Digestion of whey peptide induces antioxidant and anti-inflammatory bioactivity on glial cells: Sequences identification and structural activity analysis.

Whey derived peptides have shown potential activity improving brain function in pathological condition. However, there is little information about their mechanism of action on glial cells, which have important immune functions in brain. Astrocytes and microglia are essential in inflammatory and oxidative defense that take place in neurodegenerative disease. In this work we evaluate antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential bioactivity of whey peptide in glial cells. Peptides were formed during simulated gastrointestinal digestion (Infogest protocol), and low molecular weight (<5kDA) peptides (WPHf) attenuated reactive oxygen species (ROS) production induced by hydrogen peroxide stimulus in both cells in dose-dependent manner. WPHf induced an increase in the antioxidant glutathione (GSH) content and prevented GSH reduction induced by lipopolysaccharides (LPS) stimulus in astrocytes cells in a cell specific form. An increase in cytokine mRNA expression (TNFα and IL6) and nitric oxide secretion induced by LPS was attenuated by WPHf pre-treatment in both cells. The inflammatory pathway was dependent on NFκB activation. Bioactive peptide ranking analysis showed positive correlation with hydrophobicity and negative correlation with high molecular weights. The sequence identification revealed 19 peptides cross-referred with bioactive database. Whey peptides were rich in leucine, valine and tyrosine in the C-terminal region and lysine in the N-terminal region. The anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential of whey peptides were assessed in glia cells and its mechanisms of action were related, such as modulation of antioxidant enzymes and anti-inflammatory pathways. Features of the peptide structure, such as molecular size, hydrophobicity and types of amino acids present in the terminal region are associated to bioactivity.

Trans men and paternal pregnancy: experiences during the pregnancy-puerperal period. / Homem trans e gestação paterna: experiências durante o período gravídico-puerperal.

This study aims to analyze the experiences of a transgender man during the gestational-puerperal period and the perspective of obstetric nurses in training based on the dynamics and organization of obstetric healthcare in a hospital setting. This qualitative study is based on a case study approach, employing interviews and direct observations to collect data. The analysis was based on the theoretical and normative framework of the Nursing Process, the Theory of Caring, and the theoretical/critical perspective of transfeminism. The results are organized into six categories: Transgender man in the context of pregnancy, childbirth, and postpartum; partnership and parental dimensions; dilemmas faced by the pregnant couple; impressions recorded by the nursing professional; understanding of the case through a theoretical and epistemological lens; implications for healthcare professionals. We underscore the need to promote spaces for continuing education among healthcare professionals and to reformulate legislation in a way that enables the development of public policies based on respect for diversity and equitable care, recognizing the transgender population's specificities in the contexts of pregnancy, childbirth, and postpartum.

Este estudo objetiva analisar as experiências de um homem trans durante o período gravídico-puerperal e a perspectiva de enfermeiras obstetras em formação, a partir das dinâmicas e da organização dos cuidados de saúde obstétricos em ambiente hospitalar. Trata-se de um estudo de abordagem qualitativa, baseado em estudo de caso, em que utilizou entrevistas e observações diretas para a coleta das informações. A análise foi feita a partir do marco teórico e normativo do Processo de Enfermagem, da Teoria dos Cuidados e da perspectiva teórico/crítica do transfeminismo. Os resultados estão organizados em seis categorias: Homem trans em contexto de gestação, parto e puerpério; parceria e dimensões parentais; dilemas enfrentados pelo casal grávido; impressões registradas pela profissional de enfermagem; compreensão do caso sob a lente teórica e epistemológica; implicações para os profissionais da saúde. Destaca-se a necessidade de promover espaços de educação permanente junto aos profissionais da saúde e reformular legislações de maneira a viabilizar a elaboração de políticas públicas baseada no respeito à diversidade e cuidado equânime, reconhecendo as especificidades da população trans nos contextos da gestação, parto e puerpério.

Exploring self-care practices and health beliefs among men in the context of emerging infectious diseases: Lessons from the Mpox pandemic in Brazil.

Our goal was to explore self-care practices among men who have sex with men in the context of Mpox in Brazil. This study used qualitative research methods, including interviews and thematic analysis, to collect and analyze data from male participants across the Brazilian territory. The narratives unveil men's perspectives on self-care, risk reduction, and health beliefs during the Mpox pandemic. Our findings highlight a multifaceted approach to self-care among men, encompassing hygiene, physical contact management, mask usage, skin lesion vigilance, and adherence to official guidelines. Men's attitudes toward sexual behaviors emphasize the importance of reducing sexual partners, practicing safe sex, and combating misinformation through accurate information dissemination. The development of these behaviors and self-care practices can be facilitated by nurses guided by Dorothea Orem's Self-Care Theory, supported by patient-centered care, with strategies to address and confront the stigma associated with the disease and provide emotional support. Thus, the study underscores the pivotal role of self-care in mitigating infection risks, especially in the context of emerging infectious diseases. It acknowledges the impact of socio-cultural factors and healthcare policies on men's preventive measures. However, it also recognizes limitations, such as potential bias due to stigma concerns and a nonrepresentative sample. Ultimately, the research advocates for tailored education, promotion of gender equity, and healthcare empowerment to effectively manage health risks in such contexts.

