An efficient approach to study multi-polar fuzzy ideals of semirings.

The multi polar fuzzy (m-PF) set has an extensive range of implementations in real world problems related to the multi-polar information, multi-index and multi-attributes data. This paper introduces innovative extensions to algebraic structures. We present the definitions and some important results of m-polar fuzzy subsemirings (m-PFSSs), m-polar fuzzy ideals (m-PFIs), m-polar fuzzy generalized bi-ideals (m-PFGBIs), m-polar fuzzy bi-ideals (m-PFBIs) and m-polar fuzzy quasi-ideals (m-PFQIs) in semirings. The main contributions of the paper include the derivation and proof of key theorems that shed light on the algebraic interplay and computational aspects of m-polar fuzzy ideals (m-PFIs), m-polar fuzzy generalized bi-ideals (m-PFGBIs), m-polar fuzzy bi-ideals (m-PFBIs) and m-polar fuzzy quasi-ideals (m-PFQIs) in semirings along with examples. Moreover, this paper deals with several important properties of m-PFIs and characterizes regular and intra-regular semirings by the properties of these ideals.

Pleomorphic adenoma of the nasal septum: A case report.

INTRODUCTION: Pleomorphic adenomas are benign salivary gland tumors with epithelial, myxoid, and mucoid components. They rarely occur in the upper respiratory tract where the predominant site is the nasal septum, leading to symptoms of nasal obstruction. Identifying these tumors requires histopathological examination, and they are usually managed surgically. PRESENTATION OF CASE: A middle-aged lady presented to the outpatient otorhinolaryngology clinic with symptoms of unilateral nasal obstruction. Nasal endoscopy in the clinic revealed a right-sided anterior nasal septal vascular mass, which was confirmed with a contrast-enhanced CT scan with suspicion of septal hemangioma. Surgical examination and endoscopic removal of the septal mass were carried out under anesthesia, and histopathology of the specimen showed predominant myoepithelial cellularity with scanty stroma, consistent with a diagnosis of pleomorphic adenoma. The patient had an uneventful post-operative stay and follow-up with no recurrence. DISCUSSION: Nasal cavity pleomorphic adenomas are important to identify and treat, as they can recur and potentially turn malignant. Endoscopic endonasal surgery is emerging as the treatment of choice for these adenomas, as it is associated with minimal morbidity and cosmetic impact. CONCLUSION: We report a rare case of nasal septal pleomorphic adenoma in a middle-aged female, which was successfully treated with endoscopic endonasal surgery.

Therapeutic effects of genistein in experimentally induced ulcerative colitis in rats via affecting mitochondrial biogenesis.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory bowel disease that affects the mucosa of the colon, resulting in severe inflammation and ulcers. Genistein is a polyphenolic isoflavone present in several vegetables, such as soybeans and fava beans. Therefore, we conducted the following study to determine the therapeutic effects of genistein on UC in rats by influencing antioxidant activity and mitochondrial biogenesis and the subsequent effects on the apoptotic pathway. UC was induced in rats by single intracolonic administration of 2 ml of 4% acetic acid. Then, UC rats were treated with 25-mg/kg genistein. Colon samples were obtained to assess the gene and protein expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor-2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator (PGC-1), mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM), B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2), BCL2-associated X (BAX), caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9. In addition, colon sections were stained with hematoxylin/eosin to investigate the cell structure. The microimages of UC rats revealed inflammatory cell infiltration, hemorrhage, and the destruction of intestinal glands, and these effects were improved by treatment with genistein. Finally, treatment with genistein significantly increased the expression of PGC-1, TFAM, Nrf2, HO-1, and BCL2 and reduced the expression of BAX, caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9. In conclusion, genistein exerted therapeutic effects against UC in rats. This therapeutic activity involved enhancing antioxidant activity and increasing mitochondrial biogenesis, which reduced cell apoptosis.

Recent updates in laryngeal hemangioma management: a scoping review.

