Corrigendum to "Moderating role of functional/mobility limitations in the association between sleep problems and hypertension among middle-aged and older adults in India" [Prev. Med. Rep. 38 (2024) 102589].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2024.102589.].

Cross-lagged relationships between exposure to intimate partner violence, depressive symptoms and suicidal thoughts among adolescent and young married women.

BACKGROUND: High rates of depression and suicidal ideation are found in women experiencing intimate partner violence (IPV), but their temporal relationship is unclear. This study explores the bidirectional causality between IPV victimization, depressive symptoms, and suicidal thoughts among adolescent and young married women in India. METHODS: Data sourced from the UDAYA longitudinal survey in India, comprising 3,965 women aged 15-22. Employing Pearson's correlation coefficient, we analyzed the relationship between variables. Additionally, a two-wave cross-lagged autoregressive panel model explored the bidirectional link between IPV, depressive symptoms, and suicidal ideation. RESULTS: Approximately 25 % and 45 % of the participants reported some form of partner violence at baseline and at follow-up after three years, respectively. Exposure to IPV at baseline was significantly associated with depressive symptoms at follow-up [ß = 0.10, p < 0.001], and the association between depressive symptoms at baseline and IPV at follow-up was statistically not significant [ß = -0.02, 95 % CI: -0.06-0.02]. Similarly, exposure to IPV at baseline was significantly associated with suicidal thoughts at follow-up [ß = 0.24, p < 0.001], and the association between suicidal thoughts at baseline and IPV at follow-up was statistically not significant [ß = 0.003, 95 % CI: -0.001-006]. CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that exposure to IPV is consistently and strongly associated with depressive symptoms and suicidal thoughts in adolescent and young married women. However, the reciprocal relationships did not hold true in this study, implying that reducing IPV during adolescence could potentially minimize the prevalence of depressive symptoms and suicidal thoughts during young adulthood.

Moderating role of functional/ mobility limitations in the association between sleep problems and hypertension among middle-aged and older adults in India.

Hypertension has become a global health concern and is recognized as an important modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). There are very limited studies in India and worldwide focused on sleep problems, activities of daily living (ADL), instrumental ADL (IADL) and mobility limitations, and their discrete and combined effects on hypertension. Therefore, this study examined whether sleep problems are associated with hypertension, and whether the association is more pronounced among middle-aged and older adults with functional/mobility limitations. This study used data from the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI) wave 1, 2017-18, with a total sample of 59,951 adults aged 45 years and above. Log-binomial regression, and interaction terms were used to assess the relationship between sleep problems and hypertension, and the moderating effect of functional/mobility limitations. Respondents with sleep problems had a 29 % higher prevalence of hypertension [PR (prevalence ratio): 1.29; CI (confidence interval): 1.20-1.39]. Those with ADL and IADL limitations had 20 % [PR: 1.20; CI: 1.09-1.32] and 9 % [PR: 1.09; CI: 1.00-1.18] greater prevalence of hypertension. Interaction analysis revealed that individuals with ADL, IADL, and mobility limitations had 58 %, 52 %, and 45 % higher prevalence of hypertension, respectively, and was especially pronounced among women. Our findings highlight that improved sleep can reduce the prevalence of hypertension in middle-aged and older adults. Individuals with functional/mobility limitations may need additional care and support from their family members or the community, which could lower the prevalence of elevated blood pressure due to their sleep problems.

Decomposing the rural-urban differences in depression among multimorbid older patients in India: evidence from a cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: In India, the prevalence of depression among older adults dealing with multiple health conditions varies between rural and urban areas due to disparities in healthcare access and cultural factors. The distinct patterns observed underscore the necessity for tailored research and interventions to address mental health inequalities among multimorbid older patients in diverse geographic contexts. METHODS: This study used data from the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI) wave 1 (2017-18). A total of 7,608 adults aged ≥ 60 years who were diagnosed with two or more chronic conditions (such as hypertension, diabetes, cancer, chronic lung disease, chronic heart diseases, stroke, bone/joint disease, any neurological or psychiatric diseases, and high cholesterol) were included in this study. Descriptive statistics, bivariate analysis, logistic regression estimates, and Fairlie decomposition method were used to accomplish the study's objectives. RESULTS: The prevalence of depression among older adults with multimorbidity was 9.48% higher in rural areas (38.33%) than in urban areas (28.85%).. Older adults with multimorbidity belonging to the scheduled caste group were 40% more likely to experience depression. Moreover, those with multimorbidity and any form of disability in activities of daily living (ADL) were 93% more likely to experience depression than those without disability, whereas those with multimorbidity and perceived good general health were 65% less likely to suffer from depression than those with poor self-perceived health. Additionally, decomposition analysis revealed that education (35.99%), caste status (10.30%), IADL disability (19.30%), and perceived discrimination (24.25%) were the primary factors contributing to the differences in depression prevalence among older adults with multimorbidity between rural and urban areas. CONCLUSIONS: We found significant rural-urban differences in depression among older Indians with multimorbidity. The findings underscore the need for targeted interventions that address the unique challenges faced by older patients in rural areas, including lack of social capital, discrimination, and limited resources that enable access to healthcare services. Policymakers and healthcare professionals must collaboratively design and implement effective strategies to improve the mental health and overall well-being of rural older adults, particularly those with multiple comorbidities.