Homem trans e gestação paterna: experiências durante o período gravídico-puerperal / Trans men and paternal pregnancy: experiences during the pregnancy-puerperal period

Resumo Este estudo objetiva analisar as experiências de um homem trans durante o período gravídico-puerperal e a perspectiva de enfermeiras obstetras em formação, a partir das dinâmicas e da organização dos cuidados de saúde obstétricos em ambiente hospitalar. Trata-se de um estudo de abordagem qualitativa, baseado em estudo de caso, em que utilizou entrevistas e observações diretas para a coleta das informações. A análise foi feita a partir do marco teórico e normativo do Processo de Enfermagem, da Teoria dos Cuidados e da perspectiva teórico/crítica do transfeminismo. Os resultados estão organizados em seis categorias: Homem trans em contexto de gestação, parto e puerpério; parceria e dimensões parentais; dilemas enfrentados pelo casal grávido; impressões registradas pela profissional de enfermagem; compreensão do caso sob a lente teórica e epistemológica; implicações para os profissionais da saúde. Destaca-se a necessidade de promover espaços de educação permanente junto aos profissionais da saúde e reformular legislações de maneira a viabilizar a elaboração de políticas públicas baseada no respeito à diversidade e cuidado equânime, reconhecendo as especificidades da população trans nos contextos da gestação, parto e puerpério.

Abstract This study aims to analyze the experiences of a transgender man during the gestational-puerperal period and the perspective of obstetric nurses in training based on the dynamics and organization of obstetric healthcare in a hospital setting. This qualitative study is based on a case study approach, employing interviews and direct observations to collect data. The analysis was based on the theoretical and normative framework of the Nursing Process, the Theory of Caring, and the theoretical/critical perspective of transfeminism. The results are organized into six categories: Transgender man in the context of pregnancy, childbirth, and postpartum; partnership and parental dimensions; dilemmas faced by the pregnant couple; impressions recorded by the nursing professional; understanding of the case through a theoretical and epistemological lens; implications for healthcare professionals. We underscore the need to promote spaces for continuing education among healthcare professionals and to reformulate legislation in a way that enables the development of public policies based on respect for diversity and equitable care, recognizing the transgender population's specificities in the contexts of pregnancy, childbirth, and postpartum.

Professional autonomy in dealing with complications: discourse of obstetric nurses working in planned home births.

OBJECTIVE: to understand the exercise of professional autonomy by obstetric nurses in dealing with complications in planned home births. METHODS: this is a qualitative study, supported by the Discourse of the Collective Subject methodological framework, whose data collection took place from January to March 2021, through interviews guided by a semi-structured script, in which seven midwives who are members of a childbirth care collective in northeastern Brazil and who work in the home context participated. RESULTS: four central ideas emerged from the collective discourses related to the exercise of professional autonomy by obstetric nurses: shared decisions; theoretical-practical instrumentalization; professional expertise; and teamwork. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: obstetric nurses' autonomy in the face of complications reflects the safety of planned home births and is based on collective critical thinking, reinforcing this professional' leading role in obstetrics.

Tissue response to different incision tools in animal model.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to compare the repair of incisions performed with microdissection electrocautery tip, conventional electrocautery tip, high potency diode laser, and conventional scalpel blade in a in vivo model. METHODS: Different incisions were performed in adults Holtzman rats using the four types of instruments: microdissection electrocautery tip, conventional electrocautery tip, high potency diode laser, and conventional scalpel blade, in different periods of healing process. Thirty rats were divided into 5 groups, according to the period of euthanasia-24 h, 48 h, 72 h, 7 days, and 14 days. All animals received four incisions, each by a different method. Quantitative histological and histomorphometric analyses were performed using hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and Picrosirius Red staining. RESULTS: Inflammatory profile and tissue repair presented small statistically significance differences comparing conventional scalpel blade and microdissection tip; moreover, both presented quantitatively superior to the others. CONCLUSION: It is believed that the microdissection tip can perform a dynamic incision just as a common scalpel blade, but more effective. Furthermore, it can promote a better hemostatic control of the surgical field that is comparable to conventional electrocautery tip without affecting tissue repair.

Professional autonomy in dealing with complications: discourse of obstetric nurses working in planned home births / Autonomía profesional en el enfrentamiento de las complicaciones: discurso de enfermeros obstetras que actúan en partos domiciliarios planificados / Autonomia profissional na condução de intercorrências: discurso de enfermeiras obstétricas atuantes em parto domiciliar planejado

ABSTRACT Objective: to understand the exercise of professional autonomy by obstetric nurses in dealing with complications in planned home births. Methods: this is a qualitative study, supported by the Discourse of the Collective Subject methodological framework, whose data collection took place from January to March 2021, through interviews guided by a semi-structured script, in which seven midwives who are members of a childbirth care collective in northeastern Brazil and who work in the home context participated. Results: four central ideas emerged from the collective discourses related to the exercise of professional autonomy by obstetric nurses: shared decisions; theoretical-practical instrumentalization; professional expertise; and teamwork. Final considerations: obstetric nurses' autonomy in the face of complications reflects the safety of planned home births and is based on collective critical thinking, reinforcing this professional' leading role in obstetrics.

