ABSTRACT
Las metástasis en glándula parótida son muy poco frecuentes. Presentamos el caso de una mujer de 73 años cuyos antecedentes oncológicos principales a destacar son carcinoma ductal infiltrante de mama tratado con mastectomía y linfadenectomía axilar y, posteriormente, carcinoma de células renales de célula clara bilaterales metacrónicos tratados con nefrectomía radical. Desde entonces la mujer se encuentra en diálisis. Presenta tumoración en parótida de 4 cm, que radiológicamente es catalogada como pseudoaneurisma arterial intraparotídeo. Tras la extirpación de la parótida, seis años después de la última nefrectomía, en el estudio anatomopatológico se observa, junto a vasos dilatados, lesión neoplásica compatible morfológica e inmunohistoquímicamente con metástasis de carcinoma de células renales de célula clara. Se ha realizado una profunda revisión de la literatura encontrando menos de 60 casos descritos de metástasis parotídea de carcinoma de células renales de célula clara. Analizándolos observamos metástasis en otros lugares en el 61 % de los mismos, principalmente pulmonares, óseas y en glándulas adrenales, existiendo mayor porcentaje de segundas metástasis (70 %) cuando hay sincronía entre carcinoma renal y metástasis parotídea. En conclusión, presentamos un caso inusual de metástasis tardía de carcinoma renal de célula clara en parótida, y el primero, según nuestro conocimiento, que se diagnostica como hallazgo incidental en la extirpación de un aneurisma intraparotídeo. (AU)
Parotid gland metastases are very rare. We present the case of a 73-year-old woman whose main oncological history to highlight is infiltrating ductal carcinoma of the breast treated with mastectomy and axillary lymphadenectomy and after that. metachronous bilateral clear cell renal cell carcinoma treated with radical nephrectomy. Since then, the woman has been on dialysis. It presents a 4 cm parotid tumor, which is radiologically classified as an intraparotid arterial pseudoaneurysm. After extirpation of the parotid gland, six years after the last nephrectomy, in the pathological study, together with dilated vessels, a neoplastic lesion compatible morphologically and immunohistochemically with metastasis of clear cell renal cell carcinoma is observed. A thorough review of the literature has been carried out, finding less than 60 reported cases of parotid metastasis from clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Analyzing them, we observed metastases in other places in 61 % of them, mainly lung, bone and adrenal glands, with a higher percentage of second metastases (70 %) when there was a synchrony between renal carcinoma and parotid metastasis. In conclusion, we have presented an unusual case of late metastasis of clear cell renal carcinoma in the parotid, and the first to our knowledge, which is diagnosed as an incidental finding in the removal of an intraparotid aneurysm. (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Aged , Neoplasm Metastasis , Carcinoma, Renal Cell , Kidney Neoplasms , Aneurysm, False , Immunohistochemistry , Parotid GlandABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: some types of cancer have been associated with the presence of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of some genes that encode enzymes: glutathione-S transferase (GST), whose alteration leads to loss of function and a lower capacity to eliminate toxic GSTM1 and GSTT1 null genotypes; SNPs causing loss of function of CYP1A1 or CYP1A1-2 cytochrome P450 enzymes related with a lower capacity to deactivate hydrocarbons related to smoking, which involves a higher risk of developing some smoking-dependent cancers including larynx cancer. OBJECTIVE: to compare the presence of null SNPs in genes GSTM1, GSTT1, and CYP1A1 rs 4646903 T>C, and CYP1A1-2 RS1048943 A>G in patients with hypopharyngeal and larynx cancer with a healthy control group. MATERIALS AND METHOD: The study included a total of 80 patients with hypopharyngeal and laryngeal cancer and 23 healthy subjects. Genomic DNA was obtained from saliva samples, determining genotype GSTM1 (present +, or null -), GSTT1 (present + or null -). Polymorphisms (SNP) in CYP1A1 T>C (present + CC, or absent - TC/TT), and CYP1A1-2 A>G (present + GG, or absent - AG/AA). RESULTS: the mean age of patients with larynx cancer was 62 years and of control subjects 63 years. Of the total sample, over 95% were men, and over 90% were smokers. The presence of null genotypes for GTM1 was 50% in patients with larynx cancer (p = 0.042), while GSTT1 was 88.75% (p = 0.002). CYP1A1 rs4646903 T>C polymorphisms were detected in 100% of cases of larynx cancer and 17.39% of healthy subjects (p > 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: patients with larynx cancer present more gene GSTM1 and GSTT1 null polymorphisms, and CYP1A1 rs4646903 T>C polymorphisms.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: DNA promoter methylation is usually an early stage in carcinogenesis process, including oral cancer. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between T allele of specific single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) C>T rs 16906252 and O16-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) methylation as prospective biomarkers of malignant transformation in oral lichen planus (OLP), a chronic autoimmune mucocutaneous disease. METHODS: This research is an observational, analytical case-control study where a total of 85 subjects (43 control individuals and 42 OLP patients) participated. The samples (mouthwashes) from all volunteers were analyzed, and DNA extraction was carried out. The genotyping of the rs 16906252 SNP in the MGMT gene was performed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Statistical analyses of Student t test and multiple logistic regressions were used. RESULTS: C>T genotype in the control and OLP groups was detected in 2.3% and 19.0%, respectively. The presence of this genotype was associated with methylation of the MGMT gene. In fact, taking into account age and gender, subjects with C>T genotype were 10.5 (95% CI 1.03-106; P = 0.047) times more likely to methylate promoter region of the MGMT gene. CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that C>T allele of rs 16906252, predictor of MGMT promoter methylation status, may be an important feature in the clinical prognosis of premalignant lesions of OLP, although this finding requires further clinical and laboratory investigation.
