Subject(s)
Autoimmune Diseases/diagnosis , Nervous System Diseases/diagnosis , Sjogren's Syndrome/diagnosis , Autoimmune Diseases/complications , Chronic Disease , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Nervous System Diseases/etiology , Neurologic Examination , Recurrence , Sjogren's Syndrome/complicationsABSTRACT
The authors analyze the clinical and paraclinical manifestations of vegetative disorders in parkinsonism. It is shown that vegetative disorders are relatively independent of motor parkinsonism manifestations and run their course by the type of concomitant sympathetic and parasympathetic insufficiency. Injury to the segmental and suprasegmental mechanisms of motor control underlies vegetative disorders. The role of segmental and suprasegmental disorders in degenerative diseases of the nervous system with marked vegetative manifestations is analyzed and compared.
Subject(s)
Autonomic Nervous System Diseases/etiology , Parkinson Disease/complications , Autonomic Nervous System Diseases/diagnosis , Autonomic Nervous System Diseases/physiopathology , Humans , Parasympathetic Nervous System/physiopathology , Parkinson Disease/diagnosis , Parkinson Disease/physiopathology , Sympathetic Nervous System/physiopathologyABSTRACT
Based on clinical and CT examination of 3 patients with Shy-Drager syndrome and the reported data, differential diagnosis of the given diseases is under discussion. Shy-Drager syndrome is characterized by CT signs of progressive atrophy of the pons and cerebellum with no essential changes in the supratentorial brain structures. The authors support a proposal to use the term "multiple systemic atrophy" for designation of the disease entity that includes both Shy-Drager syndrome and sporadic patterns of olivopontocerebellar and strionigral degenerations in which the disease debuts by motor disorders of the extrapyramidal and cerebellar nature rather than by vegetative disturbances.
Subject(s)
Brain/diagnostic imaging , Shy-Drager Syndrome/diagnosis , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Brain/pathology , Diagnosis, Differential , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Shy-Drager Syndrome/pathologyABSTRACT
Quantitative estimation of the status of the autonomic nervous system is a research priority in neurology. One of the approaches to its solving lies in the use of cardiovascular tests. The authors brief the mechanisms of the tests, provide their standards. Show the characteristic patterns of the cardiovascular tests in different diseases of both organic and psychogenic nature. Taking into consideration the simplicity, accessibility, and noninvasive nature of the tests, it is recommended that the cardiovascular tests may be employed for estimating the status of the autonomic nervous system in a wide range of diseases of both neurological and somatic origin.
Subject(s)
Autonomic Nervous System Diseases/diagnosis , Autonomic Nervous System/physiopathology , Blood Vessels/innervation , Bradycardia/diagnosis , Heart/innervation , Hypotension, Orthostatic/diagnosis , Tachycardia/diagnosis , Autonomic Nervous System Diseases/physiopathology , Blood Pressure/physiology , Blood Vessels/physiopathology , Bradycardia/physiopathology , Heart/physiopathology , Heart Function Tests , Heart Rate/physiology , Humans , Hypotension, Orthostatic/physiopathology , Tachycardia/physiopathologyABSTRACT
The authors review the concept of vegetative "ganglionitis" formed in the Soviet literature in the 40-60s. Consider the etiological, clinical and diagnostic aspects thereof. Provide the modern concepts of the clinical manifestations related to the lesions of the paravertebral sympathetic ganglia. Relate some hypotheses concerning the origin of painful phenomena within the framework of the syndrome of reflex sympathetic dystrophy. Indicate that verified lesions of the sympathetic ganglia are associated with well-defined clinical symptoms which absolutely differ in their appearance from the reported descriptions of "ganglionitis", which are unjustifiedly widely used in the Soviet literature over the recent decades. The conclusion is made about the necessity of reviewing the outdated concepts of the pathology of the vegetative sympathetic ganglia from the standpoint of the modern concept of peripheral vegetative insufficiency.
Subject(s)
Ganglia, Autonomic , Neuritis , Autonomic Nervous System Diseases/classification , Autonomic Nervous System Diseases/diagnosis , Autonomic Nervous System Diseases/etiology , Humans , Neuritis/classification , Neuritis/diagnosis , Neuritis/etiology , Syndrome , Terminology as TopicABSTRACT
The authors provide the clinical and laboratory findings regarding the vegetative nervous system in 60 patients with parkinsonism and in 11 healthy volunteers. It has been found that parkinsonism is necessarily associated with vegetative disorders which are pronounced to a greater degree in right-handed patients and bilateral clinical manifestations of the syndrome.
Subject(s)
Autonomic Nervous System Diseases/etiology , Autonomic Nervous System/physiopathology , Parkinson Disease/physiopathology , Autonomic Nervous System Diseases/diagnosis , Functional Laterality/physiology , Humans , Neurologic Examination , Parkinson Disease/complicationsABSTRACT
The paper is concerned with a case of primary generalized amyloidosis characterized by the presence of a well-defined syndrome of progressive vegetative failure within the framework of neurologic complications of amyloidosis.