PURPOSE: To provide a comprehensive review of the current strategies in the management of laryngeal hemangiomas, with an aim to introduce a management algorithm that aligns with the variable clinical presentations and anatomical complexities of these lesions. METHODS: We conducted an extensive literature search across major databases using specific and general terms, combined with Boolean operators, to ensure comprehensiveness. Articles from January 2004 to August 2023 were included, with findings categorized by management approach. RESULTS: Laryngeal hemangiomas exhibit a spectrum of manifestations, ranging from asymptomatic lesions to those causing severe airway obstruction. Optimal management demands an individualized approach tailored to the patient's unique presentation and anatomical considerations. Diverse treatment modalities, each with distinct indications, advantages, and limitations, are explored. Notable highlights encompass the prominent role of Beta-blockers, notably Propranolol, in addressing problematic infantile hemangiomas, the nuanced efficacy of laser therapies contingent upon hemangioma type and depth, and the critical relevance of tracheotomy in emergencies. Novel approaches like transoral robotic surgery and transoral ultrasonic surgery, demonstrate promise in specific scenarios. We propose a management algorithm based on the complexity and presentation of laryngeal hemangiomas, emphasizing individualized treatment strategies, thereby addressing the unique challenges and nuances of each case. CONCLUSION: Laryngeal hemangioma management requires personalized approaches informed by diverse therapies, clinical expertise, and collaboration. The review introduces an algorithm spanning observation to advanced interventions, adapting to each case's complexity. Ongoing research promises innovative treatments.

Impact of resilience-based intervention on emotional regulation, grit and life satisfaction among female Egyptian and Saudi nursing students: A randomized controlled trial.

AIM: Evaluate and compare the impact of a resilience-based intervention on emotional regulation, grit and life satisfaction among female Egyptian and Saudi nursing students. BACKGROUND: Nursing students should experience a comprehensive learning environment since they are mind-body-spirit creatures. Therefore, nursing education should emphasize growing students' physical, social, emotional and spiritual well-being in addition to their knowledge, skills and attitudes. DESIGN: This study followed a parallel arm randomized controlled trial design. Study participants were randomly assigned to the intervention or control groups in a (1:1) ratio. It was conducted between January 2023 and the end of April 2023. METHOD: Students were randomly allocated to the eight-week resilience intervention (n= 60) or a control (n= 60) group (half of the students in each group were from each country). The intervention group received a pamphlet and attended eight weekly 15-person sessions on resilience, grit (perseverance), emotional regulation and self-care. The Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, the Short Grit Scale and the Satisfaction with Life Scales were administered pre- and immediately post-intervention. RESULTS: Between pre- and post-intervention, there were significant improvements in grit (from 41.374.27 to 51.235.22 among Egyptian students with an effect size of 0.663 and from 42.974.30 to 54.103.87 among Saudi students with an effect size of 0.800), as well as mean emotional regulation (from 36.635.11 to 55.707.51 among Egyptian students with an effect size of 0.818 and from 44.606.87 to 61. With a substantial effect size of 0.850 (p0.001), Egyptian nursing students experienced a more significant rise in mean life satisfaction than Saudi nursing students (18.336.54 to 29.305.14). CONCLUSION: Resilience-based interventions enhanced emotional regulation, grit and life satisfaction in Egyptian and Saudi female nursing students. Grit, resilience and emotional regulation should be incorporated into nurse training to equip female students with the necessary values and protective factors to succeed in their studies. Given the unique challenges and stressors that female nursing students may face, nursing programs and institutions must provide resources and support services to help students manage stress and build resilience.

Diabetes education self-management intervention in improving self-efficacy for people with type 2 diabetes in the Gulf Cooperation Council countries: A systematic review.