Examining the rural-urban differentials in yoga and mindfulness practices among middle-aged and older adults in India: secondary analysis of a national representative survey.

Physical activity and mental well-being play an important role in reducing the risk of various diseases and in promoting independence among older adults. Appropriate physical activity, including yoga and mindfulness practices, can help rectify the loss of independence due to aging and have a positive influence on physical health and functional activities. This study assessed rural-urban differences in yoga and mindfulness practices and their associated factors among middle-aged and older Indian adults. The total sample size considered for the current analysis was 72,250 middle-aged and older adults (aged ≥ 45 years). Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to estimate the prevalence of yoga and mindfulness practices and examine the associations of selected variables with yoga and mindfulness practices among the participants. Further, we used the Fairley decomposition technique to determine the factors contributing to rural-urban differences in the prevalence of yoga and mindfulness practices among middle-aged and older adults. More than 9% of middle-aged and older adults in rural areas and 14% in urban areas reported practicing yoga and mindfulness activities more than once per week. Adults aged ≥ 65 years were more likely to practice yoga and mindfulness activities than those who age 45-54 years were. Those with an education of ten years and above were 2.3 and 2.1 times higher likely to practice yoga in rural (AOR: 2.28; CI: 2.07-2.52) and urban (AOR: 2.13; CI: 1.91-2.37) areas compared to their uneducated peers, respectively. The largest contributors in diminishing the gap in yoga practice among participants were education (44.2%), caste (2.5%), chronic diseases such as hypertension (4.53%), diabetes (1.71%), high cholesterol (3.08%), self-reported pain (5.76%), and difficulties in instrumental activities of daily living (1.22%). The findings suggest that middle-aged and older adults in urban areas practice yoga and mindfulness activities more than their peers in rural areas do. Education level, household characteristics, and health outcomes such as chronic conditions, pain, and functional difficulties explain the observed differences in yoga and mindfulness practices across rural and urban areas. Age-appropriate healthy practices such as yoga and mindfulness should be encouraged to enhance the physical and mental well-being of middle-aged and older adults, especially in rural areas.

Zinc, Magnesium, and Copper Levels in Patients with Sickle Cell Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background Sickle cell disease (SCD) is associated with oxidative stress due to an imbalance between production and elimination of the reactive oxygen species. It has been reported that SCD patients are at risk of multiple micronutrients' deficiencies, including several trace elements involved in the antioxidation mechanisms. We aimed to assess the status of these micronutrients in SCD patients. Methods This study was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The databases of MedLine, Embase, and PsycInfo were used for the systematic search from time the databases existed until April 2021. A total of 36 studies fulfilled the eligibility criteria. We calculated the pooled standardized mean difference (SMD) of serum zinc, magnesium, or copper levels among patients with SCD and their healthy controls. Results SCD patients had significantly lower zinc (SMD = -1.27 [95% CI: 1.67-0.87, p 0.001]) and magnesium levels (SMD = -0.53 [95% CI: 1.0-0.06, p 0.026] than their controls. Copper level was found to be significantly higher in SCD patients, with SMD = 0.68 (95% CI: 0.05-1.32, p 0.004). Conclusion This review showed that SCD patients may potentially prompt to have lower zinc and magnesium levels and higher copper levels compared with those without the disease. Future research need to be directed to investigate clinical outcome of nutritional difficiencies in patients with SCD, as well as the possibility of implementing nutritional supplement programs which may help minimizing the harmful effects of the disease on human body.