RESUMEN Objetivo: comprender el ejercicio de la autonomía profesional de las matronas en el manejo de las complicaciones en los partos domiciliarios planificados. Métodos: se trata de un estudio cualitativo, sustentado en el marco metodológico del Discurso del Sujeto Colectivo, cuya recolección de datos ocurrió de enero a marzo de 2021, a través de entrevistas guiadas por un guión semiestructurado, en el que participaron siete parteras integrantes de un colectivo de atención al parto en el Nordeste de Brasil y que actúan en el contexto domiciliario. Resultados: surgieron cuatro ideas centrales de los discursos colectivos relacionados con el ejercicio de la autonomía profesional de las matronas: decisiones compartidas; instrumentalización teórico-práctica; experiencia profesional; y trabajo en equipo Consideraciones finales: la autonomía de las enfermeras obstétricas frente a las complicaciones refleja la seguridad de los partos domiciliarios planificados y se basa en el pensamiento crítico colectivo, reforzando el papel de este profesional en obstetricia.

RESUMO Objetivo: compreender o exercício da autonomia profissional de enfermeiras obstétricas na condução de intercorrências em parto domiciliar planejado. Métodos: trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, amparado no referencial metodológico do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo, cuja coleta de dados se deu no período de janeiro a março de 2021, por meio de entrevistas guiadas por roteiro semiestruturado, das quais participaram sete enfermeiras obstétricas integrantes em um coletivo de assistência ao parto do Nordeste do Brasil e que atuam no contexto domiciliar. Resultados: emergiram dos discursos coletivos quatro ideias centrais relacionadas ao exercício da autonomia profissional de enfermeiras obstétricas: decisões compartilhadas; instrumentalização teórico-prática; expertise profissional; e trabalho em equipe. Considerações finais: a autonomia das enfermeiras obstétricas diante das intercorrências reflete a segurança do parto domiciliar planejado e está pautada no pensamento crítico coletivo, reforçando o protagonismo desta profissional na atuação em obstetrícia.

Enfrentamento da violência contra a mulher: a atuação de coletivo de mulheres / Afrontando la violencia contra las mujeres: el trabajo de un colectivo de mujeres / Confronting violence against women: the work of a women's collective

Objetivo: descrever a atuação do Coletivo de Mulheres do Calafate para o enfrentamento da Violência Contra a Mulher. Método: estudo qualitativo, descritivo, realizado em Salvador, Bahia, Brasil, entre setembro e novembro de 2020. Compôs a pesquisa os relatos de nove mulheres que possuem ou possuíram vínculo institucional com o referido coletivo, sendo fundamentado na História Oral Temática, utilizando-se o meio digital para assinatura do TCLE e entrevista. Resultados: a atuação do Coletivo para o enfrentamento da violência contra a mulher inclui estratégias no âmbito da comunidade, emergindo assim as categorias: espaço para escuta às mulheres; espaço para compartilhar vivências de mulheres; espaço para articulação com os serviços de referência; e espaço para encaminhamento e/ou acompanhamento de mulheres nos serviços. Considerações Finais: o Coletivo promoveu ações de enfrentamento da violência contra a mulher, sinalizando a importância de organizações sociais feministas enquanto cenário de referência na comunidade.

Objetivo: describir el trabajo del Colectivo de Mujeres de Calafate en el afrontamiento a la violencia contra las mujeres. Método: Estudio cualitativo y descriptivo realizado en Salvador, Bahía, Brasil, entre septiembre y noviembre de 2020. La investigación se basó en los relatos de nueve mujeres que tienen o han tenido vínculos institucionales con el mencionado colectivo, a partir de la Historia Oral Temática, utilizando medios digitales para firmar el ICF y la entrevista. Resultados: el trabajo del Colectivo para afrontar la violencia contra las mujeres incluye estrategias dentro de la comunidad, y surgieron las siguientes categorías: espacio para escuchar a las mujeres; espacio para compartir las experiencias de las mujeres; espacio de enlace con los servicios de derivación; y espacio para derivar y/o acompañar a las mujeres a los servicios. Consideraciones finales: el Colectivo promovió acciones para afrontar la violencia contra las mujeres, lo que señala la importancia de las organizaciones sociales feministas como escenario de referencia en la comunidad.

Objective: to describe the work of the Calafate Women's Collective to confront violence against women. Method: a qualitative, descriptive study carried out in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, between September and November 2020. The research included the reports of nine women who have or have had an institutional link with the aforementioned collective, based on Thematic Oral History, using the digital media for signing the informed consent form and interviews. Results: The Collective's work to confront violence against women includes strategies within the community, thus emerging the categories: space for listening to women; space for sharing women's experiences; space for liaison with referral services; and space for referral and/or accompaniment of women to services. Final considerations: the Collective promoted actions to confront violence against women, signaling the importance of feminist social organizations as a reference point in the community.