AIMS: This research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of diabetes education self-management intervention for improving self-efficacy for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Gulf Cooperation Council countries. METHODS: The Joanna Briggs Institute's methodology was applied to conduct a systematic review of type 2 diabetes interventions published from 2012 to 2022. This involved searching major databases, including Ovid, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed, with specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. The focus was on studies involving adults aged 18 or older with a Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) diagnosis, randomized controlled trials, and full-text English-language articles, while excluding materials such as editorials and conference abstracts. RESULTS: A total of 689 relevant articles initially retrieved; ultimately, only five studies met the inclusion criteria of this review. All five included studies were randomised control trials, and all five studies indicated that there was a significant and positive impact of diabetes education self-management intervention on diet and physical activities. Furthermore, three of the included studies indicated that interventions led to a substantial reduction in the levels of glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) among people with type 2 diabetes. CONCLUSIONS: Diabetes education is an effective way of improving the health outcomes of people with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes education self-management interventions significantly increase the self-efficacy of people with Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) by enabling them to effectively control their blood glucose levels. Therefore, this study recommended that the GCC countries need to implement education intervention programmes to help and support people with Type 2 Diabetes.

Bipolar picture fuzzy hypersoft set-based performance analysis of abrasive textiles for enhanced quality control.

Abrasive textiles have widespread industrial applications in the fields of polishing, finishing, deburring, and cleaning of various surfaces. Effective decision making and performance analysis are crucial in the development and manufacturing of abrasive textiles, as it enables manufacturers to evaluate and optimize the performance of these materials for specific applications and to make informed decisions about their production processes. For that purpose, this work aims to introduce an innovative bipolar picture fuzzy hypersoft set (BPFHSS) which is composed of two picture fuzzy hyper soft sets; one of them gives us the positive information, and the other gives us the negative information, for each membership degree, neutral membership, and non-membership degree. The properties of the designed structure and discussed alongside a thorough discussion on the De-Morgan's laws. Also, the bipolar picture fuzzy hypersoft weighted geometric (BPFHSWG) operator is defined for the BPFHSS framework to aggregate bipolar picture fuzzy hypersoft numbers (BPFHSN) information. This research highlights the importance of considering inconsistent, bipolar, and multiple sub-attribute information in decision-making processes by using the defined operators to develop an algorithm for a multi-attribute analysis for quality control of manufacture of abrasive textiles.

Nursing students' perceptions on community care and placement preference in Saudi Arabian universities: A multicenter cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: There is an increasing shortage of highly educated community nurses; only a small number of nursing students choose to work in the community. OBJECTIVES: To understand the perception among nursing students in Saudi Arabia about working in the community and where they intend to pursue their careers. DESIGN: A quantitative cross-sectional design. SETTINGS AND PARTICIPANTS: A convenience sample of undergraduate students enrolled in their first to final years of a bachelor's degree program at three Saudi Arabian universities. METHODS: Data were collected from September-December 2022 using the 'Scale on Community Care Perceptions', which included demographic questions and measures reflecting their impressions of a community care placement, a community care career, and their current placement preferences. RESULTS: In total, 439 students completed the online questionnaire. Nursing students' community care feelings (affective component), expectations, and regards as a future profession were moderately positive with a mean of 6.68 (1-10 scale; negative-positive perceptions). Regarding placement preference, many students chose general hospitals (N = 212, 48.30 %); a small number chose community care (N = 77, 17.54 %). The positive choice of respondents was influenced by the various technical nursing skills required (N = 212, 10.6 %), enjoyable relationships with patients (N = 211, 10.5 %), and many opportunities for advancement (N = 169, 8.4 %). Furthermore, students' placement preferences were significantly predicted by their expectations of placement and future professions in community care (F = 95.24, p < 0.01, R2 = 0.30). A significant difference was also found among their preferences in terms of the level of education and the experience of family and friends working in the community (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Community care is an undervalued career choice among nursing students in Saudi Arabia. To bolster nursing students to prefer this career path, nursing schools, in coordination with local authorities, must formulate and implement a clearly defined career development plan that allows them to fully immerse themselves in community care activities.

