ABSTRACT
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a hormonal disorder affecting millions of women worldwide, characterized by symptoms such as irregular menstrual cycles, weight gain, acne, and excess hair growth. PCOS is linked to higher levels of gremlin-1, a protein involved in ovarian follicle development, which may cause insulin resistance and metabolic abnormalities. The objective is to evaluate the effects of metformin treatment on gremlin-1 levels in patients with PCOS. Sixty patients diagnosed with PCOs based on the Rotterdam criteria were selected as the PCOS group, while 30 healthy women matched for age were selected as the control group. The patients took metformin 850 mg twice daily and provided fasting blood samples before and after treatment. Data was collected through a questionnaire, direct interviewing, ultrasound examination, and laboratory examination, and analyzed using SPSS for Windows 7. The study found that PCOS patients had increased levels of gremlin compared to the control group. Additionally, PCOS patients had increased levels of blood glucose, insulin, and HOMA-IR. After taking metformin, patients showed a significant decrease in gremlin concentration. Treatment with metformin also resulted in a decrease in body mass index, blood glucose, insulin, and HOMA-IR. Metformin decrease gremlin and insulin resistance in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome.