Sociohistorical Analysis of Normative Standards of Masculinity in the Pandemic of COVID-19: Impacts on Men's Health/Mental Health.

Objective: This study aims to analyze sociohistorically how the normative patterns of hegemonic masculinity produced impacts on men's health/mental health in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A qualitative study from a socio-historical perspective was conducted with 50 men based on an online survey. A semistructured form was applied. The data were analyzed by the Collective Subject Discourse method, interpreted in the light of the context of epidemic disease and hegemonic masculinity. Results: The experience of the pandemic exposed the normative patterns of masculinities from the consummation of acts representative of the pandemic context, which incited men to deny the existence of COVID-19 disease and to delay the understanding and adoption of measures to protect and control COVID-19. As a repercussion, men presented conflicts in the regulation of emotions; presented emotional suppression; were more reactive; felt threatened regarding the loss of the role of family provider, virility; and revealed a sense of invulnerability, added to the weakening of self-care. Conclusion: The discourse revealed that the men's behaviors are consistent with the characteristics of hegemonic masculinity, but express signs of recognition that this behavior causes harm to themselves and their health.

Permanência de mulheres em relacionamentos violentos: desvelando o cotidiano conjugal / Women's permanence in relationships marked by violence: unveiling marital everyday life / Mujeres que permanecen en relaciones marcadas por la violencia: revelación de la vida diaria conyugal

RESUMO Objetivo: desvelar a permanência de mulheres em um cotidiano conjugal violento. Método: estudo qualitativo, fundamentado no método da História Oral, realizado com 29 mulheres vítimas de violência conjugal acompanhadas por uma Vara de Violência Doméstica e Familiar contra a Mulher de Salvador, Bahia, Brasil. Os dados foram coletados entre setembro e dezembro de 2020 por meio de entrevistas individuais e analisados à luz da Teoria do Cotidiano. Resultados: a história oral das mulheres aponta para a não percepção da situação de abuso no início da relação, revela a crença na possibilidade de controlar os episódios de violência e o comprometimento da saúde psicoemocional. Soma-se a isso a expectativa pela mudança de postura do parceiro no cotidiano conjugal. Conclusão: as narrativas desvelam a complexidade envolvida na repetição da vida cotidiana, o que faz com que muitas mulheres, mesmo já se reconhecendo em vivência de violência, não consigam romper o relacionamento.

ABSTRACT Objective: to unveil the reasons why women stay in marital relationships marked by violence. Method: a qualitative study, grounded on the Oral History method, carried out with 29 women victims of marital violence monitored by a Court of Domestic and Family Violence against Women in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. The data were collected between September and December 2020 through individual interviews and analyzed in the light of the Theory of Everyday Life. Results: the women's Oral History points to non-perception of the abuse situation at the beginning of the relationship and reveals the belief in the possibility of controlling the episodes of violence and the impairment of psycho-emotional health. The expectation that the partner will change his position in marital everyday life is added to this. Conclusion: the narratives unveil the complexity involved in the repetition of everyday life, which means that many women, even though they already recognize themselves as experiencing violence, are unable to break the relationship.

RESUMEN Objetivo: revelar los motivos por los cuales las mujeres permanecen en situaciones de vida diaria conyugal marcadas por la violencia. Método: estudio cualitativo, fundamentado en el método de la Historia Oral y realizado con 29 mujeres víctimas de violencia conyugal con causas a cargo de un Juzgado de Violencia Doméstica y Familiar contra la Mujer en Salvador, Bahía, Brasil. Los datos se recolectaron entre septiembre y diciembre de 2020 por medio de entrevistas individuales y se los analizó a la luz de la Teoría de la Vida Cotidiana. Resultados: la historia oral de las mujeres apunta a la no percepción de la situación de abuso al inicio de la relación y revela que creen en la posibilidad de controlar los episodios de violencia y el deterioro de la salud psicoemocional. A lo anterior se suma la expectativa de que la pareja cambie de postura en la vida diaria conyugal. Conclusión: los relatos revelan la complejidad involucrada en la repetición de lo cotidiano, lo que hace que muchas mujeres, aunque ya se reconozcan como víctimas de violencia, sean incapaces de desvincularse de la relación.

Congenital sebaceous choristoma of the tongue: A rare case report.