Perceptions of nursing students and faculty members towards academic integrity and professionalism in Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Maintaining and nourishing academic integrity along with professionalism in nursing education is integral and imperative to the development of the nursing profession. However, evidence shows that academic dishonesty and incompetency exist and are raising problems among college students of all disciplines including nursing. To date, limited studies have been conducted in this area in Saudi Arabia. OBJECTIVES: To determine the perceptions of nursing students and faculty members towards academic integrity and professionalism. DESIGN: A cross-sectional design. SETTINGS AND PARTICIPANTS: A convenience sample of undergraduate students enrolled in government universities in Saudi Arabia, and their faculty members. METHODS: 342 Saudi nursing students and 113 nursing faculty members were surveyed with a valid and reliable questionnaire modified to the study setting. RESULTS: Findings revealed that the majority of nursing students and faculty members were aware of the nature of academic dishonesty and unprofessionalism. Less 40 % of students and teachers reported academic dishonesty and unprofessionalism as frequent. The majority of respondents in both groups revealed there were no existing policies in their colleges relevant to academic integrity/dishonesty. For those who reported the presence of a policy, the highest percentage of the respondents expressed just occasional implementation. There was no significant difference between the perceptions of students and faculty in all scenarios regarding academic integrity and professionalism. Lastly, the level of education and affiliated nursing college was associated with the respondents' perceptions. CONCLUSIONS: Nursing students and faculty members have considerable cognizance of the concept of academic integrity and professionalism. However, the occurrence of academic dishonesty and unprofessionalism was observed at both universities. The lack of established policies is a particular challenge for management. Hence, it is essential that educational institutions formulate clear academic policies that cultivate academic integrity, prevent academic dishonesty, and enhance the level of professionalism.

Nursing internship students' knowledge regarding the care and management of people with diabetes: A multicenter cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Nursing students in their final year of study will soon become responsible for the care and management of people with diabetes, and they need to be knowledgeable to provide adequate information. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to assess nursing students' knowledge regarding diabetes care and management. DESIGN: A descriptive cross-sectional multicenter study. SETTINGS AND PARTICIPANTS: A convenience sample of all nursing students' internship enrolled at three government universities in Saudi Arabia. METHODS: 306 Saudi nursing students were surveyed with a self-administered questionnaire of the sociodemographic characteristics of the participants. The second part contained 23 multiple-choice questions of the Michigan Diabetes Knowledge Test. Data were collected from July to September 2022. RESULTS: The overall percentage of correct responses was 49.28 %. There was a significant difference between sex, the university attended, attendance in courses related to diabetes, and diabetes management guidelines in any course and their knowledge about diabetes care and management (p = 0.024, 0.001, 0.036, and 0.038, respectively). There was a significant difference between nursing students' general knowledge and insulin use knowledge (p = 0.001). A multiple regression analysis revealed that the university attended was the only statistically significant factor (p = 0.001). CONCLUSION: Nursing internship students are likely to be responsible for providing people with diabetes care and management once they qualify. Inappropriate knowledge negatively affects the care and management of people with diabetes. Information related to diabetic insulin therapy should be provided in more detail in the nursing curriculum.

Contamination and health risk assessment of groundwater along the Red Sea coast, Northwest Saudi Arabia.

Coastal groundwater is the major source of freshwater in coastal areas, due to shortage of the water resource in coastal zones. Groundwater samples were collected from 48 sites along the Saudi Red Sea coast between Rabigh and Yanbu to document the hydrogeochemical characteristics, water quality, and the health risks of nitrate, fluoride, nickel, copper, and zinc on adults and children. Groundwater chemistry indicated neutral to slightly alkaline nature, and the total dissolved salts (TDS) concentrations mainly increase towards the coastal plain. Major cations, major anions, and heavy metals (HMs) were in the order of Cl- > Na+ > SO42- > Ca2+ > HCO3- > NO3- > Mg2+ > K+, F- > Zn > Cu > Ni. Na-Cl, mixed Ca-Mg-Cl and Na-K-HCO3, CaCl, and Mg-HCO3 were the principal hydrochemical water types. Results of heavy metal pollution index (HPI), and water quality index (WQI) showed moderate to heavy pollution and unsuitable groundwater for human consumption mostly in the western side along the coastal plain, which might be influenced by the groundwater salinization. Principal component analysis (PCA) generated four components, which indicated the various sources of contamination. Hazard index (HI) of nitrate and fluoride were above the safety limit of 1, suggesting increase non-cancer health risk issues in both children and adults.

