ABSTRACT
The presence of ambient noise or the troubled child's behavior during the registration of transiently induced optoacoustic emission (TEOAE) can lead to false positive results at the first stage of hearing screening. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the noise reduction method based on weighted averaging of the data in the frequency and time slot, to check TEOAE, and to improve the effectiveness of universal hearing screening. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the origin of noise recorded during the UAE. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We have developed a method of noise reduction, based on weighted averaging of the data in the frequency and time cells. In this study, 20 people were examined (9 adults and 11 children). TEOAE was performed using the probe of the ILO 288 instrument manufactured by Otodinamics Ltd. that was connected to the E-MU 0204 sound card. The probe microphone was connected through the preamplifier to one input channel of the sound card, and the second channel was used to receive a signal from the ECG and the respiration recorder. Thereafter, the data thus obtained were processed by several methods, including the method of averaging in the frequency and time slot designed to average a set of implementations that contain a noisy signal. The comparison of the results of the use of noise suppression method based on weighted averaging of the data in the frequency and time cells showed that it increases the accuracy of TEOAE. MAIN RESULTS: Our work suggests that the use of the noise suppression method based on weighted averaging of the data in the frequency and time cells, increases the accuracy of TEOAE. Similar results were obtained by the weighted averaging method.
Subject(s)
Acoustic Stimulation , Audiometry/methods , Labyrinth Diseases/diagnosis , Noise/prevention & control , Photoacoustic Techniques , Acoustic Stimulation/instrumentation , Acoustic Stimulation/methods , Adult , Child , Dimensional Measurement Accuracy , Female , Humans , Male , Mass Screening/methods , Photoacoustic Techniques/instrumentation , Photoacoustic Techniques/methods , Reproducibility of ResultsABSTRACT
UNLABELLED: Chronic hepatitis in children represents a serious health and social problem. Under the conditions of the high prevalence of viral hepatitis in Yakutia epidemiological process has a number of peculiarities. In children chronic hepatitis often occurs with minor clinical manifestations, which complicate diagnosis. The study of the epidemiological, clinical and laboratory data is an important task.The aim of the study was to investigate the epidemiological characteristics of chronic hepatitis in children and adolescents living in hyper-endemic region. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 1568 patients'data, registered in the dispensary with a diagnosis of chronic hepatitis in the period from 2000 to 2012. Epidemiological history data of 304 patients with chronic hepatitis were analyzed. The data from official statistics were used for epidemiological analysis. Processing of clinical and laboratory studies was performed using the statistical package IBM SPSS STATISTICS 19. RESULT: CH epidemiological features were identified, including the prevalence of HBV-infection in etiological structure, the high incidence of the disease among the indigenous population, a high risk of intra-familial infection with hepatitis B virus , high frequency of perinatal infection with hepatitis C virus. It was proposed to maximize screening tests for markers of viral hepatitis and to improve quality control of vaccination. CONCLUSIONS: The epidemic process of viral hepatitis in children and adolescents in Yakutia is characterized by domination of HBV-infection in the structure of chronic hepatitis. The predominance of the indigenous nationalities among patients with chronic hepatitis B and the leading role of family contact in the routes structure of infection transmission indicates the importance of ethnic and social factors in contraction of the disease.