The most common oral choristomas are consisted of thyroid tissue and bone. The presence of sebaceous glands in the oral mucosa, especially in the buccal mucosa and labial mucosa, is often considered a normal anatomical variation since they are observed in about 80% of the population and are called ectopic sebaceous glands or Fordyce's granules. However, the presence of these glands on the tongue is rare, with only 11 cases in the dorsum of the tongue reported in the English literature, and it is considered a choristoma. This paper aims to report the third case in the literature of a congenital sebaceous choristoma on the tongue. An 11-year-old white male patient presented a firm sessile papule, without color alteration, measuring 0.4 cm x 0.3 cm in diameter, in the middle third of the dorsum of the tongue with a slight increased size in the last months. Histopathological examination showed an invagination of the epithelium into the connective tissue, forming a ductal structure covered by stratified squamous epithelium. The deeper areas had normal well-differentiated sebaceous glands, with ducts connected to the central duct. Considering clinical and histopathological findings the diagnosis was sebaceous choristoma. Despite being rare, sebaceous choristomas should also be considered in the differential diagnosis of tongue abnormalities or lesions. Although the pathogenesis is not well understood, the present report, as a congenital choristoma case in the midline, reinforces the hypothesis of a disorder with embryological origin and a possible relationship with thyroglossal duct remnants. Key words:Choristoma, Oral Mucosa, Tongue.

Knowledge, attitudes and practices related to sexually transmitted infections of men in prison.

OBJECTIVES: to analyze the knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to sexually transmitted infections of men in prison. METHODS: qualitative study, based on the methodology Knowledge, Attitude and Practice, conducted with 30 men in prison. The study applied individual interviews submitted to the analyze of the discourse. RESULTS: the incipient knowledge of men was associated with: self-illness and the others', diagnosis, and perception of risk behavior, pervaded by distrust or lack of understanding of the rapid test for detection. The attitudes involved culpability of partnerships, non-adherence to prevention inputs, and resistance to look for health services. The practices are linked to health care after the identification of the disease, use of penile condoms, and attention to the partnership. CONCLUSIONS: the reduced knowledge about Sexually Transmitted Infections makes attitudes stereotyped, stigmatized, compromised by the level of education. The level of health care and the limits of deprivation of liberty weaken the practices.

Infecções sexualmente transmissíveis em homens no sistema prisional: revisão integrativa / Infecciones de transmisión sexual en hombres en el sistema penitenciario: revisión integradora / Sexually transmitted infections in men in the prison system: integrative review

Objetivo: conhecer a produção científica sobre as Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis e o acometimento aos homens no sistema prisional. Método: revisão integrativa realizada nas bases de dados SciELO, LILACS, Web of Science e MEDLINE mediante o emprego de seis etapas sistematizadas metodologicamente. Resultados: o cenário das Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis entre homens no sistema prisional caracterizou-se pela continuidade da elevação de fatores de risco, vulnerabilização masculina, fragilidade na educação sexual e fez interface com o comportamento, as práticas e as identidades sexuais e os padrões de masculinidade. Apresentou limitação das ações de promoção da saúde e prevenção de agravos, problemas de governança e institucionalização de medidas de enfrentamento, cronicidade das negligências e iniquidades em saúde. Conclusão: a produção científica sobre as Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis apontou fragilidades na atenção à saúde e nos níveis de literacia em saúde masculina, que se somam à manutenção da masculinidade hegemônica e ao grave comprometimento dos direitos humanos. Considerações finais: condições precárias da Atenção Primária à Saúde implicam em desestruturação de resposta adequada em momentos de emergências sanitárias.

Objective: to know the scientific production on Sexually Transmitted Infections and the involvement of men in the prison system. Method: integrative review performed in the SciELO, LILACS, Web of Science and MEDLINE databases using six methodologically systematized steps. Results: the scenario of Sexually Transmitted Infections among men in the prison system was characterized by the continuity of the elevation of risk factors, male vulnerability, fragility in sex education and interfaced with behavior, sexual practices and identities and patterns of masculinity. It presented limitation of health promotion actions and disease prevention, governance problems and institutionalization of coping measures, chronicity of health neglects and inequities. Conclusion: the scientific production on Sexually Transmitted Infections pointed out weaknesses in health care and in the levels of literacy in men's health, which are added to the maintenance of hegemonic masculinity and the severe commitment of human rights.

Objective: to know the scientific production on Sexually Transmitted Infections and the involvement of men in the prison system. Method: integrative review performed in the SciELO, LILACS, Web of Science and MEDLINE databases using six methodologically systematized steps. Results: the scenario of Sexually Transmitted Infections among men in the prison system was characterized by the continuity of the elevation of risk factors, male vulnerability, fragility in sex education and interfaced with behavior, sexual practices and identities and patterns of masculinity. It presented limitation of health promotion actions and disease prevention, governance problems and institutionalization of coping measures, chronicity of health neglects and inequities. Conclusion: the scientific production on Sexually Transmitted Infections pointed out weaknesses in health care and in the levels of literacy in men's health, which are added to the maintenance of hegemonic masculinity and the severe commitment of human rights.

