Subject(s)
Autopsy/methods , COVID-19 Testing , COVID-19/diagnosis , COVID-19/virology , Nasopharynx/virology , RNA, Viral/isolation & purification , SARS-CoV-2/genetics , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , COVID-19/epidemiology , Cause of Death , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , SARS-CoV-2/isolation & purificationABSTRACT
AIMS: Pleomorphic lobular carcinoma in situ (PLCIS) is a relatively newly described pathological lesion that is distinguished from classical LCIS by its large pleomorphic nuclei. The lesion is uncommon and its appropriate management has been debated. The aim of this study is to review data from a large series of PLCIS to examine its natural history in order to guide management plans. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Comprehensive pathology data were collected from two cohorts; one from a UK multicentre audit and the other a series of PLCIS cases identified from within the GLACIER study cohort. 179 cases were identified of whom 176 had enough data for analysis. RESULTS: Out of these 176 cases, 130 had invasive disease associated with PLCIS, the majority being of lobular type (classical and/or pleomorphic). A high incidence of histological grade 2 and 3 invasive cancers was noted with a predominance of ER positive and HER-2 negative malignancy. When PLCIS was the most significant finding on diagnostic biopsy the upgrade to invasive disease on excision was 31.8%, which is higher than pooled data for classical LCIS and DCIS. CONCLUSION: The older age at presentation, high grade of upgrade to invasive cancer, common association with higher grade tumours suggest that PLCIS is an aggressive form of insitu disease. These findings support the view that PLCIS is a more aggressive form of lobular in situ neoplasia and supports the tendency to treat akin to DCIS.
Subject(s)
Breast Carcinoma In Situ/pathology , Breast Neoplasms/pathology , Carcinoma, Lobular/pathology , Adult , Age Factors , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Biopsy , Breast/pathology , Breast Carcinoma In Situ/chemistry , Breast Carcinoma In Situ/ultrastructure , Breast Neoplasms/chemistry , Breast Neoplasms/ultrastructure , Carcinoma, Lobular/chemistry , Female , Humans , Medical Audit , Middle Aged , Neoplasm Grading , Neoplasm Invasiveness , Receptor, ErbB-2/metabolism , Receptors, Estrogen/metabolism , Retrospective Studies , United KingdomABSTRACT
Granulomatous mastitis (GM) of the breast is a rare benign inflammatory disease and its presentation closely mimics breast cancer. Its diagnosis is mainly based on histology and there is no consensus agreement regarding its management. We report a case of a 60-year-old woman presenting with a right breast lump associated with a history of rheumatoid arthritis and raised rheumatoid factor. Following triple assessment (history and examination, imaging and biopsy), GM was diagnosed and she was treated conservatively.
Subject(s)
Arthritis, Rheumatoid/complications , Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis , Carcinoma/diagnosis , Granulomatous Mastitis/complications , Granulomatous Mastitis/diagnosis , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , Granulomatous Mastitis/therapy , Humans , Middle AgedABSTRACT
Rhabdoid tumors of kidney and extrarenal rhabdoid tumors are identified by a round-epithelioid cell morphology and a bland immunophenotype, but a distinctive ultrastructure dominated by paranuclear whorls of intermediate filaments, most usually of vimentin. These tumors are also known to be highly aggressive malignancies, which, typically, bear a poor prognosis, frequently measured in months following initial presentation. The authors record the case a soft-tissue rhabdoid tumor in a 12-year-old boy with a unique long-term survival in excess of 16 years. The features of this case are documented, with a brief summary of histological, immunohistochemical, ultrastructural, and genetic characteristics of this entity.
