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1.
Phys Rev Lett ; 125(17): 172501, 2020 Oct 23.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33156683

ABSTRACT

The ^{80}Ge structure was investigated in a high-statistics ß-decay experiment of ^{80}Ga using the GRIFFIN spectrometer at TRIUMF-ISAC through γ, ß-e, e-γ, and γ-γ spectroscopy. No evidence was found for the recently reported 0_{2}^{+} 639-keV level suggested as evidence for low-energy shape coexistence in ^{80}Ge. Large-scale shell model calculations performed in ^{78,80,82}Ge place the 0_{2}^{+} level in ^{80}Ge at 2 MeV. The new experimental evidence combined with shell model predictions indicate that low-energy shape coexistence is not present in ^{80}Ge.

2.
Artif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol ; 45(2): 313-320, 2017 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26900050

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was optimization of risperidone (model drug) biodegradable nanoparticles utilizing emulsion-solvent evaporation technique. Box-Behnken design was adopted to optimize the preparation process. Optimized nanoparticles were characterized for surface morphology using scanning electron microscope. Pharmacokinetic parameters were compared with the marketed tablets. Results revealed that the optimized formula showed 297.37 nm, 85.12%, and 59.79% for Y1, Y2, and Y3, respectively. Optimized formula showed significant improved bioavailability compared with marketed tablets. Successful achievement of prolonged risperidone release with improved bioavailability is expected to maximize patients' adherence to their antipsychotic drug therapy and to minimize risk of relapse during maintenance therapy.


Subject(s)
Drug Delivery Systems/methods , Nanoparticles/chemistry , Risperidone , Animals , Male , Rabbits , Risperidone/chemistry , Risperidone/pharmacokinetics , Risperidone/pharmacology
3.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19157963

ABSTRACT

Poly(vinylalcohol) (PVA)/vanadium pentoxide xerogel (VXG) composites were prepared and exposed to different electron beam irradiation doses. Changes in the structural properties, crystallinity degree of composites with increasing irradiation doses and VXG content were subsequently investigated using the Fourier transformer infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) techniques. The crystallinity degree of the PVA matrix was found to decrease markedly due to VXG addition and/or irradiation process.


Subject(s)
Electrons , Gels , Polyvinyl Alcohol/chemistry , Vanadium Compounds/chemistry , Calorimetry, Differential Scanning , Crystallization , Gels/chemistry , Gels/radiation effects , Materials Testing , Molecular Structure , Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared , X-Ray Diffraction
4.
Int J Biomed Sci ; 3(1): 20-30, 2007 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23675017

ABSTRACT

A simple and sensitive kinetic spectrophotometric method was established for the determination of acarbose and miglitol in bulk and in their pharmaceutical preparations using alkaline potassium permanganate as an oxidizing agent. The method involves determination of acarbose and miglitol by kinetic studies of their oxidation at room temperature for a fixed time of 15 minutes for acarbose and 25 minutes for miglitol. The absorbance of the colored manganate ion was measured at 610 nm. Alternatively, the kinetic decrease in the absorbance of permanganate upon addition of the studied drugs at 525 nm was also used. The absorbance concentration plot was rectilinear over the concentration range of 4-20 and 1-10 µg/ml for acarbose and miglitol, respectively. The detection limits were 0.189 and 0.089 µg/ml at 610 nm and 0.081 and 0.179 µg/ml at 525 nm for acarbose and miglitol respectively. The method was successfully applied for the determination of these drugs in their dosage forms. The results obtained were in good agreement with those obtained with the reference methods.

