região Sudeste do Brasil. Foi verificado que, no inverno, Eudrilus eugeniae não apresentou desempenho tão satisfatório quanto o de E. f. andrei. A produção de Eisenia fetida andrei foi menor no inverno, quando comparada com a da primavera: no inverno, de cinco exemplares, resultaram 15,5 indivíduos e 22,5 casulos, em média, e, na primavera, de cinco, resultaram 208,25 indivíduos e 11,5 casulos; de cinco exemplares de Eudrilus eugeniae, resultaram, no inverno, 2,5 indivíduos e 9,5 casulos, em média. Conclui-se que E. f. andrei dispõe de potencialidades para se reproduzir nas estações referidas, ampliando-se a possibilidade de escolha de alimentos alternativos na ranicultura comercial da região, em que, de há muito, somente se empregam larvas de moscas, principalmente. Em E. f. andrei, a taxa de casulos viáveis foi de 28% e o número de indivíduos eclodidos de cada casulo foi 3,5, em média
ABSTRACT
At the Aquaculture Department of the Instituto de Pesca, Fernando Costa Park, São Paulo city, São Paulo state, Brazil, through experiments it was verified, aiming at finding new choices of alternative food for commercial frogherds, that Eisenia fetida andrei can be raised indoors, at room natural temperature, in cow manure, in winter and spring months. It was also verified that Eudrilus eugeniae did not tolerate the studied conditions in winter. The production of E. f. andrei fell in winter when compared with that in spring: in winter, from five individuals resulted 15.5 and 22.5 cocoons, in average, and in spring, from five, resulted 208.25 individuals and 11.5 cocoons, in average; in winter, from five, resulted 2.5 individuals of Eudrilus eugeniae and 9.5 cocoons, in average. It was concluded that E. f. andrei owns the potentialities to reproduce under thrifty conditions, widening the frogfarmers' choices of food, in the Southeastern Region of Brazil, in the referred seasons. The rate of viable cocoons in E. f. andrei was found to be 28% and the number of individuals hatching from one cocoon was 3.5, in average.
Na Seção de Aquicultura do Instituto de Pesca, no Parque Fernando Costa, na cidade de São Paulo, estado de São Paulo, Brasil, através de experimento visando à descoberta de novos alimentos alternativos para plantéis comerciais de rã, foi verificado que Eisenia fetida andrei pode ser criada à temperatura natural, em ambiente coberto, empregando-se como substrato esterco de vaca, nos meses de inverno e primavera, na Região Sudeste do Brasil. Foi verificado que, no inverno, Eudrilus eugeniae não apresentou desempenho tão satisfatório quanto o de E. f. andrei. A produção de Eisenia fetida andrei foi menor no inverno, quando comparada com a da primavera: no inverno, de cinco exemplares, resultaram 15,5 indivíduos e 22,5 casulos, em média, e, na primavera, de cinco, resultaram 208,25 indivíduos e 11,5 casulos; de cinco exemplares de Eudrilus eugeniae, resultaram, no inverno, 2,5 indivíduos e 9,5 casulos, em média. Conclui-se que E. f. andrei dispõe de potencialidades para se reproduzir nas estações referidas, ampliando-se a possibilidade de escolha de alimentos alternativos na ranicultura comercial da região, em que, de há muito, somente se empregam larvas de moscas, principalmente. Em E. f. andrei, a taxa de casulos viáveis foi de 28% e o número de indivíduos eclodidos de cada casulo foi 3,5, em média