Permanência de mulheres em relacionamentos violentos: desvelando o cotidiano conjugal / Women's permanence in relationships marked by violence: unveiling marital everyday life / Mujeres que permanecen en relaciones marcadas por la violencia: revelación de la vida diaria conyugal

RESUMO Objetivo: desvelar a permanência de mulheres em um cotidiano conjugal violento. Método: estudo qualitativo, fundamentado no método da História Oral, realizado com 29 mulheres vítimas de violência conjugal acompanhadas por uma Vara de Violência Doméstica e Familiar contra a Mulher de Salvador, Bahia, Brasil. Os dados foram coletados entre setembro e dezembro de 2020 por meio de entrevistas individuais e analisados à luz da Teoria do Cotidiano. Resultados: a história oral das mulheres aponta para a não percepção da situação de abuso no início da relação, revela a crença na possibilidade de controlar os episódios de violência e o comprometimento da saúde psicoemocional. Soma-se a isso a expectativa pela mudança de postura do parceiro no cotidiano conjugal. Conclusão: as narrativas desvelam a complexidade envolvida na repetição da vida cotidiana, o que faz com que muitas mulheres, mesmo já se reconhecendo em vivência de violência, não consigam romper o relacionamento.

ABSTRACT Objective: to unveil the reasons why women stay in marital relationships marked by violence. Method: a qualitative study, grounded on the Oral History method, carried out with 29 women victims of marital violence monitored by a Court of Domestic and Family Violence against Women in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. The data were collected between September and December 2020 through individual interviews and analyzed in the light of the Theory of Everyday Life. Results: the women's Oral History points to non-perception of the abuse situation at the beginning of the relationship and reveals the belief in the possibility of controlling the episodes of violence and the impairment of psycho-emotional health. The expectation that the partner will change his position in marital everyday life is added to this. Conclusion: the narratives unveil the complexity involved in the repetition of everyday life, which means that many women, even though they already recognize themselves as experiencing violence, are unable to break the relationship.

RESUMEN Objetivo: revelar los motivos por los cuales las mujeres permanecen en situaciones de vida diaria conyugal marcadas por la violencia. Método: estudio cualitativo, fundamentado en el método de la Historia Oral y realizado con 29 mujeres víctimas de violencia conyugal con causas a cargo de un Juzgado de Violencia Doméstica y Familiar contra la Mujer en Salvador, Bahía, Brasil. Los datos se recolectaron entre septiembre y diciembre de 2020 por medio de entrevistas individuales y se los analizó a la luz de la Teoría de la Vida Cotidiana. Resultados: la historia oral de las mujeres apunta a la no percepción de la situación de abuso al inicio de la relación y revela que creen en la posibilidad de controlar los episodios de violencia y el deterioro de la salud psicoemocional. A lo anterior se suma la expectativa de que la pareja cambie de postura en la vida diaria conyugal. Conclusión: los relatos revelan la complejidad involucrada en la repetición de lo cotidiano, lo que hace que muchas mujeres, aunque ya se reconozcan como víctimas de violencia, sean incapaces de desvincularse de la relación.

Planned home birth assistance: challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic / Assistência ao parto domiciliar planejado: desafios enfrentados durante a pandemia da COVID-19

ABSTRACT Objective: To understand the challenges faced by urban midwives in assisting planned home births during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Qualitative study, based on the Collective Subject Discourse methodological framework, carried out with eight professionals, members of a birth care collective from the northeast region of Brazil. Data was collected between September and October of 2020 using the focus group technique. Results: The collective discourses revealed five central ideas: Changing assistance strategy; Dealing with frustration; Facing the fear of contamination; Avoiding exposure to the virus; and Keeping distance during the care process. Final considerations: The challenging condition the pandemic brings to the care of planned home births is made evident, being marked by the need for collective protection and the pressure of following health recommendations. The study also points out the need for official protocols and good quality information based on scientific evidence and humanizing principles to guide health care.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Conocer los desafíos enfrentados por parteras urbanas para la atención al parto domiciliario planeado durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Métodos: Estudio cualitativo, ancorado en el referencial metodológico del Discurso del Sujeto Colectivo, realizado con ocho profesionales integrantes de un colectivo de atención al parto, en Nordeste brasileño. Datos fueron recolectados entre septiembre y octubre de 2020 mediante técnica de grupo focal. Resultados: Discursos colectivos revelaron cinco ideales centrales: Alterar la conducción de la atención; Lidiar con las frustraciones; Encarar el miedo a contaminación; Evitar la exposición al virus; y Mantenerse distanciada durante la atención. Consideraciones finales: Evidencia un contexto pandémico desafiador para atención al parto domiciliario planeado, marcado por la necesidad de protección colectiva y angustias advenidas de la atención a recomendaciones sanitarias. El estudio señaliza, aún, la relevancia de protocolos oficiales e informaciones de calidad que dirija a una atención pautada en evidencias científicas y en la humanización.

RESUMO Objetivo: Conhecer os desafios enfrentados por parteiras urbanas para a assistência ao parto domiciliar planejado durante a pandemia da COVID-19. Métodos: Estudo qualitativo, ancorado no referencial metodológico do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo, realizado com oito profissionais integrantes de um coletivo de assistência ao parto, no Nordeste brasileiro. Os dados foram coletados entre setembro e outubro de 2020 mediante a técnica de grupo focal. Resultados: Os discursos coletivos revelaram cinco ideias centrais: Alterar a condução da assistência; Lidar com as frustrações; Encarar o medo da contaminação; Evitar a exposição ao vírus; e Manter-se distanciada durante a assistência. Considerações finais: Evidencia-se um contexto pandêmico desafiador para assistência ao parto domiciliar planejado, marcado pela necessidade de proteção coletiva e por angústias advindas do atendimento às recomendações sanitárias. O estudo sinaliza, ainda, a relevância de protocolos oficiais e informações de qualidade que norteiem um atendimento pautado em evidências científicas e na humanização.

