ABSTRACT
The aim of this paper was to present a case report of a male patient attending a Semiology and Stomatology Clinic with an erythematous ulcerated lesion on his palate. The patient reported that he was HIV positive as well as being addicted to cocaine. After a biopsy and a histopathological exam, he was diagnosed as having necrotizing sialometaplasia. The lesion diminished spontaneously in thirty days after the exam. Correct diagnosis as well as physical and complementary exams are paramount to avoid any incorrect therapy. As drug addiction and HIV infection have both been associated to necrotizing sialometaplasia, as in the present case, it is difficult to establish if the aetiological factor was drug usage or the HIV infection or even, the combination of these two factors. Although considering the influence of HIV infection on the oral health, we may assume that, at least, it favored the onset of this oral lesion.
