Analysis of physiological markers and risk factors for the development of rhabdomyolysis in military personnel: a systematic review.

OBJECTIVES: To analyze case reports with individual patient data belonging to the Armed Forces submitted to specific physical or military combat training that was affected by rhabdomyolysis and identify factors that influenced the diagnosis and clinical evolution of the syndrome. CONTENT: We conducted a systematic review following the PRISMA guidelines and registered on PROSPERO (CRD42021242465). We searched MedLine (via PubMed), Scopus, Cochrane, Lilacs, SciELO, CINAHL, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, ScienceDirect, and PEDro databases for studies that reported cases of military personnel affected by rhabdomyolysis. SUMMARY AND OUTLOOK: Thirteen studies met the inclusion criteria. Forty-nine individual cases of rhabdomyolysis were analyzed. From them, it was possible to identify several associated factors, which were responsible for developing rhabdomyolysis in military personnel. Thirty military personnel (60%) practiced physical training and 20 (40%) practiced specific military combat training. The creatine kinase (CK) peak ranged from 1,040 to 410,755 U/L, with an average of 44.991 U/L, and 14 (28%) of the cases reported alteration of renal function and four militaries (8%) evolved to death condition. Physical activities performed strenuously and without proper planning conditions such as room temperature, the period without adequate water intake, the amount of equipment used during the activity contributed to the development of rhabdomyolysis in the cases of military personnel analyzed in the present study. Therefore, it is recommended that future studies investigate the relationship between the prevalence of rhabdomyolysis cases and the severity of its consequence when associated with progressive methods of training, hydration control, acclimatization to austere environments, monitoring for the existence of hereditary diseases, and control of the use of supplementary nutritional substances.

Effect of 6 Months of Physical Training on the Physical Fitness of Young Brazilian Army Cadets.

Following the increase in the employment of women in conflicts around the world, the federal government of Brazil enacted a law which determines the participation of women in the military. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of six months of physical training (PT) on the physical fitness of young Brazilian Army cadets to carry out the physical assessments provided in military training. Sixty-eight members of the (19.4 ± 1.0 years) military from the Brazilian Army (BA), with BMI of (23.61 ± 2.17/21.81 ± 2.26) respectively and divided in two groups (men/women) participated in the study. PT was conducted by Manual EB20-MC10.350. Anthropometric measurements and assessment of body composition by dual X-ray absorptiometry were performed. The Student's t test, percentage evolution equation, and Levene test were used. Results showedasignificant increase in anthropometric variables and cardiorespiratory fitness in both groups. Bone health variables and visceral fat presented a significant increase in the malegroup. In terms of muscle fitness handgrip and isometric strength there was no significant variation between the groups and push-up and pull-up there was significant variation between the groups. Percentage evolution was greater in female group. The conclusion shows PT was able to cause beneficial changes, promoting positive improvement in bone health, especially in women. Also, PT was shown to enhance cardiorespiratory capacity, and muscle fitness of the upper limbs in all participants.

Evaluation methods and objectives for neuromuscular and hemodynamic responses subsequent to different rest intervals in resistance training: a systematic review / Métodos de evaluación y objetivos para las respuestas neuromusculares y hemodinámicas posteriores a diferentes intervalos de descanso en el entrenamiento de resistencia: una revisión sistemática

Introduction: The training routine planned, and performed correctly results in exercises that, systematically organized,influence the levels of strength, and muscle hypertrophy. However, the magnitudes of these gains vary considerably. Tooptimize these gains, it is important to underst, and the interaction between training variables such as external load, volume,number of exercises, number of repetitions, duration of repetitions, the order of exercises, number of series, recovery intervalbetween series, and the exercises, as well as the time under tension. The influence of the recovery interval on the responsefollowing exercise on neuromuscular components is very important. However, different objectives, and instruments are usedto evaluate these responses.Objective: The purpose of this study is to conduct a systematic review of the assessment methods, and objectives for respon-ses after different recovery intervals in strength training. METHODS: The present study is characterized by a systematic reviewstudy. Articles found in the following databases were considered for the systematic review: Scopus, PubMed / MEDLINE, Webof Science, Cochrane Library. The following descriptors, and their respective synonyms according to the terms MeSH wereused in the databases, both singular, and plural: “Resistance Training”, “Rest Interval”, and “Bech Press”. As filters were used: a)species (humans), and type of study (original).Results: Seven studies were analyzed that met the established criteria.Conclusion: The studies presented have verified the influence of different recovery intervals on muscle, and hemodynamicresponses. Evaluating image measurements such as ultrasound, and resonance, blood measurements such as GH, Testosterone,IGF-1, and Lactate, number of repetitions for performance, and fatigue, as well as heart rate, and blood pressure.(AU)