Knowledge, attitudes and practices related to sexually transmitted infections of men in prison / Conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas relacionadas a las enfermedades de transmisión sexual de hombres en situación de prisión / Conhecimentos, atitudes e práticas relacionadas às infecções sexualmente transmissíveis de homens em situação prisional

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze the knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to sexually transmitted infections of men in prison. Methods: qualitative study, based on the methodology Knowledge, Attitude and Practice, conducted with 30 men in prison. The study applied individual interviews submitted to the analyze of the discourse. Results: the incipient knowledge of men was associated with: self-illness and the others', diagnosis, and perception of risk behavior, pervaded by distrust or lack of understanding of the rapid test for detection. The attitudes involved culpability of partnerships, non-adherence to prevention inputs, and resistance to look for health services. The practices are linked to health care after the identification of the disease, use of penile condoms, and attention to the partnership. Conclusions: the reduced knowledge about Sexually Transmitted Infections makes attitudes stereotyped, stigmatized, compromised by the level of education. The level of health care and the limits of deprivation of liberty weaken the practices.

RESUMEN Objetivos: analizar conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas relacionadas a enfermedades de transmisión sexual de hombres en situación de prisión. Métodos: estudio cualitativo, basado en la metodología Conocimiento, Actitud y Práctica, realizado con 30 hombres de la prisión. Aplicada entrevista individual sometida a Análisis del Discurso. Resultados: el conocimiento incipiente de los hombres estuvo relacionado a: propia enfermedad y del otro, diagnóstico y percepción de conducta de riesgo, pasado por desconfianza o no entendimiento del test rápido para detección. Las actitudes envolvieron culpabilización de parejas; no adhesión a insumos de prevención; resistencia a búsqueda por servicios de salud. Las prácticas se vinculan al cuidado de salud tras identificación de la enfermedad, uso de preservativo peniano y cuidado con las parejas. Conclusiones: el reducido conocimiento sobre Infecciones de Transmisión Sexual vuelve las actitudes estereotipadas, estigmatizadas, comprometidas por nivel de instrucción. Las prácticas son debilitadas por nivel de asistencia de salud y límites de privación de libertad.

RESUMO Objetivos: analisar os conhecimentos, as atitudes e práticas relacionadas às infecções sexualmente transmissíveis de homens em situação prisional. Métodos: estudo qualitativo, baseado na metodologia Conhecimento, Atitude e Prática, realizado com 30 homens em situação prisional. Aplicou-se entrevista individual submetida à Análise do Discurso. Resultados: o conhecimento incipiente dos homens esteve associado ao: adoecimento próprio e do outro, diagnóstico e percepção do comportamento de risco, perpassado pela desconfiança ou não entendimento do teste rápido para detecção. As atitudes envolveram culpabilização das parcerias; não adesão aos insumos de prevenção; resistência na procura por serviços de saúde. As práticas vinculam-se ao cuidado à saúde após a identificação da doença, uso de preservativo peniano e cuidado com as parcerias. Conclusões: o reduzido conhecimento sobre Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis torna as atitudes estereotipadas, estigmatizadas, comprometidas pelo nível de instrução. As práticas são fragilizadas pelo nível de assistência à saúde e pelos limites da privação de liberdade.

Planned home birth assistance: challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic.

OBJECTIVE: To understand the challenges faced by urban midwives in assisting planned home births during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: Qualitative study, based on the Collective Subject Discourse methodological framework, carried out with eight professionals, members of a birth care collective from the northeast region of Brazil. Data was collected between September and October of 2020 using the focus group technique. RESULTS: The collective discourses revealed five central ideas: Changing assistance strategy; Dealing with frustration; Facing the fear of contamination; Avoiding exposure to the virus; and Keeping distance during the care process. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: The challenging condition the pandemic brings to the care of planned home births is made evident, being marked by the need for collective protection and the pressure of following health recommendations. The study also points out the need for official protocols and good quality information based on scientific evidence and humanizing principles to guide health care.

The influence of work environment relationships on mental health of Brazilian seamstresses.

BACKGROUND: The work environment is a place in which different kinds of interpersonal relationships are developed and can contribute positively or negatively to productivity and to workers' well-being. Discussion on this topic may contribute to building more coping strategies to fight against gender inequality and the emotional repercussions of these conditions. OBJECTIVE: This is a cross-sectional study that investigated the possible influence of work environment relationships on the mental health of Brazilian seamstresses. METHODS: The participants were seamstresses from four clothing factories in a city in the southwest of Brazil. For data collection, we used the Social Support Perception at Work Scale; Self-Report Questionnaire; Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test; and a focus group. The quantitative data were statistically analyzed, and data from the focus groups were analyzed using content analysis. RESULTS: Interpersonal relationships at work were mentioned as sources of conflict and stress but also as emotional and material social support providers. In the sample studied, these relationships did not influence directly the development of mental health disorders. CONCLUSIONS: Study results suggest that a low level of education is an important factor that increases the vulnerability of these women to the precariousness of work, and, consequently to developing mental health symptoms or aggravating previous mental health distress. However, emotional and material support from peers likely protects these workers' mental health.

