ABSTRACT
The sonographic features of three cases of extrauterine, intra-abdominal pregnancy are presented in conjunction with a brief review of the clinical and radiographic features of the condition. Based on our experience and a review of the literature, we found that the major criteria for the sonographic diagnosis of extrauterine, intra-abdominal pregnancy include: 1) demonstration of a fetus in a gestational sac outside the uterus, or the depiction of an abdominal or pelvic mass identifiable as the uterus separate from the fetus; 2) failure to see a uterine wall between the fetus and urinary bladder; 3) recognition of a close approximation of the fetus to the material abdominal wall; and 4) localization of the placenta outside the confines of the uterine cavity.
Subject(s)
Pregnancy, Abdominal/diagnosis , Ultrasonography , Adult , Female , Humans , PregnancyABSTRACT
The sonographic features of carcinoma of the gallbladder are reviewed. Four cases of carcinoma of the gallbladder are presented which illustrate some, but not all, of the sonographic findings resulting from this abnormality. The findings illustrated are (a) a small gallbladder containing stones associated with a mass in the porta hepatis, (b) diffuse gallbladder thickening, fixation, and irregularity, (c) a papillary mass with an irregular border projecting from the gallbladder wall, and (d) a small, localized area of gallbladder wall thickening associated with cholelithiasis. Although inflammatory disease of the gallbladder can present similar sonographic findings, the correlation of the clinical findings and close inspection of the sonographic changes illustrated and described in this publication may allow the only means of a preoperative diagnosis of carcinoma of the gallbladder.
Subject(s)
Adenocarcinoma, Papillary/diagnosis , Adenocarcinoma/diagnosis , Gallbladder Neoplasms/diagnosis , Ultrasonography , Adenocarcinoma/surgery , Adenocarcinoma, Papillary/surgery , Animals , Chick Embryo , Female , Gallbladder Neoplasms/surgery , Humans , MaleABSTRACT
The relevant findings in 11 cases of per catheter control of haemorrhage from different sites in the large and small bowel are presented together with a description of the techniques and some of the possible complications of vasopressin infusion and gelfoam embolisation. In six of these cases vasopressin infusion was sus achieved by embolisation, three following the failure of vasopressin therapy. In one case embolisation of the ileo-colic artery produced a caecal infarct. Important differences in the vascular supply to the large and small bowel and their practical significance in embolisation are discussed.
Subject(s)
Embolization, Therapeutic , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/therapy , Mesenteric Arteries , Vasopressins/therapeutic use , Adult , Aged , Female , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/diagnostic imaging , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/drug therapy , Gelatin Sponge, Absorbable , Humans , Infusions, Intra-Arterial , Male , Mesenteric Arteries/diagnostic imaging , Middle Aged , Radiography , Vasopressins/administration & dosageABSTRACT
Aorto-iliac aneurysms may entrap the ureters in perianeurysmal fibrosis, causing medical ureteral deviation and/or obstruction. The latter has been described only in male patients; a further 5 cases due to iliac and 3 to aortic aneurysm are reported. The radiologic picture resembles retroperitoneal fibrosis; the correct diagnosis may be suggested when ureteral tethering or narrowing lies near arterial calcification. Sonography is usually the most appropriate investigation to confirm the diagnosis. When sonography shows an aortic aneurysm, the kidneys should be scanned to rule out hydronephrosis. Similarly, films of the kidneys should be obtained when an abdominal aneurysm is demonstrated by aortography.
