ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the prevalence of stroke among chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients in Taif, Saudi Arabia. METHODS: A multicentric retrospective study was carried out from May 2021 to August 2022 on 4 dialysis centers in Taif, Saudi Arabia. With a total of 1857 CKD patients (aged ≥18 years old) participated in this study. Data were collected by reviewing patients' files. RESULTS: Approximately 98.3% of the participants had severely decreased glomerular filtration rate. Approximately 49.1% of them were on dialysis; the majority of them (87.2%) underwent hemodialysis. The prevalence of stroke in these CKD patients was 8.3%. Ischemic stroke was the most frequently reported issue (81.2%). Ischemic stroke was comparatively more frequently observed in peritoneal dialysis patients (12.1%); whereas hemorrhagic stroke was more on hemodialysis patients with statistically significant association (p=0.029). However, there was no significant association between the prevalence of stroke and stages of CKD. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of stroke in our cohort was 8.3%, and the majority of cases were ischemic strokes. Furthermore, ischemic strokes were more frequent in peritoneal dialysis patients, whereas hemorrhagic strokes occurred more frequently in hemodialysis patients with a statistically significant association.
Subject(s)
Ischemic Stroke , Kidney Failure, Chronic , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic , Stroke , Humans , Adolescent , Adult , Retrospective Studies , Saudi Arabia/epidemiology , Prevalence , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/complications , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/epidemiology , Stroke/complications , Stroke/epidemiology , Renal Dialysis , Ischemic Stroke/complications , Kidney Failure, Chronic/complications , Kidney Failure, Chronic/epidemiology , Kidney Failure, Chronic/therapy , Glomerular Filtration RateABSTRACT
Background and Aim: Renal stones are the most common urological disorder resulting in different marked morbidities with different risk factors. This study aimed to assess the perceptions of the general population regarding dietary factors in promoting and preventing nephrolithiasis in the Taif region. Methods: We carried out this cross-sectional study during a period of 4 months. All Taif city population who were ≥18 years old were included in the study regardless of their gender and history of urolithiasis. Participants were excluded if they were <18 years of age, not Taif city residents, and whose primary language was not Arabic. Data were analyzed using SPSS ver. 23. Results: It was found that 68.4% of the participants had poor knowledge of dietary risk factors. Further, 86.4% of the participants thought that their diet could affect the risk of kidney stone formation, and 88.6% believed that water can decrease the risk of kidney stone formation. In addition, 54.5% and 66.3% knew that increased consumption of meat and smoking can increase the risk of kidney stone formation. Conclusion: The knowledge regarding specific dietary risk factors promoting and preventing kidney stones formation was poor among the Taif city population.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: To assess the prevalence of anosmia in coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) patients. Coronavirus-19-related anosmia and hyposmia is a new emerging concept in the medical literature. METHODS: A retrospective study on COVID-19 patients with anosmia and hyposmia was performed during the period between May-July, 2020. The inclusion criteria were all clinically stable COVID-19 patients less than 15 years old with positive reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Patients who refused to participate or leave incomplete questions were excluded. In this study, we investigated 1022 patients who met our criteria. RESULTS: Olfactory dysfunction (OD) was reported by 53% of our COVID-19 patients, of which 32.7% were anosmic and 20.3% were hyposmic. Other neurological symptoms included ageusia (51.4%), fatigue (63%), myalgia (59.2%), and headache (50.9%), all of which showed significant association with OD. In addition, anosmia had a significant association with young age and female gender. However, there was no association between OD and pre-existing neurological disease. CONCLUSION: Half of our COVID-19 patients presented OD (anosmia/hyposmia), which often associated with ageusia and many neurological symptoms.