5.
Acta Paediatr ; 88(3): 290-4, 1999 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10229039

ABSTRACT

Scorpion envenomation (SE) represents an agonizing problem in many countries, especially in rural areas. This clinical and neurophysiological study aimed to determine the relative frequency of scorpion envenomation in the Assiut area, in Upper Egypt. Full clinical evaluation was carried out for all children < or =18 y of age included in the study. Electroencephalography (EEG), electromyography (EMG) and motor conduction velocity measurements were carried out for a variable number of children. SE was recorded in 302 cases per year in this area. Of these, 78.5% were < or =18 y of age. SE occurred most commonly during the summer months. Clinical evaluation revealed that SE results in marked autonomic manifestations, principally sinus tachycardia (78.1%), vomiting (70.5%) and hyperthermia (53.2%). It also results in many neuropsychiatric manifestations, such as agitation and restlessness (17.7%) and disturbance of consciousness (8.0%). Electroencephalographic study of 184 cases of SE in paediatric patients aged < or =18 y revealed abnormalities in 77.7%. Study of mean distal latency and motor conduction velocity revealed that patients had a significantly shorter distal latency and a more rapid motor conduction velocity compared with the control group. This was true for both the inflicted limb and the contralateral limb. Most of the complications of SE are due to irritability of the central and peripheral nervous systems.


Subject(s)
Scorpion Stings , Scorpions , Adolescent , Adult , Age Distribution , Aged , Animals , Central Nervous System Diseases/etiology , Child , Child, Preschool , Egypt/epidemiology , Electroencephalography , Electromyography , Female , Fever/etiology , Humans , Infant , Male , Middle Aged , Neural Conduction , Prospective Studies , Scorpion Stings/complications , Scorpion Stings/diagnosis , Scorpion Stings/epidemiology , Scorpion Stings/therapy , Seasons , Sex Distribution , Vomiting/etiology
6.
Pharmazie ; 53(11): 748-51, 1998 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9853356

ABSTRACT

The pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine derivatives 3 could be prepared by condensing compounds 1 with the 3-aminopyrazolone derivative 2. The pyrazolo[5,2-b]-1,3-oxazine derivative 11 and polyfunctionally substituted 1,4-dihydropyridines 15, 18 were also synthesized. Some of the obtained compounds were tested for their antimicrobial activity.


Subject(s)
Anti-Infective Agents/chemical synthesis , Pyrazoles/chemical synthesis , Anti-Bacterial Agents , Anti-Infective Agents/pharmacology , Bacteria/drug effects , Colony Count, Microbial , Fungi/drug effects , Pyrazoles/pharmacology
7.
AJNR Am J Neuroradiol ; 19(3): 523-8, 1998 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9541312

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Our purpose was to report the patterns of injury observed in five patients who suffered brain damage consequent to neonatal hypoglycemia. METHODS: The imaging studies and clinical records of five patients with brain damage caused by neonatal hypoglycemia were reviewed retrospectively. Patterns of injury were compared with those described in the literature and those seen in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic injury. RESULTS: Diffuse cortical and subcortical white matter damage was seen, with the parietal and occipital lobes affected most severely. Globus pallidus injury was present in one patient who had the most severe cortical injury. CONCLUSION: We found a specific pattern of injury that correlates well with the sparse pathologic and imaging reports on neonatal hypoglycemia. We speculate that the patterns of damage are the result of regional hypoperfusion and excitatory toxicity with cell-type-specific injury.


Subject(s)
Brain/diagnostic imaging , Brain/pathology , Hypoglycemia/diagnosis , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Brain Damage, Chronic/etiology , Humans , Hypoglycemia/complications , Infant, Newborn
8.
Mater Med Pol ; 28(3): 87-91, 1996.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9167418

ABSTRACT

Grandmultiparity which has been considered to be a factor in maternal and neonatal morbidity [3], is still high in Libya as compared with European countries. A retrospective study of one aspect of this problem concerned the Cesarean section in patients who had delivered 6 or more babies. During the period of January Ist to the end of December 1993, the records of all grandmultiparous women who delivered by a Cesarean section (287 cases) were reviewed at Obstetric Department of University Hospital in Benghazi-Libya. The incidence was 7.9%. The most common indications for the Cesarean section were: fetopelvic disproportion or failure to progress (26.5%), previous Cesarean sections (19.5%), malpresentation (16%), placenta praevia and failed induction for each of them (7%). The perinatal mortality was 17/1000. We conclude that grandmultiparas require Cesarean sections more frequently than nongrandmultiparas, especially primary and emergency Cesarean sections. For such patients an effective family planning program is necessary.