Ecological and health risk assessment of heavy metals contamination in mangrove sediments, Red Sea coast.

Due to the significance of mangroves for the diversity of marine and terrestrial life along the Red Sea coast, the present work aimed to evaluate the environmental and health risk of heavy metals in Wadi el-Gemal sediments. The findings of single and integrated indices demonstrated no significant pollution with Fe, Cu, Zn, Ni, Co, and Cd, while the sediments showed severe and minor enrichment with Mn and Cd, respectively, which might be attributed to the presence of some mining activities in the mountains near the study area. The possible carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks due to their dermal absorption from the sediments were analyzed and the findings demonstrated that the non-carcinogenic health hazards were within tolerable and safe limits. Moreover, the evaluation of chronic daily intake and the overall cancer risk (LCR) for adults and children for Pb and Cd both ruled out any current potential carcinogenic health risks.

COVID-19: Factors Associated with the Psychological Distress, Fear and Resilient Coping Strategies among Community Members in Saudi Arabia.

(1) Background: COVID-19 caused the worst international public health crisis, accompanied by major global economic downturns and mass-scale job losses, which impacted the psychosocial wellbeing of the worldwide population, including Saudi Arabia. Evidence of the high-risk groups impacted by the pandemic has been non-existent in Saudi Arabia. Therefore, this study examined factors associated with psychosocial distress, fear of COVID-19 and coping strategies among the general population in Saudi Arabia. (2) Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in healthcare and community settings in the Saudi Arabia using an anonymous online questionnaire. The Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K-10), Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) and Brief Resilient Coping Scale (BRCS) were used to assess psychological distress, fear and coping strategies, respectively. Multivariate logistic regressions were used, and an Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) with 95% Confidence Intervals (CIs) was reported. (3) Results: Among 803 participants, 70% (n = 556) were females, and the median age was 27 years; 35% (n = 278) were frontline or essential service workers; and 24% (n = 195) reported comorbid conditions including mental health illness. Of the respondents, 175 (21.8%) and 207 (25.8%) reported high and very high psychological distress, respectively. Factors associated with moderate to high levels of psychological distress were: youth, females, non-Saudi nationals, those experiencing a change in employment or a negative financial impact, having comorbidities, and current smoking. A high level of fear was reported by 89 participants (11.1%), and this was associated with being ex-smokers (3.72, 1.14-12.14, 0.029) and changes in employment (3.42, 1.91-6.11, 0.000). A high resilience was reported by 115 participants (14.3%), and 333 participants (41.5%) had medium resilience. Financial impact and contact with known/suspected cases (1.63, 1.12-2.38, 0.011) were associated with low, medium, to high resilient coping. (4) Conclusions: People in Saudi Arabia were at a higher risk of psychosocial distress along with medium-high resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic, warranting urgent attention from healthcare providers and policymakers to provide specific mental health support strategies for their current wellbeing and to avoid a post-pandemic mental health crisis.

Quality and groundwater contamination of Wadi Hanifa, central Saudi Arabia.

