ABSTRACT
Situs inversus totalis (SIT), affecting 1 in 6,000 to 10,000 individuals, involves a complete reversal of chest and abdominal organs. About one-third of SIT cases coincide with primary ciliary dyskinesia, leading to diverse symptoms. Surgical challenges arise in procedures like liver transplantation and biliary interventions due to organ abnormalities. This case study explores cholecystitis in a patient with SIT, offering insights crucial for navigating complexities in treating this congenital anomaly. A 34-year-old Arab female, who was a known SIT case, came to the hospital complaining of abdominal pain in the left upper quadrant. After conducting a chest X-ray and an abdominal ultrasound, the patient was diagnosed with cholecystitis. She then underwent a planned cholecystectomy to remove her gallbladder. SIT presents challenges when it comes to procedures such as laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). Nevertheless, the proficiency of skilled surgeons, meticulous preoperative planning, and strict adherence to surgical principles render the execution of LC on patients with SIT both achievable and secure. The successful completion of over 120 cases serves as evidence of the adaptability and precision that can be achieved through surgery for individuals with SIT.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Peliosis is a rare condition with anatomopathological characteristics that affect the liver. However, splenic peliosis is even more unique and rare. Patients with such abnormality usually exhibit no symptoms. Moreover, this is a lethal condition due to the high probability of splenic rupture accompanied by shock. CASE PRESENTATION: We present a case of a 29-year-old Arab female who was admitted to the hospital with severe upper abdominal pain that started 1 week from the date of admission, associated with nausea, anorexia, low-grade fever, and vomiting, with no past medical history or comorbidities. A computerized tomography scan with contrast showed intraperitoneal free fluid along with multiple hypodense splenic cysts. Hence, an emergent exploratory laparotomy with splenectomy was performed. Splenic peliosis was confirmed by the histopathological examination. CONCLUSION: Further investigations are warranted if peliosis is confirmed in one organ, for example, the liver, to detect its presence in any other potential organs that can be affected by peliosis. Splenic peliosis is extraordinarily rare. Furthermore, such a disease has no established management plan. Definitive treatment is surgical. Many aspects of splenic peliosis remain puzzling requiring more research in the near future.
Subject(s)
Splenic Diseases , Humans , Female , Adult , Splenic Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Splenic Diseases/surgery , Liver , Abdominal Pain/etiology , ArabsABSTRACT
Neuro-developmental delay (NDD) is when a child's reflexes and nervous system are underdeveloped or immature at a given stage of child development. Neurodevelopmental delays account for delayed skill development surrounding speech, social, emotional, behavioral, motor, and cognitive delays. NDD might affect the child's psychological and physical well-being, resulting in chronic disease and disabilities throughout adulthood. This review sought to investigate the implication of early diagnosis and intervention of NDD in children. In this regard, this research opted for a systematic meta-analysis that used keywords and Boolean operators to search through main databases, including the Web of Science, JStor, PsychINFO, Science Direct, Cochrane, Scopus, and ASSIA. The result identified that telehealth interventions improved the management of NDD in children. Also, the Early Start Denver Model (ESDM) model was determined to improve the quality of life for NDD children. Another model was LEAP (Learning Experience and Alternative Program for Preschoolers and Their Parents) and Leap (Learning, engaging, and Playing), which improved behavioral, education, and social interventions in NDD children. The study identified that technology could revolutionize NDD interventions in children, possibly improving the quality of life. The parent-children relationship was shown to enhance the management of this condition; thus, it is recommended as one of the best ways to intervene in the management of NDD. Most importantly, the integration of machine learning algorithms and technology can create models; while this may not be significant in the treatment of childhood NDD but instead might be ideal in improving the quality of life for NDD children. Moreover, their social and communication skills along with academic achievements will improve. The study proposes further research in order to understand the different types of NDDs and their intervention strategies to help the researchers identify the most accurate models to improve the conditions and support the parents and guardians in the management.
ABSTRACT
In 2017, the Jordanian Ministry of Health reported that gastric cancer was one of Jordan's most diagnosed cancers. Gastric cancer is often linked to Helicobacter pylori, one of the foremost risk factors. Despite the high prevalence of H. pylori in Jordan, no information is available regarding the general population's awareness of the harmful effects of this pathogen. The study aims to assess the knowledge and the impact of the source of knowledge on H. pylori among the general population in Jordan. A cross-sectional study involving 933 participants was conducted between May and July of 2021. After meeting the inclusion criteria and consenting to participate in this study, participants completed the questionnaire. An interview-based questionnaire covered the following sections: sociodemographic data and knowledge related to H. pylori infection. 63% of the participants had a high level of education, 70.5% got their information about H. pylori infection from non-medical sources, and 68.7% had a low level of knowledge. Working in the medical field, attaining information from medical resources, and having a history of self-reported or family member of H. pylori infection showed a significant association with a high level of knowledge. The Mann-Whitney U test showed that the mean ranks of all knowledge items in the medical source group significantly exceed those of the non-medical source group (p-values < 0.05). In Jordan, the awareness of H. pylori was unsatisfying, like in other countries. Nevertheless, misconceptions in knowledge about H. pylori were identified and further awareness must be spread and advocated. Close observation of the non-medical sources of information is essential for delivering sufficient amount of knowledge to the general population.