Introducción: La rutina de entrenamiento planificada y realizada correctamente da como resultado ejercicios que, organizadossistemáticamente, influyen en los niveles de fuerza e hipertrofia muscular. Sin embargo, las magnitudes de estas gananciasvarían considerablemente. Para optimizar estas ganancias, es importante comprender la interacción entre las variables deentrenamiento como la carga externa, el volumen, el número de ejercicios, el número de repeticiones, la duración de lasrepeticiones, el orden de los ejercicios, el número de series, el intervalo de recuperación entre series y los ejercicios, así comoel tiempo bajo tensión. La influencia del intervalo de recuperación en la respuesta después del ejercicio en los componentesneuromusculares es muy importante. Sin embargo, se utilizan diferentes objetivos e instrumentos para evaluar estas respuestas.Objetivo: El propósito de este estudio es realizar una revisión sistemática de los métodos y objetivos de evaluación paralas respuestas posteriores a los diferentes intervalos de recuperación en el entrenamiento de fuerza. MÉTODOS: El presenteestudio se caracteriza por un estudio de revisión sistemática. Los artículos encontrados en las siguientes bases de datos seconsideraron para la revisión sistemática: Scopus, PubMed / MEDLINE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library. Los siguientes des-criptores y sus respectivos sinónimos según los términos MeSH se utilizaron en las bases de datos, tanto en singular como enplural: “Entrenamiento de resistencia”, “Intervalo de descanso” y “Bench Press”. Como filtros se utilizaron: a) especies (humanos)y tipo de estudio (original).Resultados: Se analizaron siete estudios que cumplieron con los criterios establecidos.Conclusión: Los estudios presentados han verificado la influencia de diferentes intervalos de recuperación en las respuestasmusculares y hemodinámicas. Evaluación de mediciones de imagen como ultrasonido y resonancia...(AU)

The reproducibility of the 1hz gps in the aciclic displacement with intermittent intensity / La reproducibilidad del gps de 1 hz en desplazamiento acíclico con intensidad intermitente

Objective: the aim of this study was to verify the reproducibility index of the frequency meter with GPS technology with recording speed of 1Hz in acyclic displacement and intermittent intensity, performed by soccer referees. Materials and methods: it was characterized by a field study with a quantitative trait involving 14 men, aged 20.42 ± 2.78 years, from a barracks in the city of Rio de Janeiro. Polar heart rate monitor with 1Hz GPS model V800 was used. The protocol used was adapted from the FIFA test protocol for soccer referees, so that 10 "shots" of 75m in 15s were accomplished by 25m in 20 of recovery. Testing and retest were applied with 7 days interval and identical protocols: heating, ambiance (4 "shots" following the model of the protocol above) and then the test. Since the circuit covered in the test protocol was 1000 m. Results: a mean of 1002.5 ± 17.12 m was obtained in the test and in the test 1010.83 ± 32.88 m, the coefficients of variation were respectively 1% and 3%. The difference was not significant between the test and the retest (P-value> 0.05), and the intraclass correlation coefficient indicated a moderate association between the measures. Conclusion: therefore, it is suggested that it is acceptable to use a frequency gauge with a recording speed of 1Hz to monitor displacements of soccer referees in acyclic displacement and intermittent intensity..Au

Objetivo: el objetivo de este estudio fue verificar el índice de reproducibilidad del medidor de frecuencia con tecnología GPS con velocidad de grabación de 1Hz en desplazamiento acíclico e intensidad intermitente, realizado por árbitros de fútbol. Materiales y métodos: se caracterizó por un estudio de campo con un rasgo cuantitativo que involucró a 14 hombres, de 20.42 ± 2.78 años, de un cuartel en la ciudad de Río de Janeiro. Se utilizó un monitor de frecuencia cardíaca polar con GPS 1Hz modelo V800. El protocolo utilizado fue adaptado del protocolo de prueba de la FIFA para los árbitros de fútbol, de modo que se lograron 10 "tiros" de 75 m en 15 segundos por 25 m en 20 de recuperación. La prueba y la nueva prueba se aplicaron con un intervalo de 7 días y protocolos idénticos: calentamiento, ambiente (4 "disparos" siguiendo el modelo del protocolo anterior) y luego la prueba. Dado que el circuito cubierto en el protocolo de prueba fue de 1000 m. Resultados: se obtuvo una media de 1002.5 ± 17.12 m en la prueba y en la prueba 1010.83 ± 32.88 m, los coeficientes de variación fueron respectivamente 1% y 3%. La diferencia no fue significativa entre la prueba y la nueva prueba (valor P> 0.05), y el coeficiente de correlación intraclase indicó una asociación moderada entre las medidas. Conclusión: por lo tanto, se sugiere que sea aceptable usar un medidor de frecuencia con una velocidad de grabación de 1Hz para monitorear los desplazamientos de los árbitros de fútbol en desplazamiento acíclico e intensidad intermitente..Au

Pain perception and low back pain functional disability after a 10-week core and mobility training program: A pilot study.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a 10-week core and mobility training program on pain perception and low back disability score in professors, students and employees of a university. METHODS: Twenty-four individuals of a university who previously reported pain and low back disability were randomly assigned to an experimental group (EG; n= 8) that received 2 weekly sessions of 50 minutes of core and mobility training for 10 weeks; or to a control group (CG; n= 16). Both groups received a guideline to adopt ergonomic postures during work and activities of daily living. The visual analog pain scale (VAS) and the Roland-Morris questionnaire (RMQ) were applied pre- and post intervention. RESULTS: Significant reductions in the pain intensity perception (p= 0.014) and low back functional disability (p= 0.011) were noted in the EG pre- and post measures. However, no significant difference was observed in the CG. Thus, there was a significant difference between the EG and the CG in the post-intervention measures (p= 0.001). CONCLUSION: Core and mobility training and home-ergonomic instructions were effective to reduce the pain intensity perception and low back functional disability in the EG.