In arid and semi-arid regions, freshwater is mainly acquired from groundwater. Over the years, human activities have reduced the latter's quality, making it a threat to health. Heavy metal pollution index (HPI), metal index (MI), groundwater quality index (GWQI), sodium absorption ratio (SAR), magnesium ratio (MR), Kelly's ratio (KR), and sodium percentage (Na%) were applied as pollution parameters and indices in assessing the groundwater's suitability for irrigation and drinking purposes in Wadi Hanifa in Saudi Arabia. Samples were collected from 26 sites, and a physicochemical analysis and heavy metal analysis were conducted. The results showed a concentration of SO42-, Cl-, Ca2+, HCO3-, Na+, Mg2+, and K+, which is higher than the WHO standards for drinking water. 96.15% of the water samples (n = 25) fell under the Ca-Cl groundwater dominant facies type, and one model fell under the mixed type. According to the GWQI classification, 16.66%, 50%, and 26.92% of the collected samples are categorized as very poor, poor, and generally unsuitable for human consumption, respectively. Parameters such as SAR, KR, and Na% are indicative of irrigation water. The study's primary factors affecting the groundwater chemistry included the natural processes of precipitation or dissolution of the silicates, carbonates, and evaporites alongside anthropogenic activities and soil leaching.

Heavy metal pollution in surface sediments and human health assessment in southern Al-Khobar coast, Saudi Arabia.

Surface sediment samples from twenty-nine stations in south Al-Khobar coastline, Arabian Gulf, have been examined to assess the heavy metal contamination and impact on human health through dermal contact. The content in Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, Fe, Mn, Co, Hg and Ni, was evaluated. Pollution index, modified degree of contamination, and pollution load index agreed to exclude heavy metal pollution. Differently, soil pollution index and Nemerow integrated pollution index pointed out moderate and heavy pollution grade for Hg and Cu, respectively. The human health assessment, according to the low values of the hazard index ˂ 1.0 for both adults and children, excluded any significant impact on the human body. The chronic daily intake and the total lifetime cancer risk also were consistent in excluding any risk to human health. Similarly, the carcinogenic risks for Pb and Cd, and the total cancer risk ˂1 × 10-6, did not imply significant health hazards.

Contamination and health risk assessment of arsenic and chromium in coastal sediments of Al-Khobar area, Arabian Gulf, Saudi Arabia.

The contamination and health risks by arsenic and chromium in the Al-Khobar coastal area, Arabian Gulf, have been assessed by examining 29 samples of surface sediment. Several single and complex indices were accounted to assess contamination, while the chronic daily intake (CDI), the hazard index (HI) and the total lifetime cancer risk (LCR) were applied to assess human health. The studied sediments showed absence or low level of As and Cr contamination. Results of CDI suggested a greater intake of As and Cr in children than in adults, mainly by ingestion pathway, reaching >99.5 % from the total for both adults and children. The recorded values of HI indicated not significant non-carcinogenic effects on the human body. LCR was higher in children than in adults. However, the recorded values suggested that the present carcinogenic risk for As and Cr can be considered acceptable or tolerable.

Testing the validity and reliability of the Arabic version of the Disaster Response Self-Efficacy Scale among Saudi nursing students.

AIM: The study tested the validity and reliability of the "Disaster Response Self-Efficacy Scale" Arabic version (DRSES-A) among Saudi nursing students. BACKGROUND: Disaster self-efficacy is one such factor of increasing interest. Little research has explored disaster response self-efficacy despite growing evidence on disaster response preparedness in Saudi Arabia. A systematic, standardized and valid instrument is needed to assess disaster self-efficacy in the Saudi context. The DRSES is one of the tools with excellent psychometric properties that can evaluate the nursing students' perceived self-efficacy in disaster preparation, mitigation and response. DESIGN: This investigation is a quantitative methodological design testing the validity and reliability of the DRSES-A. METHOD: In this study, 290 Saudi nursing students were surveyed from May to June 2021 in the three government universities in Saudi Arabia using the convenience sampling technique. The Disaster Response Self-Efficacy Scale underwent a linguistic adaptation following a forward-backward translation method. Construct validity was established using the principal component analysis to extract the components of DRSES-A. RESULT: The overall mean of the DRSES-A was 3.41 (SD = 0.75). The overall Cronbach alpha was 0.939. The subscales "Onsite rescue" and "Psychological nursing" had a similar alpha of 0.911, while "Role quality and adaptation" had a computed alpha of 0.878. The expert rated all item content validity index as 1 with an average score content validity index of 1. The principal component analysis supported a three-factor DRSES-A. CONCLUSION: The DRSES-A is a valid and reliable scale that can measure Arabic-speaking baccalaureate nursing students' self-reported disaster response self-efficacy.