Subject(s)
Cesarean Section , Parity , Adult , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Pregnancy , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors
9.
J Egypt Public Health Assoc ; 67(5-6): 565-78, 1992.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-1294682

ABSTRACT

Exposure of male albino rats to DDVP insecticide at sublethal dose of 30 mg/kg/day through dermal painting for a period of 90 days didn't show any intoxication symptoms or mortality. However, cytopathological changes in testicular and liver tissues were evident. There was a positive correlation between the degree of cellular damage and the period of insecticide administration. In general, damages were prominent in rats treated for 30 days or more. Histological examination of testes showed degenerative seminiferous tubules and fewer leydig cells. Hepatic cells were congested, atrophied and showed different stages of necrobiotic changes. This suggests a great care and caution for workers during different phases of DDVP insecticide handling.


Subject(s)
Dichlorvos/toxicity , Liver/pathology , Testis/pathology , Administration, Topical , Animals , Atrophy , Biopsy , Dichlorvos/administration & dosage , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Drug Evaluation, Preclinical , Leydig Cells/drug effects , Leydig Cells/pathology , Liver/drug effects , Male , Rats , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Testis/drug effects
10.
Toxicology ; 32(1): 37-46, 1984 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-6740710

ABSTRACT

A single oral administration of O, O, S-trimethyl phosphorothioate (OOS-Me), an impurity in widely used organophosphorus insecticides, causes delayed toxicity (delayed death) which is accompanied by morphological changes in the bronchiolar epithelium of rat lungs. A series of simple O,O-dimethyl and O,O-diethyl S-alkyl phosphorothioate esters, which induce delayed toxicity, were examined for their effect on rat bronchiolar epithelium. The structural analogues synthesized and tested include O, O-dimethyl S-ethyl phosphorothioate, O,O-dimethyl S-isopropyl phosphorothioate, O,O,S-triethyl phosphorothioate, and O,O-diethyl S-methyl phosphorothioate. The present investigation demonstrated that these analogues of OOS-Me which cause delayed toxicity produce body weight loss, accompanied by morphological alterations of terminal bronchiolar epithelium, i.e. loss of the apical bulge of non-ciliated Clara cells. Another impurity which produces delayed toxicity, O,S,S-trimethyl phosphorodithioate, was also capable of producing similar effects at near the LD50 level.


Subject(s)
Bronchi/drug effects , Organothiophosphates/toxicity , Organothiophosphorus Compounds/toxicity , Administration, Oral , Animals , Bronchi/ultrastructure , Epithelium/drug effects , Epithelium/ultrastructure , Lethal Dose 50 , Male , Microscopy, Electron, Scanning , Rats , Structure-Activity Relationship
11.
J Toxicol Environ Health ; 12(4-6): 591-8, 1983.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-6668610

ABSTRACT

The effect of atropine, 2-pyridine aldoxime methiodide (2-PAM), and several O,O,O-trialkylphosphorothioates on poisoning of rats by a series of O,O-dimethyl and O,O-diethyl S-alkyl phosphorothioates was investigated. Atropine and 2-PAM successfully protected rats treated with O,O-diethyl S-n-propyl and S-i-propyl phosphorothioates, while the O,O,O-trialkyl phosphorothioates were effective in protecting rats treated with O,O-dimethyl S-methyl and S-ethyl phosphorothioates. O,O-Dimethyl and O,O-diethyl S-i-propyl phosphorothioates also were examined for in vitro and in vivo inhibition of rat plasma, red blood cell, and brain cholinesterase. Overall, the results indicated that two different mechanisms, cholinergic and noncholinergic, are involved in intoxication by the O,O,S-trialkyl phosphorothioates.


Subject(s)
Organothiophosphates/toxicity , Organothiophosphorus Compounds/toxicity , Animals , Atropine/pharmacology , Cholinesterase Inhibitors/toxicity , Female , Organothiophosphates/antagonists & inhibitors , Organothiophosphates/pharmacology , Pralidoxime Compounds/pharmacology , Rats , Rats, Inbred Strains , Structure-Activity Relationship
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