Protagonismo social: encontros entre graduandas de enfermagem de Salvador e ativistas vivendo com HIV / Social protagonism: meetings between nursing graduates of Salvador and activists living with HIV

Objetivo: Este trabalho objetiva relatar a experiência de graduandas de enfermagem durante encontros com pessoas que vivem com o HIV e participam de um movimento social organizado. Método: A ideia de integrar os encontros promovidos pelo grupo surgiu da necessidade de se aproximar de pessoas que atuam no cenário baiano propondo discussões sobre prevenção, diagnóstico e enfrentamento da epidemia do HIV, objetos do projeto de extensão Bonde Universitário: participação jovem na prevenção de Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis, do qual as estudantes fazem parte. Resultado: Os encontros desencadearam rodas de conversas mensais com temas sugeridos pelos participantes: preconceito, perspectiva de futuro e liderança. A ação promoveu a integração entre os participantes e conferiu às graduandas uma prática rica de atenção à saúde. Conclusão: A participação proporcionou a organização de atividades educativas e um aprendizado mútuo, com elaboração de ações inovadoras que tenham potencial para produzir efeitos sobre as práticas sexuais dos sujeitos.(AU)

Objective: This work aims to report the experience of undergraduate nursing students during meetings with people living with HIV and participating in an organized social movement. Method: The idea of integrating the meetings promoted by the group arose from the need to approach people who work in the Bahian scenario, proposing discussions about prevention, diagnosis and coping with the HIV epidemic, objects of the Bonde Universitário extension project: young participation in the prevention of Sexually Transmitted Infections, of which the students are a part. Result: The meetings triggered rounds of monthly conversations with themes suggested by the participants: prejudice, perspective of the future and leadership. The action promoted the integration among the participants and gave the undergraduate students a rich practice of health care. Conclusion: Participation provided the organization of educational activities and mutual learning, with the development of innovative actions that have the potential to produce effects on the sexual practices of the subjects.(AU)

Objetivo: Este trabajo tiene como objetivo reportar la experiencia de estudiantes de enfermería durante encuentros con personas que viven con el VIH y que participan en un movimiento social organizado. Método: La idea de integrar los encuentros promovidos por el grupo surgió de la necesidad de acercarse a las personas que trabajan en el escenario bahiano, proponiendo discusiones sobre prevención, diagnóstico y afrontamiento de la epidemia de VIH, objetos del proyecto de extensión Bonde Universitário: jóvenes participación en la prevención de Infecciones de Transmisión Sexual, de la cual los estudiantes son parte. Resultado: Los encuentros desencadenaron rondas de conversaciones mensuales con temas propuestos por los participantes: prejuicio, perspectiva de futuro y liderazgo. La acción promovió la integración entre los participantes y brindó a los estudiantes de pregrado una rica práctica del cuidado de la salud. Conclusión: La participación proporcionó la organización de actividades educativas y de aprendizaje mutuo, con el desarrollo de acciones innovadoras que tienen el potencial de producir efectos en las prácticas sexuales de los sujetos.(AU)

A Clinicopathologic Study on the Role of Estrogen, Progesterone, and Their Classical and Nonclassical Receptors in Cutaneous Neurofibromas of Individuals With Neurofibromatosis 1.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the expression of progesterone receptor (PR), estrogen receptor (ER), and G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER-1) in cutaneous neurofibromas (cNFs) and their correlation with demographic, clinical, and laboratory data of individuals with neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1). The association of PROGINS polymorphism and PR expression in cNFs, as well as the serum steroidal hormones and the number of cNFs, was investigated. METHODS: The sample comprised 80 large and 80 small cNFs from 80 individuals with NF1. PR, ER, GPER-1, and Ki-67 expression were investigated by immunohistochemistry in tissue micro- and macroarrays and quantified using a digital computer-assisted method. The number of cNFs, the levels of serum 17ß estradiol and progesterone, and the PROGINS polymorphism were identified. RESULTS: Twelve (8.5%) small cNFs were weakly positive for ER, 131 (92.3%) cNFs expressed PR, and all (100%) cNFs expressed GPER-1. Large cNFs showed a higher expression of PR (P < .0001) and GPER-1 (P = .019) and had a higher intensity of staining for these receptors (P < .0001). The cell proliferation index was positively correlated with PR (P = .001). Persons with more cNFs had higher serum levels of progesterone (P = .001). CONCLUSIONS: These findings emphasize the role of estrogen and progesterone in cNF development and suggest that these hormones may act on cNF cells via a noncanonical pathway through GPER-1.