Consumer Behaviour and Attitude towards the Purchase of Organic Products in Riobamba, Ecuador.

The development of organic agriculture has been promoted worldwide to improve the nutritional health of families, and Ecuador is no exception. The aim of this research was to identify the behaviour and attitudes of consumers toward the commercialization of organic products in the city of Riobamba. This will help us to understand in what situations the consumers access these foods, the producer position in relation to the market, and to know their attitude towards these products. The study used a quantitative approach, and is descriptive, incorporating the deductive method and a non-experimental design. The techniques used were a survey as a source of data collection, with a sample including 195 consumers. Linear regression was applied to test the hypotheses; this made it possible to identify those demographic and cultural factors that determine, to a lesser extent, consumer purchase behaviour in regard to organic products. The study determined that motivation, emotions, and feelings are significantly related to the consumer's attitude and purchase of organic products.

COVID-19: Factors associated with psychological distress, fear, and coping strategies among community members across 17 countries.

BACKGROUND: The current pandemic of COVID-19 impacted the psychological wellbeing of populations globally. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to examine the extent and identify factors associated with psychological distress, fear of COVID-19 and coping. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study across 17 countries during Jun-2020 to Jan-2021. Levels of psychological distress (Kessler Psychological Distress Scale), fear of COVID-19 (Fear of COVID-19 Scale), and coping (Brief Resilient Coping Scale) were assessed. RESULTS: A total of 8,559 people participated; mean age (±SD) was 33(±13) years, 64% were females and 40% self-identified as frontline workers. More than two-thirds (69%) experienced moderate-to-very high levels of psychological distress, which was 46% in Thailand and 91% in Egypt. A quarter (24%) had high levels of fear of COVID-19, which was as low as 9% in Libya and as high as 38% in Bangladesh. More than half (57%) exhibited medium to high resilient coping; the lowest prevalence (3%) was reported in Australia and the highest (72%) in Syria. Being female (AOR 1.31 [95% CIs 1.09-1.57]), perceived distress due to change of employment status (1.56 [1.29-1.90]), comorbidity with mental health conditions (3.02 [1.20-7.60]) were associated with higher levels of psychological distress and fear. Doctors had higher psychological distress (1.43 [1.04-1.97]), but low levels of fear of COVID-19 (0.55 [0.41-0.76]); nurses had medium to high resilient coping (1.30 [1.03-1.65]). CONCLUSIONS: The extent of psychological distress, fear of COVID-19 and coping varied by country; however, we identified few higher risk groups who were more vulnerable than others. There is an urgent need to prioritise health and well-being of those people through well-designed intervention that may need to be tailored to meet country specific requirements.

Identification of CSF3R Mutations in B-Lineage Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Using Comprehensive Cancer Panel and Next-Generation Sequencing.

B-lineage acute lymphocytic leukemia (B-ALL) is characterized by different genetic aberrations at a chromosomal and gene level which are very crucial for diagnosis, prognosis and risk assessment of the disease. However, there is still controversial arguments in regard to disease outcomes in specific genetic abnormalities, e.g., 9p-deletion. Moreover, in absence of cytogenetic abnormalities it is difficult to predict B-ALL progression. Here, we use the advantage of Next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology to study the mutation landscape of 12 patients with B-ALL using Comprehensive Cancer Panel (CCP) which covers the most common mutated cancer genes. Our results describe new mutations in CSF3R gene including S661N, S557G, and Q170X which might be associated with disease progression.