ABSTRACT
Inadequate oral health knowledge and awareness is more likely to cause oral diseases among all age groups, including children. Reports about the oral health awareness and oral hygiene practices of children in Bangladesh are insufficient. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the oral health awareness and practices of junior school children in Mathbaria upazila of Pirojpur District, Bangladesh. The study covered 150 children aged 5 to 12 years of age from three primary schools. The study reveals that the students have limited awareness about oral health and poor knowledge of oral hygiene habits. Oral health awareness and hygiene practices amongst the school going children was found to be very poor and create a much-needed niche for implementing school-based oral health awareness and education projects/programs.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: The effect of intermittent parathyroid hormone (PTH[1-34]) treatment on bone regeneration in a rat model of mandibular distraction was evaluated using microcomputed tomography. STUDY DESIGN: After a 5-day latency period, mandibles of 18 rats were distracted at 0.2 mm/12 hours for 10 days, and rats in the PTH and control groups received subcutaneous injections of PTH(1-34) at a dosage of 60 µg/kg body weight or a vehicle only, respectively, 3 times a week. The animals were humanely killed after 10 days of distraction and after 1 week and 3 weeks of consolidation. RESULTS: In reconstructed 3-dimensional images of the distracted mandible, mean bone volumes of the desired region of interest in the PTH group were significantly larger than those in the control group at all time points. CONCLUSIONS: Intermittent PTH(1-34) treatment enhances new bone formation during mandibular distraction in a rat model, and it may be effective for shortening the consolidation period.
Subject(s)
Bone Regeneration/drug effects , Mandible/drug effects , Mandible/surgery , Osteogenesis, Distraction , Parathyroid Hormone/pharmacology , Animals , Imaging, Three-Dimensional , Male , Mandible/diagnostic imaging , Models, Animal , Osteotomy , Rats , Rats, Wistar , X-Ray MicrotomographyABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: The cellular events, underlying bone regeneration through rat mandibular distraction osteogenesis (DO) was examined using micro computerized tomography (microCT), histology, and histochemistry. STUDY DESIGN: After 5-day latency, mandibles were distracted at 0.2 mm/12 h for 10 days, and fixed at latency 5 days (L5D), distraction 3, 6, 10 days (D3D, D6D, D10D), and consolidation 1, 3, 6, 10 weeks (C1W, C3W, C6W, C10W). RESULTS: The microCT demonstrated radiopacity at the distraction gap (DG) during C1W, which was filled with new bone at C6W and C10W. At D3D, collagen fibers were aligned along the axis of the distraction vector. At D6D, alkaline phosphatase-positive osteoblasts and intramembranous ossification was observed. Collagen bundles became thicker with new bony trabeculae at D10D. Type II collagen-immunopositive areas first appeared at C1W. At C3W, cartilage tissue and endochondral ossification were found. By C6W, the entire DG had been bridged by new bone. The C10W specimens showed mature lamellar bone. CONCLUSION: Mandibular DO produces bone through both intramembranous and endochondral ossification.
Subject(s)
Bone Regeneration/physiology , Mandible/surgery , Osteogenesis, Distraction , Animals , Cell Differentiation , Chondrocytes/cytology , Chondrogenesis/physiology , Fibrillar Collagens , Fracture Healing/physiology , Immunoenzyme Techniques , Male , Mandible/anatomy & histology , Mandible/diagnostic imaging , Osteoblasts/cytology , Osteoclasts/cytology , Osteogenesis, Distraction/instrumentation , Osteogenesis, Distraction/methods , Rats , Rats, Wistar , X-Ray MicrotomographyABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of Er,Cr:YSGG laser in root canal preparation and its effectiveness in removing debris and smear layer with the efficacy of the conventional hand instrument, in vitro. BACKGROUND DATA: Recently, the use of the Er,Cr:YSGG laser device in root canal preparation has been excepted in the dental clinic. However, there have been no published reports on root canal preparation by using the Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 40 straight root canals were prepared by an Er,Cr:YSGG laser at a output power of 2 W, and 40 canals were shaped by using the K file under irrigation with NaOCl and H2O2 by using the crown-down technique (control). The achievement degree of root canal preparation and debris score was morphologically investigated. RESULTS: The results showed that great improvement in the cleanliness of the walls was found using the laser technique as compared with the control technique; a significant decrease in smear layer or debris was also recognized in laser-prepared canals (p < 0.01). But canal preparations with the laser device sometime result in ledge, zipped, perforation, or over-instrumentation. CONCLUSION: The results demonstrated that root canal preparations with the laser device were significantly worse than in the control group. Further development in laser device and technique are required to ensure its success in root canal preparation.